TrpC5 is one of the seven mammalian TRPC (transient receptor potential canonical) proteins. TrpC5 is a multi-pass membrane protein and is thought to form a receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. The protein is active alone or as a heteromultimeric assembly with TRPC1, TRPC3, and TRPC4. It also interacts with multiple proteins including calmodulin, CABP1, enkurin, Na+–H+ exchange regulatory factor (NHERF), interferon-induced GTP-binding protein (MX1), ring finger protein 24 (RNF24), and SEC14 domain and spectrin repeat-containing protein 1 (SESTD1).[5]
TRPC4 and TRPC5 have been implicated in the mechanism of mercury toxicity[8] and neurological behavior.[9] It was established in 2021 that TRPC5 is a component of the dental cold sensing system.[10]
Activation
Homomultimeric TRPC5 and heteromultimeric TRPC5-TRPC1 channels are activated by extracellular reduced thioredoxin.[11] This channel has also been found to be involved in the action of anaesthetics such as chloroform, halothane and propofol.[12]
^Sossey-Alaoui K, Lyon JA, Jones L, Abidi FE, Hartung AJ, Hane B, et al. (September 1999). "Molecular cloning and characterization of TRPC5 (HTRP5), the human homologue of a mouse brain receptor-activated capacitative Ca2+ entry channel". Genomics. 60 (3): 330–340. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5924. PMID10493832.
^Clapham DE, Julius D, Montell C, Schultz G (December 2005). "International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 57 (4): 427–450. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID16382100. S2CID17936350.
^Greka A, Navarro B, Oancea E, Duggan A, Clapham DE (August 2003). "TRPC5 is a regulator of hippocampal neurite length and growth cone morphology". Nature Neuroscience. 6 (8): 837–845. doi:10.1038/nn1092. PMID12858178. S2CID7523946.