Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang model sosla dan ekonomi di Eropa utara. Untuk model sosial-ekonomi di benua Eropa, khususnya Jerman, lihat model Rhenish. Untuk ideologi politik yang sering dikaitkan dengan model Nordik, lihat Demokrasi sosial.
Meski ada beberapa perbedaan antara negara-negara Nordik, semuanya memiliki ciri khas yang sama. Kebijakan mereka mendukung negara kesejahteraan "universalis" yang bertujuan meningkatkan kemandirian seseorang dan mendorong mobilitas sosial; sistem korporatis yang melibatkan kesepakatan antara tiga pihak: wakil pekerja dan majikan merundingkan upah dan kebijakan pasar tenaga kerja sambil dimediasi pemerintah;[6] dan komitmen untuk menyebarkan kepemilikan swasta, pasar bebas, dan perdagangan bebas.[7]
Setiap negara Nordik memiliki model ekonomi dan sosialnya sendiri, kadang jauh berbeda dibandingkan negara tetangganya.[8] Menurut sosiolog Lane Kenworthy, dalam konteks model Nordik, "demokrasi sosial" mengacu kepada serangkaian kebijakan yang mengutamakan keamanan ekonomi dan kesempatan dalam kerangka kerja kapitalisme alih-alih sistem pengganti kapitalisme.[9]
^Pontusson, Jonas (2011). Once Again A Model: Nordic Social Democracy in a Globalized World.pp 89-115 in What's Left of the Left: Democrats and Social Democrats in Challenging Times. Edited by James E. Cronin, George W. Ross, and James Shoch. Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-5079-3.
^James E. McWhinney (June 25, 2013). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. Diakses tanggal September 16, 2015. The Nordic model is a term coined to capture the unique combination of free market capitalism and social benefits that have given rise to a society that enjoys a host of top-quality services, including free education and free healthcare, as well as generous, guaranteed pension payments for retirees. These benefits are funded by taxpayers and administered by the government for the benefit of all citizens.
^Hicks, Alexander (January 20, 2000). Social democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A century of Income Security Politics. Cornell University Press. hlm. 130. ISBN978-0801485565. By the late 1950s, labor had been incorporated alongside Swedish business in fully elaborated corporatist institutions of collective bargaining and policy making, public as well as private, supply-side (as for labour training) as well as demand side (e.g., Keynesian). During the 1950s and 1960s, similar neocorpratist institutions developed in Denmark and Norway, in Austria and the Netherlands, and somewhat later, in Belgium and Finland.
^James E. McWhinney (June 25, 2013). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. Diakses tanggal September 16, 2015. The model is underpinned by a capitalist economy that encourages creative destruction. While the laws make it is easy for companies to shed workers and implement transformative business models, employees are supported by generous social welfare programs.
