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Look up spine, spines, or spinal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Spine or spinal may refer to: Spinal column, also known as the backbone Dendritic...

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the lower brainstem to the lumbar...

The spinal column, also known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrates. The vertebral column is...

Spinal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen that results in pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. Symptoms may...

This Is Spinal Tap is a 1984 American mockumentary comedy film directed by Rob Reiner in his feature directorial debut. Christopher Guest, Michael McKean...

dysfunction or loss of motor and/or sensory function in the cervical area of the spinal cord. A loss of motor function can present as either weakness or paralysis...

Spinal posture is the position of the spine in the human body. It is debated what the optimal spinal posture is, and whether poor spinal posture causes...

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. It is a destructive neurological and...

Spinal Tap (stylized as Spın̈al Tap) are a parody English heavy metal band created by the American comedians and musicians Michael McKean, Christopher...

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. It is usually...

Spinal Tap II: The End Continues is a 2025 American mockumentary comedy film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Reiner, Christopher Guest, Michael McKean...

vertebrates. The proportions of the vertebrae differ according to their spinal segment and the particular species. The basic configuration of a vertebra...

Spinal decompression is the relief of pressure on the spinal cord or on one or more compressed nerve roots passing through or exiting the spinal column...

Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae...

Spinal manipulation is an intervention performed on synovial joints of the spine, including the z-joints, the atlanto-occipital, atlanto-axial, lumbosacral...

In human anatomy, the spinal canal, vertebral canal or spinal cavity is an elongated body cavity enclosed within the dorsal bony arches of the vertebral...

which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. There are three main types:...

found within the meningeal tissue that surrounds the vertebrate brain and spinal cord, and in the ventricles of the brain. CSF is mostly produced by the...

Spinal mobilization is a type of passive movement of a spinal segment or region. It is usually performed with the aim of achieving a therapeutic effect...

In combat sports, a spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges...

Spinal adjustment and chiropractic adjustment are terms used by chiropractors to describe their approaches to spinal manipulation, as well as some osteopaths...

Look up spinal tap in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Spinal Tap may refer to: Spinal tap (medical procedure), any procedure where a needle is inserted...

Spinal anaesthesia (or spinal anesthesia), also called spinal block, subarachnoid block, intradural block and intrathecal block, is a form of neuraxial...

A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are...

disorders affect general health, and that regular manipulation of the spine (spinal adjustment) improves general health. A chiropractor may have a Doctor of...

(CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain, spinal cord and retina. The CNS is named so because the brain integrates the received...

of sciatica is due to a spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots. Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, piriformis syndrome...

Combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia is a regional anaesthetic technique, which combines the benefits of both spinal anaesthesia and epidural anaesthesia...

rare neurological condition wherein the spinal cord is inflamed. The adjective transverse implies that the spinal inflammation (myelitis) extends horizontally...

disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery...

Lumbar puncture (LP), also known as a spinal tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal, most commonly to collect cerebrospinal...

Some other spinal diseases include spinal muscular atrophy, ankylosing spondylitis, scoliosis, lumbar spinal stenosis, spina bifida, spinal tumors, osteoporosis...

A spinal interneuron, found in the spinal cord, relays signals between (afferent) sensory neurons, and (efferent) motor neurons. Different classes of...

caused by spinal cord injury or a congenital condition that affects the neural (brain) elements of the spinal canal. The area of the spinal canal that...

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves and blood vessels at the level of the lumbar...

Cervical spinal stenosis is a bone disease involving the narrowing of the spinal canal at the level of the neck. It is frequently due to chronic degeneration...

Spinal cord stroke is a rare type of stroke with compromised blood flow to any region of spinal cord owing to occlusion or bleeding, leading to irreversible...

Spondylolisthesis refers to a condition in which one spinal vertebra slips out of place compared to another. While some medical dictionaries define spondylolisthesis...

A spinal cord stimulator (SCS) or dorsal column stimulator (DCS) is a type of implantable neuromodulation device (sometimes called a "pain pacemaker")...

chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. The most common symptoms are fever...

removes a portion of a vertebra called the lamina, which is the roof of the spinal canal. It is a major spine operation with residual scar tissue and may result...

Spinal tumors are neoplasms located in either the vertebral column or the spinal cord. There are three main types of spinal tumors classified based on...

mater) and the skull. When this condition occurs in the spinal canal, it is known as a spinal epidural hematoma. There may be loss of consciousness following...

the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves, which are enclosed bundles of long...

Spinal traction may refer to: Traction (orthopedics) Spinal decompression Spinal precautions Traction in spinal cord injury This disambiguation page lists...

A disc herniation, also known as a spinal disc herniation, is a condition affecting the intervertebral disc between two vertebrae, usually caused by excessive...

Spinal shock was first explored by Robert Whytt in 1750 as a loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis with initial loss but gradual recovery of...

This Is Spinal Tap (or simply Spinal Tap) is the soundtrack to the film This Is Spinal Tap, released in 1984. The cover art is identical to that of the...

leading to vertebral narrowing and eventually to vertebral collapse and spinal damage. A dry soft-tissue mass often forms and superinfection is rare. Spread...

The cervical spinal nerve 5 (C5) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal column from above the cervical vertebra 5 (C5)...

deformity, it is the pathological curving of the spine, where parts of the spinal column lose some or all of their lordotic profile. This causes a bowing...

A spinal board, long spine board, or backboard is a patient handling device used primarily in pre-hospital trauma care. It is designed to provide rigid...

The posterior spinal artery (dorsal spinal arteries) arises from the vertebral artery in 25% of humans or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in 75%...

spinal fracture, also called a vertebral fracture or a broken back, is a fracture affecting the vertebrae of the spinal column. Most types of spinal fracture...

a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as the cauda equina is damaged. Signs and symptoms include low...

ˈspaɪni/ irr-EK-tər SPY-nee) or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back. The spinal erectors work together with the glutes...

Persistent spinal pain syndrome (PSPS) is a pain disorder characterized by chronic pain originating in the spine. PSPS is categorized into two primary...

to the grey matter of the spinal cord, and the suffix -itis, which denotes inflammation, i.e., inflammation of the spinal cord's grey matter. The word...

root of spinal nerve (or posterior root of spinal nerve or sensory root)[citation needed] is one of two "roots" which emerge from the spinal cord. It...

motor cortex, brainstem or the spinal cord, and whose axon (fiber) projects to the spinal cord or outside of the spinal cord to directly or indirectly...

space available for the spinal tract within the vertebra (spinal stenosis); or narrowing of the space through which a spinal nerve exits (vertebral foramen...

ganglion (or spinal ganglion; also known as a posterior root ganglion) is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve. The cell...

(mêninx) 'membrane') are protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. In mammals, three meninges have been clearly identified: the dura...

Spinal precautions, also known as spinal immobilization and spinal motion restriction, are efforts to prevent movement of the bones of the spine in those...

the spinal accessory nerve. Strength testing of these muscles can be measured during a neurological examination to assess function of the spinal accessory...

critically acclaimed films starting with the heavy metal mockumentary This Is Spinal Tap (1984), followed by the romantic road comedy The Sure Thing (1985),...

(ACDF) is a surgical procedure to treat nerve root or spinal cord compression by decompressing the spinal cord and nerve roots of the cervical spine with a...

The sacral spinal nerve 1 (S1) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the 1st body of the sacrum. S1...

The nucleus proprius of spinal cord is a layer of the spinal cord adjacent to the substantia gelatinosa. The nucleus proprius can be found in the gray...

blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is a semipermeable anatomical interface that consists of the specialized small blood vessels that surround the spinal cord...

spinal cord. The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs, essentially serving as a relay between the brain and spinal cord...

In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the artery that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. It arises from branches of the vertebral...

The cervical spinal nerve 8 (C8) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the cervical vertebra 7 (C7)...

The dorsal ramus of spinal nerve, posterior ramus of spinal nerve, or posterior primary division is the posterior division of a spinal nerve. The dorsal...

Vascular myelopathy (vascular disease of the spinal cord) refers to an abnormality of the spinal cord in regard to its blood supply. The blood supply...

Spinal neurons are specialized nerve cells located within the spinal cord. They are a crucial component of the central nervous system. These neurons play...

cortex in the brain down the upper motor neuron as it travels down the spinal cord. There, it connects via a synapse to the lower motor neuron, which...

The spinal trigeminal nucleus is a nucleus in the medulla that receives information about deep/crude touch, pain, and temperature from the ipsilateral...

A functional spinal unit (FSU), or motion segment, is the smallest physiological motion unit of the spine to exhibit biomechanical characteristics similar...

to a group of neurological disorders that relate to malformations of the spinal cord. Various forms include tight filum terminale, lipomeningomyelocele...

system. As an example of a spinal reflex, it results in a fast response that involves an afferent signal into the spinal cord and an efferent signal...

matter known as the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The gray matter of this nucleus is covered by a layer of nerve fibers that form the spinal tract of the trigeminal...

mainly supplied by afferent nerve fibres from the dorsal root of any given spinal nerve. There are 8 cervical nerves (C1 being an exception with no dermatome)...

The sacral spinal nerve 2 (S2) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the 2nd body of the sacrum S2 supplies...

and 1985. Shearer co-created, co-wrote and co-starred in the film This Is Spinal Tap (1984), a hit satirical rockumentary. In 1989, he joined the cast of...

Spinal cord compression is a form of myelopathy in which the spinal cord is compressed. Causes can be bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor...

(rhombencephalon, subdivided into metencephalon and myelencephalon). The spinal cord, which directly interacts with somatic functions below the head, can...

parallels the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The spinal tract of V is analogous to, and continuous with, Lissauer's tract in the spinal cord. The spinal trigeminal...

Anterior spinal artery syndrome (also known as "anterior spinal cord syndrome") is caused by ischemia of the area supplied by the anterior spinal artery...

The Canadian Spinal Research Organization (SCRO) is a nationally registered charity whose mission is to improve the physical quality of life for persons...

The sacral spinal nerve 3 (S3) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the 3rd body of the sacrum. S3...

anomalies. Spinal stenosis can occur in cases of severe spondylosis, spondylotheisis and age-associated thickening of the ligamentum flavum. Spinal stenosis...

ventral ramus (pl.: rami) (Latin for 'branch') is the anterior division of a spinal nerve. The ventral rami supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk and...

The spinal arteries are the: Anterior spinal artery Posterior spinal artery This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Spinal arteries...

the conus medullaris) via the anterior spinal artery. It is a radiculomedullary artery arising from the spinal dorsal branch of the segmental artery (posterior...

cause. In the more narrow sense, it refers to spinal osteoarthritis, the age-related degeneration of the spinal column, which is the most common cause of...

The thoracic spinal nerve 1 (T1) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 1 (T1)...

Myelomalacia is a pathological term referring to the softening of the spinal cord. Possible causes of myelomalacia include cervical myelopathy, hemorrhagic...

"medullary cone") or conus terminalis is the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord. It occurs near lumbar vertebral levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2), occasionally...

Prostatectomy - surgical removal of the prostate. Ejaculatory duct obstruction Spinal cord injury causes sexual dysfunction including anejaculation. The rate...

fibrous tissue Back pain Degenerative disc disease Spinal disc herniation Spinal decompression Lumbar spinal stenosis List of distinct cell types in the adult...

The cervical spinal nerve 6 (C6) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal column from above the cervical vertebra 6 (C6)...

Spinal osteoarthropathy (also known as Charcot's disease) is a rare disease affecting reptiles (including snakes and lizards) which causes abnormal bone...

symptom of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and describes intermittent leg pain from impingement of the nerves emanating from the spinal cord. Neurogenic means...

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), popularly known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare, adult-onset, X-linked recessive lower motor neuron disease...

Myelitis is inflammation of the spinal cord which can disrupt the normal responses from the brain to the rest of the body, and from the rest of the body...

spinothalamic tract is a nerve tract in the anterolateral system in the spinal cord. This tract is an ascending sensory pathway to the thalamus. From the...

The Godfather Part II, The Freshman, Sleepers, Donnie Brasco, and This Is Spinal Tap. He voiced Reginald Stout in Stuart Little. Kirby was a character actor...

and spinal cord are located. The membranes that surround the central nervous system organs (the brain and the spinal cord, in the cranial and spinal cavities)...

arise from the merging of the anterior rami of spinal nerves and blood vessels. There are five spinal nerve plexuses, except in the thoracic region, as...

Atrophy Mouse (right) with spinal muscular atrophy Specialty Pathology Symptoms Loss of body cells, signs of ageing Types Muscular atrophy, gland atrophy...

administration in which a medicine is injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord. The epidural route is used by physicians and nurse anesthetists to...

neurology, the ventral root of spinal nerve, anterior root, or motor root[citation needed] is the efferent motor root of a spinal nerve. At its distal end,...

Spinal was reanimated by Ultratech through cell regeneration but destroyed by Chief Thunder in the first tournament; however, Gargos had a Spinal of...

forms from the meninges, the membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms depend on the location and occur as a result of the tumor...

spinal cord is a deep midline groove of the anterior spinal cord. It divides the white matter of the anterior spinal cord nearly in two. The spinal pia...

areas of interest include minimally invasive spine, spinal-cord, and brain surgery, as well as spinal disc disorders, neurotrauma, and deformity correction...

The cervical spinal nerve 1 (C1) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. C1 carries predominantly motor fibres, but also a small meningeal branch that...

Spinal muscular atrophies (SMAs) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare debilitating disorders characterised by the degeneration...

the "Bertier #42 Foundation", dedicated to raising money for research on spinal cord injuries. There is also a gymnasium at Alexandria City High School...

not-for-profit foundation Wings for Life. The entry fee goes completely to Spinal Cord Research. It became the largest running event in 2021 with 184,236...

are three regions of the somewhat ridge-shaped mass of grey matter in the spinal cord. These regions present as three columns: the anterior grey column,...

in the spinal cord and the signal then travels through it into the brain. This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons...

The thoracic spinal nerve 12 (T12) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 12...

(around-the-clock), high-dose opioid therapy (such as neuropathic pain and spinal-cord injury). It serves as the key part of neural prosthetics for hearing...

location adjacent to brain or spinal cord, epidural abscesses have the potential to cause weakness, pain, and paralysis. A spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is...

Spinal nerve root may refer to: Posterior root of spinal nerve Anterior root of spinal nerve This set index article includes a list of related items that...

fibrous tissue membrane that covers the brain and the vertebrae of the spinal column. But the layers are separated at the dural venous sinuses to allow...

of the three meninges, the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is so named because of its resemblance to a spider web. The arachnoid...

The thoracic spinal nerve 6 (T6) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 6 (T6)...

blocks, it is injected around a nerve that supplies the area, or into the spinal canal's epidural space. It is available mixed with a small amount of epinephrine...

in mockumentary style. He co-wrote and acted in the rock satire This Is Spinal Tap (1984), and later directed a string of satirical mockumentary films...

Spinal cord injury research seeks new ways to cure or treat spinal cord injury in order to lessen the debilitating effects of the injury in the short or...

present in the brain, brainstem and cerebellum, and present throughout the spinal cord. Grey matter is distributed at the surface of the cerebral hemispheres...

surrounds the spinal cord and the cauda equina. The thecal sac contains the cerebrospinal fluid which provides nutrients and buoyancy to the spinal cord. From...

Cervical spinal nerve 4, also called C4, is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal cord above the 4th cervical vertebra...

The cervical spinal nerve 2 (C2) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It is a part of the ansa cervicalis along with the C1 and C3 nerves sometimes...

Spinal extradural haematoma or spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is bleeding into the epidural space in the spine. These may arise spontaneously (e.g. during...

regions of the spinal cord – the sympathetic nervous system is said to have a thoracolumbar outflow. Axons of these nerves leave the spinal cord through...

contractions are part of the male orgasm under the control of a spinal reflex at the level of the spinal nerves S2–4 via the pudendal nerve. Although the external...

The Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) is an outcome measure used in rehabilitation medicine to evaluate functional independence in individuals with...

equina or tail end of the spinal cord). Spinal and epidural are the most commonly used forms of central neuraxial blockade. Spinal anesthesia is a "one-shot"...

from the original tumor site to the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This leads to an inflammatory response, hence the alternative names...

condition where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord leaks out of one or more holes or tears in the dura mater. A CSF leak...

Posterior spinal artery syndrome (PSAS), also known as posterior spinal cord syndrome or posterior cord syndrome, is a type of incomplete spinal cord injury...

Although spinal cord injury (SCI) often causes sexual dysfunction, many people with SCI are able to have satisfying sex lives. Physical limitations acquired...

film This Is Spinal Tap and the 2025 film Spinal Tap 2: The End Continues. In the films, he is the lead guitarist of the rock band Spinal Tap. He is played...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord (spinal fMRI) is an adaptation of the fMRI method that has been developed for use in the...

collaborated with Christopher Guest acting in his films such as This Is Spinal Tap (1984), Best in Show (2000), A Mighty Wind (2003), and For Your Consideration...

neck. Spinal segments are the part of the spinal cord, from which ventral and dorsal roots exit to form a specific pair of spinal nerves. The spinal cord...

metal band Spinal Tap. Released on June 16, 2009, it is the first release by the Spinal Tap name since 1992's Break Like the Wind, and was Spinal Tap's last...

The thoracic spinal nerve 7 (T7) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 7 (T7)...

Spinal Cord Toolbox (SCT) is a suite of analysis tools optimized for spinal cord images acquired with magnetic resonance imaging. Main features include...

When treating a person with a spinal cord injury, repairing the damage created by injury is the ultimate goal. By using a variety of treatments, greater...

describes any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord. When due to trauma, myelopathy is known as (acute) spinal cord injury. When inflammatory, it is known...

central canal (also known as spinal foramen or ependymal canal) is the cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs through the spinal cord. The central canal...

Vertebral fixation (also known as "spinal fixation") is an orthopedic surgical procedure in which two or more vertebrae are anchored to each other through...

terminale acts to anchor the spinal cord and spinal meninges inferiorly. The upper portion of the filum terminale is formed by spinal pia mater within a dilated...

Regional Spinal Injury Centre is an Indian medical institution which provides treatment and rehabilitation to patients with spinal disabilities and injuries...

polysynaptic reflex that is useful in testing for spinal shock and gaining information about the state of spinal cord injuries (SCI). Bulbocavernosus is an older...

Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (DSMA1), also known as spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), is a rare neuromuscular...

disorder characterised by the age-related deterioration of the cervical spinal cord. Referred to be a range of different but related terms, a global consensus...

or feet in an inverted angle or entirely upside down. It is a form of spinal traction. Gravity boots are ankle supports designed for inversion therapy...

Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders (ISSN 2397-1789) is an international, multidisciplinary open-access, peer-reviewed, online-only medical journal addressing...

Congenital dermal sinus is an uncommon form of cranial or spinal dysraphism. It occurs in 1 in 2500 live births. It occurs as a dermal indentation, found...

of puncture of the dura mater (one of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord). The headache is severe and described as "searing and spreading like...

one inch, or more.[citation needed] MISS can be used to treat a number of spinal conditions such as degenerative disc disease, disc herniation, fractures...

impairment is dependent upon the severity and type of spinal abnormality, most reported cases of spinal cord duplication exhibit severe neurological impairment...

these studies, researchers made use of spinal preparations, which involve a complete transection of the animal's spinal cord prior to experimentation. Such...

oblongata to descend in the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord and modulate the activity of spinal anterior grey column motor neurons. Its existence is...

sheath tumors. Spinal nerve sheath tumors are typically intradural, meaning that they arise inside the dura mater surrounding the spinal cord (thecal sac)...

Spinal locomotion results from intricate dynamic interactions between a central program in lower thoracolumbar spine and proprioceptive feedback from body...

caused by spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders. The organization's mission statement states: "We are dedicated to curing spinal cord injury...

Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) is symptoms of a spinal cord injury (SCI) with no evidence of injury to the spinal column...

of the spinal cord. The sensory information travels on the afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve, to the brain via the spinal cord. Spinal nerves transmit...

The cervical spinal nerve 7 (C7) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal column from above the cervical vertebra 7 (C7)...

the highest levels of the spinal cord. Spinal nerve roots: the initial or proximal segment of one of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves leaving the central...

version of spinal manipulation (known as chiropractic adjustment) as their primary treatment method, with non-chiropractic use of spinal manipulation...

A burst fracture is a type of traumatic spinal injury in which a vertebra breaks from a high-energy axial load (e.g., traffic collisions or falls from...

National Spinal Injury Referral Hospital(NSIRH) is located in Nairobi on Lenana Rd. The NSIRH offers specialized healthcare services to persons with spinal injuries...

The cervical spinal nerve 3 (C3) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal column from above the cervical vertebra 3 (C3)...

(occasionally diastomyelia) is a congenital disorder in which a part of the spinal cord is split, usually at the level of the upper lumbar vertebra in the...

spine. Pinched or compressed nerves may result from herniated discs, lumbar spinal stenosis, or spondylolisthesis. The traditional technique for decompression...

best-known film credit is as Jeanine Pettibone in This Is Spinal Tap (1984) and its sequel, Spinal Tap II: The End Continues (2025). Abbott, Jon (2009). Stephen...

of the early stage. Late neurosyphilis typically involves the brain and spinal cord parenchyma, manifesting as tabes dorsalis and general paresis. Tertiary...

disease that is supposed to be contagious, a cause in the spine. In the spinal column we will find a subluxation that corresponds to every type of disease...

shallow water. Abnormal movement of neck bones or pieces of bone can cause a spinal cord injury, resulting in loss of sensation, paralysis, or usually death...

Anterior spinal veins (also known as anterior coronal veins and anterior median spinal veins) are veins that receive blood from the anterior spinal cord....

neurological disorders that affect the structure or function of the brain or spinal cord, which collectively form the central nervous system (CNS). These disorders...

the motion of the spine in cases of bone fracture or in post-operative spinal fusiona, as well as a preventative measure against some progressive conditions...

articulated spine. Each intervertebral foramen gives passage to a spinal nerve and spinal blood vessels, and lodges a posterior (dorsal) root ganglion. Cervical...

head-first tackle that left him a paraplegic, after which he had to have spinal stabilization surgery and learn to walk again. After spending two seasons...

Root of spinal nerve may refer to: Dorsal root of spinal nerve Ventral root of spinal nerve This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the...

The spinal accessory nucleus lies within the cervical spinal cord (C1-C5) in the posterolateral aspect of the anterior horn. The nucleus ambiguus is classically...

horn), is a part of the spinal column. It forms the apex of the posterior grey column, one of three grey columns in the spinal cord. It is a v-shaped,...

but not the spinal cord, through the opening in the spinal canal. Myelomeningocele involves herniation of the meninges as well as the spinal cord through...

along on either side of the spinal cord. Afferent nerve cell bodies bring information from the body to the brain and spinal cord, while efferent nerve...

brain centers of lower neural pathways. It is the opposite of hyporeflexia. Spinal cord injury is the most common cause of hyperreflexia. Standard stimuli...

The spinal veins (veins of the medulla spinalis or veins of the spinal cord) are situated in the pia mater and form a minute, tortuous, venous plexus....

Jean-Martin Charcot. The name "multiple sclerosis" is short for multiple cerebro-spinal sclerosis, which refers to the numerous glial scars (or sclerae – essentially...

Jokela type spinal muscular atrophy (SMAJ), also known as late-onset spinal motor neuronopathy (LOSMoN), is an ultra-rare neuromuscular disorder characterized...

hyperreflexia. Most cases of AD occur in individuals with spinal cord injuries. Lesions at or above the T6 spinal cord level are more frequently reported, although...

cortical input to the corresponding spinal segment. This reflex is mediated by the S1 spinal segment of the spinal cord. Ankle of the patient is relaxed...

The sacral spinal nerve 4 (S4) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the 4th body of the sacrum S4 supplies...

spinal cord from the fourth ventricle, allowing for the flow of CSF to circulate. All of the ventricular system and the central canal of the spinal cord...

The sacral spinal nerve 5 (S5) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the 5th body of the sacrum. S5...

innermost layer of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Pia mater is medieval Latin meaning "tender mother". The other two...

Paralysis is most often caused by damage in the nervous system, especially the spinal cord. Other major causes are stroke, trauma with nerve injury, poliomyelitis...

motoneurons), are large, multipolar lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. They innervate extrafusal muscle fibers of skeletal muscle and are...

for conjoined twins. Each has a heart, stomach, spine, pair of lungs, and spinal cord. Each twin controls one arm and one leg. When they were infants, learning...

the truck. As a result of the crash, Hansen broke his back, sustained a spinal cord injury and became paralyzed from the waist down. Hansen is most famous...

the spinal cord below the thoracic spinal cord and above the sacral spinal cord. They arise from the spinal cord between each pair of lumbar spinal vertebrae...

located in the intermediolateral cell column (of the cornu laterale) at spinal cord segment (C8: Anatomic variation) T1-T2 It receives afferents from (the...

characterized by acute inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis, ON) and the spinal cord (myelitis). Episodes of ON and myelitis can be simultaneous or successive...

mat, with the other wrestler standing and facing them. It is a type of spinal lock where the wrestler hooks each of the opponent’s legs in one of their...

occurs at or near the root of the nerve, shortly after its exit from the spinal cord. However, the pain or other symptoms often radiate to the part of the...

acute inflammation in the brain Neurosyphilis, an infection in the brain or spinal cord AIDS, disease of the immune system Alcohol (partially reversible):...

pathways and maladaptive changes within the peripheral nervous system, spinal cord, and brain. Neuromas formed from injured nerve endings at the stump...

System) is a spinal implant designed to stabilize the lower spine and maintain range of motion following lumbar decompression surgery for spinal stenosis...

The marginal nucleus of spinal cord, posteromarginal nucleus, or spinal lamina 1 (Rexed lamina 1) is located at the most dorsal aspect of the posterior...

the discovery of anti-AQP4 auto-antibodies there are two kinds of Optic-Spinal MS (OSMS): Anti-AQP4 positive OSMS or Neuromyelitis optica Anti-AQP4 negative...

root of a spinal nerve, respectively. They supply the corresponding spinal cord segment as well as the anterior and posterior root of the spinal nerve and...

needed] Spinal or neurogenic claudication is not due to lack of blood supply, but rather it is caused by nerve root compression or stenosis of the spinal canal...

developed an innovative therapeutic approach potentially capable of reversing spinal cord injury. A researcher recognized in the fields of regenerative biology...

Mile at Auckland Domain, raising money for the New Zealand Spinal Trust and the Catwalk Spinal Cord Injury Trust. According to her Facebook page, she only...

travel via the ventral rami of the third (C3) and fourth (C4) cervical spinal nerves. Since it is a muscle of the upper limb, the trapezius is not innervated...

spoof rockumentary This Is Spinal Tap and subsequent productions. He is the bassist for mock British heavy metal group Spinal Tap, playing alongside guitarists...

may initially be asymptomatic, but will later often lead to back pain, spinal deformities, loss of height, and neurologic issues. Traumatic compression...

for the treatment of spinal disorders known as the Pauza Disc Treatment, which claims to repair re-grow discs without a spinal fusion. Pauza has treated...

The phrenic nerve is a mixed nerve that originates from the C3–C5 spinal nerves in the neck. The nerve is important for breathing because it provides exclusive...

X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2 (SMAX2, XLSMA), also known as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita X-linked type 1 (AMCX1), is a rare neurological...

muscle tissues. Central structures include cerebral cortex, brainstem, spinal cord, pyramidal system including the upper motor neurons, extrapyramidal...

the spinal cord sacral segments S2-S4. The absence of this reflex indicates that there is an interruption of the reflex arc, or damage to the spinal cord...

term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord. Often, syringomyelia is used as a generic term before an etiology...

spinal stenosis and herniated disks. MRI and CT scans are often used pre- and post surgery to determine if the procedure was successful. The spinal cord...

Funiculi in the spinal cord are columns of white matter. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior...

demonstrated that spinal manipulation, the main treatment method employed by chiropractors, was effective for any medical condition. Spinal manipulation,...

seasons. Janković's career ended in April 1993, when he sustained a severe spinal injury after ramming his own head against cement blocks in reaction to a...

injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord in an effort to improve spinal stenosis, spinal disc herniation, or both. It is of benefit with...

for less than 1% of intramedullary spinal cord tumours. It has been proposed that a possible 180 cases of spinal dermoid tumours have been identified...

procedures on spinal cord and spinal canal structures (03.31) Spinal tap Lumbar puncture for removal of dye (03.32) Biopsy of spinal cord or spinal meninges...

pressure to the neck and dislocating the spinal column from the skull or brain. The aim is to quickly separate the spinal cord from the brain so as to provide...

corticospinal tracts. The upper motor neuron descends in the spinal cord to the level of the appropriate spinal nerve root. At this point, the upper motor neuron...

also created miniaturized devices like the world's smallest pacemaker and spinal cord stimulator. Medtronic was founded in 1949 in Minneapolis by Earl Bakken...

rock band Spinal Tap, released on September 11, 2025, through Interscope Records. It serves as the soundtrack album to the 2025 film Spinal Tap II: The...

spinal cord, including the spinotectal tract. The spinomesencephalic tract is one of the ascending tracts in the anterolateral system of the spinal cord...

the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. It is derived from spinal nerves L4 to S3. It contains fibres from both the anterior and posterior...

Spinal Column is a 1968 sculpture by Alexander Calder. It was commissioned for the San Diego Museum of Art in 1968 and was displayed in the May S. Marcy...

back pain and spinal disorders. The term "skeletal traction" has been variously abbreviated as "sk. tx", "sk. trx" and "sk. tr." Spinal traction as a...

United Spinal Association is a nonprofit membership, disability-rights and veterans'-service organization, based in Queens, New York. It was formed in...

Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, also known as myelosis funiculus, or funicular myelosis, also Lichtheim's disease, and Putnam-Dana syndrome...

The National Center for Spinal Disorders is a hospital on Királyhágó Street in the 12th District of Budapest, Hungary, financed by the National Health...

Halo-gravity traction (HGT) is a type of traction device utilized to treat spinal deformities such as scoliosis, congenital spine deformities, cervical instability...

publications were primarily on the anatomical sources and causes of chronic spinal pain and headache, as well as the development of new diagnostic techniques...

The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum...

structures) collectively form the spinal canal (vertebral canal) which lodges the spinal cord and its meninges as well as spinal nerve roots and blood vessels...

rhythm, fast heart rhythm, curvature of the spine (scoliosis) related to spinal cord impairment, abnormal breathing such as in central sleep apnea, and...

believed the condition occurs by asymmetrical compression of the cervical spinal column by the cervical dural sac, especially when the neck is flexed. However...

facilities across North America. Children with orthopaedic conditions, burns, spinal cord injuries, and cleft lip and palate are eligible for care and receive...

is the neurological complex known as subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord. also myelosis funicularis, or funicular myelosis. This complex consists...

adolescents with learning disabilities, as well as disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and musculoskeletal system. The Institute provides services for children...

and tetraplegic. Williams set up the Catwalk Spinal Injury Trust to raise funds for research into spinal injury. Williams was born in 1970 or 1971, and...

the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neuropathic pain may occur in isolation or in combination with other...

citizenship in both the United States and Germany. In 2021, he suffered a spinal cord injury that left him paralyzed from the shoulders down. Shawn Bradley...

The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), or ventromedial nucleus of the spinal cord, is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of...

knee-jerk, is a stretch reflex which tests the L2, L3, and L4 segments of the spinal cord. Many animals, most significantly humans, have been seen to have the...

and third-degree burns, broken bones, shrapnel wounds, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, nerve damage, paralysis, loss of sight and hearing, post-traumatic...

Rocks EP while "Extra Dry" had appeared in Trax on da Rocks Vol. 2, and "Spinal Scratch" had been a non-album single. All music is composed by Bangalter...

SCI/D refers to anyone with a spinal cord injury or spinal cord disorder. The spinal cord can be damaged in many ways that can provide a variety of symptoms...

injury and compression of nearby structures, including the brain stem, spinal cord, vagus nerve, and vertebral artery, resulting in a constellation of...

The meningeal branches of the spinal nerves (also known as recurrent meningeal nerves, sinuvertebral nerves, or recurrent nerves of Luschka) are a number...

Space Quest 6: Roger Wilco in the Spinal Frontier is a point-and-click adventure game developed and published by Sierra On-Line in 1995. It is the sixth...

cerebellum created by the noose. Spinal cord injuries are known to be associated with priapism. Injuries to the cerebellum or spinal cord are often associated...

Parivartanasana (Sanskrit: जठर परिवर्तनासन), Revolved Abdomen pose, Belly twist, or Spinal twist is a reclining twist asana in modern yoga as exercise. The name is...

administration is a route of administration for drugs via an injection into the spinal canal, or into the subarachnoid space (sin. intrathecal space) so that it...

of both settlements. The hospital's National Spinal Injuries Centre is one of the largest specialist spinal units in the world, and the pioneering rehabilitation...

with quadriplegia to graduate as a doctor in Australia and the first with spinal cord injury. Palipana has been an advocate for medical students with disabilities...

1861 – 12 March 1949) was a German surgeon. He was the first to perform spinal anesthesia and intravenous regional anesthesia. Bier began his medical education...

by some populations of stem cells used to treat nerve damage including spinal cord injury. Mechanoreceptors can influence the output of nociceptors by...

withdrawal reflex (nociceptive flexion reflex or flexor withdrawal reflex) is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from damaging stimuli. The reflex rapidly...

ligaments are lateral projections of the spinal pia mater forming triangular-shaped ligaments that anchor the spinal cord along its length to the dura mater...

schwannoma Rhombencephalitis Intradural extramedullary tuberculoma of the spinal cord Cutaneous sensory disorder Beriberi Decompression sickness occurs during...

known for his work with Christopher Guest in his mockumentary films This Is Spinal Tap (1984), Waiting for Guffman (1996), Best in Show (2000), A Mighty Wind...

obesity, hydrocephalus, obstructive sleep apnea, middle ear infections or spinal stenosis may be required. Support groups exist for those with the condition...

"Spinal Menginitis (Got Me Down)" is notable for its dark subject matter and psychedelic arrangement. Its lyrics consist of a child sick with spinal meningitis...

or "peridural space". In humans the epidural space contains lymphatics, spinal nerve roots, loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, small arteries, dural...

early 1950s by Bror Rexed to label portions of the grey columns of the spinal cord. Similar to Brodmann areas, they are defined by their cellular structure...

Neurological conditions linked to RLS include Parkinson's disease, spinal cerebellar atrophy, spinal stenosis,[specify] lumbosacral radiculopathy and Charcot–Marie–Tooth...

The thoracic spinal nerve 4 (T4) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 4 (T4)...

high or strong degree. The phrase originates from the 1984 film This Is Spinal Tap, where guitarist Nigel Tufnel demonstrates a guitar amplifier whose...

Welsh former escapologist and daredevil, who retired after severing his spinal cord, amongst other severe injuries, during a 2021 stunt. Goodwin was born...

first thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1). This plexus extends from the spinal cord, through the cervicoaxillary canal in the neck, over the first rib...

consist of motor neurons and spinal interneurons and are located in the lower thoracic and lumbar regions of the vertebrate spinal cord, and in each neuromere...

breathing. The thoracic spinal nerve 5 (T5) passes inferior to it. The thoracic spinal nerve 6 (T6) passes inferior to it. The thoracic spinal nerve 7 (T7) passes...

Congenital distal spinal muscular atrophy (cDSMA), also known as distal hereditary motor neuropathy (or neuronopathy) type VIII (dHMN8), is a hereditary...

column for The Times' magazine, "Spinal Column", was about disability and her life as a disabled person. Her final "Spinal Column" was published in November...

demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating nerve root pain which...

Posterior spinal veins are small veins which receive blood from the dorsal spinal cord. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page...

especially in the thoracic region, may cause mechanical instability of the spinal column. Treatment depends on the degree of curve, location, and cause. The...

citation needed] Paralysis may be caused by injury to the spinal or peripheral nervous system after spinal cord injury, or by diseases such as spina bifida, poliomyelitis...

Gorp (1980), The Hollywood Knights (1980), Doctor Detroit (1983), This Is Spinal Tap (1984), and UHF (1989), and made guest appearances on several television...

vertebrobasilar vascular system, the vertebral arteries supply blood to the upper spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, and posterior part of brain. The vertebral...

The spinal root of accessory nerve (or part) is firm in texture, and its fibers arise from the motor cells in the lateral part of the anterior column of...

Data Scientific Reports Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy Spinal Cord Spinal Cord Series and Cases Translational Psychiatry Nature Reviews is a...

name "spinal muscular atrophy" is ambiguous as it refers to any of various spinal muscular atrophies, including the autosomal recessive spinal muscular...

nervous system. Parasympathetic branches extend from the sacral plexus of the spinal nerves into the arteries supplying the erectile tissue; upon stimulation...

the owner of a pool service company, was left with bone fragments in his spinal canal after Duntsch tried to pull a damaged disc out of his back with a...

The thoracic spinal nerve 10 (T10) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 10...

On either side of the posterior median sulcus of the spinal cord, and at a short distance from it, the posterior nerve roots are attached along a vertical...

The International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) was founded in 1961 as the International Medical Society of Paraplegia. It is an INGO, whose purpose is to...

spiking the brain, a thin needle or piece of wire is inserted into the spinal column's neural canal to prevent any further muscle movement. When a fish...

injury, they may have a cervical fracture. This makes them at high risk for spinal cord injury, which could be exacerbated by movement of the person and could...

and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease of the hip causes the victim to limp. The spinal form, Scheuermann's disease, may cause bending, or kyphosis of the upper...

physical exam, family history, MRI scanning of the brain and spine, and spinal tap. Many SCAs below fall under the category of polyglutamine diseases,...

(CSF)-filled lesions that most commonly develop in the sacral region of the spinal canal (S1–S5), and less frequently in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar...

descending reticular system, descending pathways (reticulospinal tracts) to the spinal cord. Due to its extent along the brainstem it may be divided into different...

astroglia, are characteristic star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord. They perform many functions, including biochemical control of endothelial...

agonist, similar to clonidine, that is used to treat muscle spasticity due to spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and spastic cerebral palsy. Effectiveness...

The cauda equina (from Latin tail of horse) is a bundle of spinal nerves and spinal nerve rootlets, consisting of the second through fifth lumbar nerve...

Strengthening spinal muscles is a crucial preventive measure. This is because the muscles in the back are essential when it comes to supporting the spinal column...

palsy, progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and monomelic amyotrophy (MMA), as well as some rarer...

implemented to permanently substitute impaired functions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), head injury, stroke and other neurological disorders...

nucleus) of the sacral spinal cord segments S2–S4, and their axons exit the vertebral column in the anterior rami of the corresponding spinal nerves before forming...

the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. The...

Spinal Cord Injuries Australia (SCIA) is an Australian non-government organisation providing advocacy and services to people with spinal cord injury (paraplegia...

was first reported among people who had spinal cord injuries. Although sexual function and sexuality after spinal cord injury are very often impacted, this...

focal neurological deficits or focal CNS signs, are impairments of nerve, spinal cord, or brain function that affects a specific region of the body, e.g...

Spinal enthesopathy is a form of enthesopathy affecting the spine. Ball, John (1 January 1983). "The Enthesopathy of Ankylosing Spondylitis". Rheumatology...

Minimally invasive thoracic spinal fusion is one of the approaches to scoliosis surgery. Instead of a vertical scar down the back or horizontal from the...

In the spinal cord, the most lateral of the bundles of the ventral nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral...

Allen Institute for Brain Science launched the online Allen Spinal Cord Atlas. The spinal cord atlas is an interactive, genome-wide map showing where...

The thoracic spinal nerve 9 (T9) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 9 (T9)...

abnormality that occurs in the neural pathway above the anterior horn cell of the spinal cord or motor nuclei of the cranial nerves. Conversely, a lower motor neuron...

vertebrae overlying the open portion of the spinal cord do not fully form and remain unfused and open, leaving the spinal cord exposed. Patients with rachischisis...

lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a...

extremities can occur with spinal cord involvement, and bowel, bladder, and sexual functioning can be affected if the lower part of the spinal cord is involved...

primarily affects the nervous system, causing progressive damage to the spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and cerebellum, leading to impaired muscle coordination...

activity Pain aggravated with lumbar hyperextension Difficulty in movement in spinal cord The cause of spondylolysis sometimes remains unknown, however many...

severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual's head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position. This extreme...

1992. In the episode, Bart wants to become a rock star after attending a Spın̈al Tap concert, so Homer and Marge buy him a guitar. He shows the guitar to...

cerebral cortex that terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord, controlling movements of the limbs and trunk. There are more than...

Surfer's myelopathy is a rare, nontraumatic spinal cord injury caused by hyperextension of the back and resulting in paraplegia (paralysis below the waist)...

lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. The ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central...

locomotor CPGs are organized in the lumbar and cervical segments of the spinal cord, and are used to control rhythmic muscle output in the arms and legs...

A syrinx is a rare, fluid-filled neuroglial cavity within the spinal cord (syringomyelia), in the brain stem (syringobulbia), or in the nerves of the elbow...

the brand name Zolgensma among others, is a gene therapy used to treat spinal muscular atrophy, a disease causing muscle function loss in children. It...

various levels of the spinal cord. They are located in the white columns (funiculi) of the spinal cord where the columns meet the spinal central gray. Shorter...

Non–medication based treatments include superficial heat, massage, acupuncture, or spinal manipulation. If these are not sufficiently effective, NSAIDs are recommended...

posterior stalk-like part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. In the human brain, the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the...

height of 8 feet (240 cm) or more. He suffered from severe, 2-dimensional spinal curvature (kyphoscoliosis) and acromegalic gigantism. He had a standing...

complication when a routine procedure led to internal bleeding around his spinal cord. The resulting pressure caused temporary paralysis and required urgent...

send signals to the spinal cord and then to the sensorial area in the brain. Motor neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord to control everything...

Intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage, also called Intraspinal hemorrhage) is the bleeding of spinal cord. Its presence indicates a spinal cord injury,...

for his role as the ill-fated drummer Mick Shrimpton in the film This Is Spinal Tap. Born in London in 1951, Parnell had a long family history of musical...

the ground. Foot drop can be caused by nerve damage alone or by muscle or spinal cord trauma, abnormal anatomy, toxins, or disease. Toxins include organophosphate...

Sulcus of spinal cord may refer to: Anterolateral sulcus of spinal cord Posterolateral sulcus of spinal cord Posterior median sulcus of spinal cord This...

quadriplegics due to spinal cord injury. They both stand using active standers. Bone mineral loss and osteoporosis are common consequences after spinal cord injury...

pathways. It can occur after damage to the central nervous system, such as spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. Low blood pressure occurs due to...

was initially developed with attention to children, but the correction of spinal and bone deformities in all stages of life eventually became the cornerstone...

resulting in fecal incontinence or constipation. It is common in people with spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS) or spina bifida. The gastrointestinal...

collections in the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis outside the spinal cord. They have connections with the spinal cord and ultimately the brain, however. Most commonly...

Reporter. Retrieved December 23, 2025. "'Spinal Tap II: The End Continues' Is a Shit Sandwich │ Exclaim!". 'Spinal Tap II: The End Continues' Is a Shit Sandwich...

Ramus of spinal nerve may refer to: Anterior ramus of spinal nerve Posterior ramus of spinal nerve This disambiguation page lists articles associated...

neuroglia of the spinal cord. The septum varies in depth from 4 to 6 mm, but diminishes considerably in the lower part of the spinal cord. This article...

spinal cord injury, brain injury, stroke, complex trauma and orthopedics and catastrophic injury care. The institute is home to the Center for Spinal...

Butterfly vertebra (also known as sagittal cleft vertebra) is a rare congenital spinal anomaly characterized by the presence of a sagittal cleft within a vertebral...

and MUA certified physicians. It aims to break up adhesions on and around spinal joints as the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and pelvic regions, or...

medical disorders affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord. Anterior horn diseases include spinal muscular atrophy, poliomyelitis and amyotrophic lateral...

neural control. Deafferentation involves transecting the dorsal roots of the spinal cord that innervate the animal's limbs, which impedes transmission of sensory...

cortex, corona radiata, or pons. Hemisection or partial lesions of the spinal cord produce dissociated sensory loss patterns; classically, Brown–Séquard...

the company that owned the domestic home video rights to Reiner's This Is Spinal Tap, The Sure Thing, and The Princess Bride, to join a five-year, eighteen-picture...

Leukoencephalopathy with Brainstem and Spinal Cord Involvement and Lactate Elevation (LBSL) is a rare, hereditary neurodegenerative disease. The disease...

brain, and spinal cord. The gold standard for diagnosis of a cranial cerebrospinal fluid leak is CT cisternography. For the diagnosis of a spinal CSF leak...

fingers reflexively grasp the object. Placement of the object triggers a spinal reflex, resulting from stimulation of tendons in the palm, that gets transmitted...

affected. It causes backache and spinal curvature. In very serious cases it may cause internal problems and spinal cord damage. The curvature of the...

precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated...

patterning many systems—including the anterior pituitary, pallium of the brain, spinal cord, lungs, teeth and the thalamus by the zona limitans intrathalamica...

tract and corticobulbar tracts) may directly innervate motor neurons of the spinal cord or brainstem (anterior (ventral) horn cells or certain cranial nerve...

non-opioid medications, physical therapy, and procedures) have been trialed. Spinal cord stimulation appears to be an effective therapy in the management of...

system. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms. Examples of symptoms...

muscular branches of the cervical plexus formed by branches of cervical spinal nerves C1-C3. The ansa cervicalis has two roots - a superior root (formed...

Brain Atlas, Mouse Connectivity Atlas, Non-Human Primate Atlas, and Mouse Spinal Cord Atlas.[citation needed] There are also three related projects with...

American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), formed in 1973, publishes the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury...

the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the upper cervical spinal cord. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top...

potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals to the spinal cord and the brain. The brain creates the sensation of pain to direct attention...

used to treat chronic muscle spasms and muscle spasticity, such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. It may also be used for hiccups and muscle...

directed by the sonic hedgehog (Shh) morphogen signaling pathway. In the spinal cord, Shh is directed by both the notochord and floor plate regions which...

catastrophic injury is a severe injury to the spine, spinal cord, or brain. It may also include skull or spinal fractures. This is a subset of the definition...

is a part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that links brain and spinal cord to skeletal muscles under conscious control, as well as to sensory...

rachis can refer to the series of articulated vertebrae, which encase the spinal cord. In this case the rachis usually forms the supporting axis of the body...

system, while the ejaculatory phase is under control of a spinal reflex at the level of the spinal nerves S2–4 via the pudendal nerve. A refractory period...

penile vibratory stimulation for semen retrieval in men with spinal cord injury". Spinal Cord. 55 (10): 921–925. doi:10.1038/sc.2017.60. ISSN 1362-4393...

such as laser or endoscopic diskectomy, intrathecal infusion pumps and spinal cord stimulators, for the diagnosis and management of chronic, persistent...

produce abnormal signal. Lumbar puncture (spinal tap), this helps determine via a test using the cerebral-spinal fluid, obtained from the lumbar region....

cerebral cortex and terminate either in the brainstem (corticobulbar) or spinal cord (corticospinal) and are involved in the control of motor functions...

veins and allowed for understanding of spinal cord arteriography. The same team reported the treatment of spinal cord AVMs by percutaneous embolization...

The National Spinal Cord Injury Association was a U.S. medical charity that stated its mission was to "is to provide active-lifestyle information, peer...

Moments", "Come Back", "Some Kinda Hate", "Theme for a Jackal", "Angelfuck", "Spinal Remains", and "She"), releasing these new versions on the 1985 Legacy of...

nerve fibers leave the sensory neuron from the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord, and motor commands carried by the efferent fibers leave the cord at...

physicians and allied health personnel, whose purpose is to "care for those with spinal deformity throughout life by patient care, education, research and patient...

Spasticity Spina bifida Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Spinal cord injury Spinal cord tumors Spinal muscular atrophy Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory...

spinal nerve root compression, which is associated with disc protrusion and femoral nerve injury. The femoral nerve stretch test can identify spinal nerve...

The Spinal Cord Perception is the first novel by Joshua S. Porter, better known by his stage name Josh Dies, the singer/songwriter for the band Showbread...

cells. Importantly, CSPGs are known to inhibit axon regeneration after spinal cord injury. CSPGs contribute to glial scar formation post injury, acting...

neurorehabilitation and research hospital in the western United States, specializing in spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation and research...

affected by spinal cord injuries displayed autophagia, by chewing their tails. Similarly, in a study conducted by Frost, patients affected by spinal cord injuries...

Life Rolls On Foundation, an organization that aims to help people with spinal cord injuries return to an active lifestyle. In 2006, as a result of her...

medium (e.g. iodised oil) to detect pathology of the spinal cord, including the location of a spinal cord injury, cysts, and tumors. Historically the procedure...

Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance, sometimes called lower extremity-predominant spinal muscular atrophy, may refer to: Spinal...

in pediatric cases the location is intracranial, while in adults it is spinal. The common location of intracranial ependymomas is the floor of the fourth...

ventilator for the rest of his life. After his accident, he lobbied for spinal injury research, including human embryonic stem cell research, and for better...

National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dickerman specializes in non-invasive spinal surgery and the treatment of brain tumors. He currently serves as director...

research on axon regeneration and the restoration of function following spinal cord injuries and visual pathway injuries. Additionally, his research aims...

such as protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the spinal cord), affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as...

in the surgical management of spinal cord injury and diseases, including spinal cord tumors, myelopathy, tethered spinal cords, Chiari 1 Malformation and...

unspecialized free nerve endings that have their cell bodies outside the spinal column in dorsal root ganglia. Others are specialised structures in the...

It is an example of a spinal lipoma, which is a collection of adipose tissue, or fat, that is located at or around the spinal cord. Essentially, it is...

Accessory nerve disorder is an injury to the spinal accessory nerve which results in diminished or absent function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and...

California, Los Angeles. She studies how the sensory interneurons in the spinal cord are first established during development and then connect to form circuits...

Central cord syndrome (CCS) is the most common form of cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). It is characterized by loss of power and sensation in arms and...

for its potential to cause severe and irreversible injuries, including spinal cord injury or even instant death. The term "rabbit punch" dates back to...

spinal movements may contribute to certain spinal changes, but further research with larger cohorts is necessary to fully understand long-term spinal...

on the studio floor, fracturing two cervical vertebrae and damaging his spinal cord. Koch survived after emergency surgery, but as of 2011 he is permanently...

A sacral dimple (also termed pilonidal dimple or spinal dimple) is a small depression in the skin, located just above the buttocks. The name comes from...

The Providence brace is a nighttime spinal orthosis for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The brace is used to curb the natural progression...

legs. Bleeding may be serious especially in those who are undergoing a spinal tap. Use during pregnancy appears to be safe for the fetus. Enoxaparin is...

of the meninges, a membrane covering the brain and spinal cord, in patients whose cerebral spinal fluid test result is negative with routine bacterial...

(proprioception), which requires healthy functioning of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord. The exam is based on the premise that a person requires at least two...

dermatome only specifies the area served by a spinal nerve. In some cases, the dermatome is less specific (when a spinal nerve is the source for more than one...

small occipital nerve) is a cutaneous spinal nerve of the cervical plexus. It arises from second cervical (spinal) nerve (C2) (along with the greater occipital...

Travis Roy Foundation, which gives grants to enhance the life of people with spinal cord injuries and for research. His autobiography, Eleven Seconds, was published...

type of neuroprosthesis used in patients with a spinal cord injury or to treat some forms of chronic spinal pain. More specifically, the root stimulator...

cases are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Exposure to brain or spinal tissue from an infected person may also result in spread. There is no evidence...

strongest flexor of the hip. The iliopsoas muscle is supplied by the lumbar spinal nerves L1–L3 (psoas) and parts of the femoral nerve (iliacus). The iliopsoas...

orthosis or CTLSO, is a back brace most often used in the treatment of spinal curvatures (such as scoliosis or kyphosis) in children but also, more rarely...

compress, invade or inflame parts of the nervous system (such as the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia or plexa), they can cause pain and other symptoms...

the central nervous system, such as spinal anaesthesia, caudal anaesthesia, epidural anaesthesia, and combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia. The technique...

lateral corticospinal tract in the lateral column of the spinal cord. It then decussates in the spinal cord and synapses at the anterior horn to the lower...

the spinal cord via Lissauer's tract and connect with spinal cord nerve fibers in the central gelatinous substance of the spinal cord. These spinal cord...

predisposition for spinal disease, and 20 some years of head banging will exact a toll. I've been diagnosed with an ugly case of cervical spinal stenosis and...

medications directly into the space between the spinal cord and the protective sheath surrounding the spinal cord. Medications such as baclofen, bupivacaine...

Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and has established an Endowed Chair of Spinal Surgery Research at Drexel University College of Medicine. He published...

this time accompanied by long time friend Craig Challen, Harris suffered spinal decompression sickness requiring treatment in a Johannesburg Hospital. In...

Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain, while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may...

autoimmunity. In the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and spinal cord, microglia are the resident innate immune cells that are activated...

nature of the impact on nerve tissue and of the mechanical impact on the spinal joints themselves.[citation needed] Structural instability may be experienced...

orthopaedic/neurosurgical surgical procedure for treating spinal stenosis by relieving pressure on the spinal cord. The main purpose of this procedure is to provide...

down the spinal cord to synapse onto the interneuron circuitry of the spinal cord and also directly onto the alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord which...

Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who revolutionised the treatment of people with spinal cord injury at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in the late 1940s. Guttmann began...

the upper part of the buttocks. They are the terminal ends of the L1-L3 spinal nerve dorsal rami lateral branches. They are one of three different types...

of the cortex, subcortex or spinal cord. The presence of myoclonus above the foramen magnum effectively excludes spinal myoclonus; further localisation...

elderly patients.[citation needed] Scoliosis refers to a form of abnormal spinal curvature in which the person's spine takes an S or C shape. Scoliosis has...

Hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is caused by a mutation...

(causing intra-spinal bleeding), or osseous expansion and extra-osseous extension into surround soft tissues or epidural region of the spinal canal. Vertebral...

nervous system: Spinal nerves innervate (distribute to/stimulate) much of the body, and connect through the vertebral column to the spinal cord and thus...

memories. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has an inhibitory effect on brain and spinal cord activity. GABA is an amino acid that is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter...

accessory nerve. The accessory nerve nucleus is in the anterior horn of the spinal cord around C1-C3, where lower motor neuron fibers mark its origin. The...

evaluation for the possibility of a spinal injury. In fact, it is safest to assume that trauma victims have a spinal injury until proven otherwise because:...

Königshütte, he encountered his first paraplegic patient, a coal miner with a spinal fracture who later died of sepsis. That same year, Guttmann passed his Abitur...

spinal nerves by way of rami communicantes. The sympathetic trunk permits preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system to ascend to spinal levels...

collided with the racetrack wall at 160 mph and he sustained a C-3/4/5 spinal cord injury. Following the accident, Sam Schmidt took the passion and commitment...

receptors activate peripheral sensory neurons that convey signals to the spinal cord that may drive a responsive reflex, and may also be conveyed to the...

class have a variety of different disabilities including quadriplegia from spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy and multiple amputations. Events this class...

some corticobulbar tracts, may directly innervate motor neurons of the spinal cord or brainstem. This is seen in anterior (ventral) horn cells or certain...

transverse process of the vertebra, and the flesh surrounding it is the spinal muscles. The small semicircle at the top of the 'T' is half of the vertebral...

hemiparaplegia spinalis, or spinal hemiparaplegia) is a neurological condition caused by damage to one half of the spinal cord. The condition presents...

vertebrae (the bones of the spinal column preceding the sacrum) and three sacral vertebrae, though the number of vertebrae in the spinal column is not absolutely...

(communicating) is the preganglionic sympathetic outflow nerve tract from the spinal cord. Each of the thoracic, and the first and second lumbar nerves contribute...

verifiably recover sensory and motor function after the complete severing of his spinal cord. Having been paralysed from the chest down in a knife attack in 2010...

Break Like the Wind is the second album by the comedy heavy metal band Spinal Tap. The songs include a range of genres, from the glam metal anthem "Bitch...

muscle of the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. It originates from the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae...

may be employed to treat erectile dysfunction or urinary troubles after a spinal cord injury. Penile erection depends on both psychogenic and mechanical...

intercourse, prolonged erection and time of ejaculation. For individuals with spinal cord injuries preventing sensations from reaching the brain, the frenulum...

With Two Brains (1983), and had a short scene in the mockumentary This Is Spinal Tap (1984), playing Tucker Smitty Brown, the awkward hotel desk clerk who...

French spinal surgeon. He has been described as a "pioneer" in the study of spinal deformities, "one of the greatest figures of French spinal surgery...

system is regulated by integrated reflexes through the brainstem to the spinal cord and organs. These functions include control of respiration, cardiac...

athletes with any qualifying type of disability, including leg amputees, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy. Athletes are classified in accordance...

as GABA. Because they may act at the level of the cortex, brain stem, or spinal cord, or all three areas, they have traditionally been referred to as "centrally...

interventional cardiologist. The procedure can be performed under general, regional (spinal or epidural) or even local anesthesia. Access to the patient's femoral arteries...

segregated into the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the connecting...

range of diseases or conditions can cause neurogenic bladder including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, brain injury, spina bifida, peripheral...

levels of the spinal cord. It is a component of the white anterior columns. The fibers are largely myelinated and run close to the spinal central gray...

absorption Infiltration Brachial plexus block Epidural block (extradural) Spinal anesthesia (subarachnoid block) Iontophoresis Diagnostic purposes (e.g....

commonly seen in the elderly. It is identified by an abnormal thoracolumbar spinal flexion, which is a forward bending of the lower joints of the spine, occurring...

central and peripheral nervous systems - including the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, and nerves. Neuroanatomy, like other aspects of anatomy, uses specific...

middleweight. The 2016 film Bleed for This is based on his comeback from a spinal injury. In 2022, he was inducted into the International Sports Hall of Fame...

caused by spinal cord injury or a congenital condition that affects the neural (brain) elements of the spinal canal. The area of the spinal canal that...

compartments, the neck houses the cervical vertebrae, the cervical portion of the spinal cord, upper parts of the respiratory and digestive tracts, endocrine glands...

system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system and sense organs. Sensory systems: visual...

afferent taste information and primary afferents from visceral organs The spinal trigeminal nucleus – receives information about deep/crude touch, pain,...

the energy used by the body. The spinal cord runs through most of the back. The spinal cord contains a total of 31 spinal nerves in between each vertebra...

stainless steel surgical device. Historically, this rod was implanted along the spinal column to treat, among other conditions, a lateral or coronal-plane curvature...

side that won the Four Nations title in 2006. In April 2017, Jackson had a spinal injury, a fractured C6/C7 joint dislocation, after diving into the shallow...

decapitation, or internal decapitation describes ligamentous separation of the spinal column from the skull base. It is possible for a human to survive such an...

adult rats with traumatic spinal cord damage, and clinical trials are currently being conducted to obtain more information on spinal cord injuries and other...

Spinel (/spɪˈnɛl, ˈspɪnəl/) is the magnesium/aluminium member of the larger spinel group of minerals. It has the formula MgAl 2O 4 in the cubic crystal...

Nusinersen, marketed as Spinraza, is a medication used in treating spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a rare neuromuscular disorder. In December 2016, it became...

other irritation of the nerve root (radiculopathy) at its connection to the spinal column. A common form of radiculitis is sciatica – radicular pain that radiates...

Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions, and its disorders. It...

Menlo Park, California, originally planned to enroll ten patients with spinal cord injuries to participate in the trial. The company hoped that GRNOPC1...