From approximately 70 CE to 450 CE, Fassuta was the site of a Jewish town called Mafsheta. [9]Mafsheta is associated with one of the twenty-four priestly divisions, as the residence of the priestly clan known as Harim.[10]
In 1517, Fassuta was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire. In the 1596 tax records it was part of the Nahiya of Akka of the Safad Sanjak and had a population of 12 Muslim households and 3 Muslim bachelors. The villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 20% on wheat, barley, fruit trees, and goats or beehives.[15]
In 1838 Fesutha was described as a Christian and Druze village in the El-Jebel district, west of Safed.[16]
In 1875, Victor Guérin found "twenty united Greek families" living in the village which had been built on an ancient site, of which there were many remains.[17]
In 1881, the PEF's "Survey of Western Palestine" (SWP) described Fassuta as "a village, built of stone, containing about 200 Christians, situated on ridge, with gardens of figs, olives, and arable land. There are two cisterns in the village, and a good spring near."[18]
According to a population list from 1887, there were 570 inhabitants.[19]
In the 1945 statistics Fassuta had 1,050 inhabitants.[23][24] The combined population of Fassuta, Al-Mansura and Dayr al-Qasi was 2,300, and their total land area was 34,011 dunums.[24][25] 1,607 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 6,475 used for cereals,[26] while 247 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[27]
Between 1922 and 1947, the population of Fassuta increased by 120%.[28]
Israel
At the end of October 1948, during Operation Hiram, the village was captured by the Israeli army. Most of the Muslims fled or were expelled but many Christians remained. In December 1949 the Israel Defense Forces devised a plan to create a 5–10 km Arab-free zone along the Lebanon border by ordering those who remained in Fassuta and five other villages to leave. However, the plan was rejected, [29]and the village remained under martial Law until 1966.
In April 2023, a resident of Fassuta was injured in a rocket attack from Lebanon attributed to the militant group Hamas.[30][31]
In 2022, the village had a population of 3,255 people, of which 99.7% of them were Arabs and the 0.3% were other ethnicities.[1] Fassuta does not have a Jewish population.[1]
Religion and culture
The Mar Elias Church in Fassuta celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2007. The church is named for Elias, the village's patron saint. A large statue of Elijah stands in the central square.[3]
Beit Rima is a center for culture, tourism and art established in a historic home in Fassuta.[33]
Archaeology
Winepress in Fassuta
In 1875, Victor Guérin found "numerous cisterns, a great reservoir, vestiges of many ruined houses, fine cut stones marking out floors, and a dozen of winepresses nearly perfect. These winepresses are all on the same model. Worked in the rock, they consisted of two compartments, one larger, in which the grapes were placed, and one smaller and lower down, in which the juice was received." In the church Guerin saw a Corinthian pillar, probably Byzantine, carved with a cross. Above the door was a frieze finely decorated with flowers and foliage.[34]
^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 40
^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 80
^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 130
^Transformation in Arab Settlement, Moshe Brawer, in The Land that Became Israel: Studies in Historical Geography, Ruth Kark (ed), Magnes Press, Jerusalem 1989, p.177
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