36th United States Congress
1859-1861 U.S. Congress
36th United States Congress Members 66 senators 238 representatives 5 non-voting delegates Senate majority Democratic (until February 4, 1861)Republican (from February 4, 1861)Senate President John C. Breckinridge (D)House majority Republican -led coalition House Speaker William Pennington (R)Special : March 4, 1859 – March 10, 18591st : December 5, 1859 – June 26, 1860Special : June 26, 1860 – June 28, 18602nd : December 3, 1860 – March 4, 1861
The 36th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives . It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861, during the third and fourth years of James Buchanan 's presidency . The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census . The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality.
Major events
June 8, 1859: Comstock Lode discovered in the western Utah Territory (present-day Nevada )
August 27, 1859: First oil well was drilled in the United States, near Titusville, Pennsylvania
October 16–18, 1859: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
December 2, 1859 John Brown executed.
December 5, 1859 – February 1, 1860: The election for the House speakership takes 44 ballots
April 3, 1860: Pony Express began its first run
April 23 – May 3, 1860: Democratic National Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina .[1] Unable to agree on a nominee, the delegates voted to reconvene in June.[2]
May 9, 1860: Constitutional Union Party National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland , nominating John Bell for president.[3]
May 18, 1860: Republican National Convention held in Chicago, Illinois , nominating Abraham Lincoln for president.
June 18–23, 1860: Democratic Party reconvened in Baltimore, Maryland , nominating Stephen A. Douglas for president.[2]
June 26–28, 1860: Southern Democrats held a convention in Richmond, Virginia , nominating John C. Breckinridge for president.[2]
November 6, 1860: U.S. presidential election : Abraham Lincoln beat John C. Breckinridge , Stephen A. Douglas , and John Bell .
December 20, 1860: South Carolina Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [4] [5]
January 3, 1861: Delaware Secession Convention voted not to secede from the Union[6]
January 9, 1861: Mississippi Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [7] [5]
January 10, 1861: Florida Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [8] [5]
January 11, 1861: Alabama Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [9] [5]
January 18, 1861: Georgia Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [10] [5]
January 26, 1861: Louisiana Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [11] [5]
January 29, 1861. Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state.
February 1, 1861: Texas Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession [12] [5]
February 13, 1861: Joint Session of Congress certified the election of President Abraham Lincoln and Vice President Hannibal Hamlin .[13]
February 23, 1861: The people of Texas ratified its Ordinance of Secession [12] President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. after an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland .
Major legislation
Constitutional amendments
Treaties
States admitted and territories organized
January 29, 1861: Kansas admitted as a state, ch. 20, 12 Stat. 126
February 28, 1861: Colorado Territory organized, ch. 59, 12 Stat. 172
March 2, 1861: Nevada Territory organized, ch. 83, 12 Stat. 209
March 2, 1861: Dakota Territory organized, ch. 86, 12 Stat. 239
Party summary
Senate membership
Begin (March 4, 1859)
End (March 3, 1861)
House membership
Begin (March 4, 1859)
End (March 3, 1861)
Senate
House of Representatives
Leadership
President of the SenateJohn C. Breckinridge
Senate
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Skip to House of Representatives , below
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
▌ 2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 2. William K. Sebastian (D)
▌ 3. Robert W. Johnson (D)
▌ 1. David C. Broderick (D), until September 16, 1859
▌ Henry P. Haun (D), November 3, 1859 – March 4, 1860
▌ Milton Latham (D), from March 5, 1860
▌ 3. William M. Gwin (D)
▌ 1. James Dixon (R)
▌ 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)
▌ 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D)
▌ 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)
▌ 1. Stephen Mallory (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 3. David Levy Yulee (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 2. Robert Toombs (D), until February 4, 1861
▌ 3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D), until January 28, 1861
▌ 2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)
▌ 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)
▌ 1. Jesse D. Bright (D)
▌ 3. Graham N. Fitch (D)
▌ 2. James W. Grimes (R)
▌ 3. James Harlan (R)
2. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
3. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
▌ 2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)
▌ 3. John J. Crittenden (A)
▌ 2. Judah P. Benjamin (D), until February 4, 1861
▌ 3. John Slidell (D), until February 4, 1861
▌ 1. Hannibal Hamlin (R), until January 17, 1861
▌ Lot M. Morrill (R), from January 17, 1861
▌ 2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)
▌ 1. Anthony Kennedy (A)
▌ 3. James A. Pearce (D)
▌ 1. Charles Sumner (R)
▌ 2. Henry Wilson (R)
▌ 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
▌ 2. Kinsley S. Bingham (R)
▌ 1. Henry M. Rice (D)
▌ 2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)
▌ 1. Jefferson Davis (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 2. Albert G. Brown (D), until January 12, 1861
▌ 1. Trusten Polk (D)
▌ 3. James S. Green (D)
▌ 2. John P. Hale (R)
▌ 3. Daniel Clark (R)
▌ 1. John R. Thomson (D)
▌ 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)
▌ 1. Preston King (R)
▌ 3. William H. Seward (R)
▌ 2. Thomas Bragg (D)
▌ 3. Thomas L. Clingman (D)
▌ 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
▌ 3. George E. Pugh (D)
▌ 2. Edward D. Baker (R), from October 2, 1860
▌ 3. Joseph Lane (D)
▌ 1. Simon Cameron (R)
▌ 3. William Bigler (D)
▌ 1. James F. Simmons (R)
▌ 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)
▌ 2. James Chesnut Jr. (D), until November 10, 1860
▌ 3. James H. Hammond (D), until November 11, 1860
▌ 1. Andrew Johnson (D)
▌ 2. Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D), until March 3, 1861
▌ 1. Matthias Ward (D), until December 5, 1859
▌ Louis Wigfall (D), from December 5, 1859
▌ 2. John Hemphill (D)
▌ 1. Solomon Foot (R)
▌ 3. Jacob Collamer (R)
▌ 1. James M. Mason (D)
▌ 2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)
▌ 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
▌ 3. Charles Durkee (R)
Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 36th Congress in March 1859. The green stripes represent Know-Nothings . 2 Democrats
1 Democrat and 1 Republican
2 Republicans
President pro temporeBenjamin Fitzpatrick , until February 26, 1860 June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860
President pro temporeJesse D. Bright , June 12, 1860 – June 13, 1860
President pro temporeSolomon Foot , from February 16, 1861
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
▌ 1 . James A. Stallworth (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 2 . James L. Pugh (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 3 . David Clopton (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 4 . Sydenham Moore (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 5 . George S. Houston (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 6 . Williamson R. W. Cobb (D), until January 30, 1861
▌ 7 . Jabez L. M. Curry (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 1 . Thomas C. Hindman (D)
▌ 2 . Albert Rust (D)
▌ At-large . John C. Burch (D)
▌ At-large . Charles L. Scott (D)
▌ 1 . Dwight Loomis (R)
▌ 2 . John Woodruff (R)
▌ 3 . Alfred A. Burnham (R)
▌ 4 . Orris S. Ferry (R)
▌ At-large . William G. Whiteley (D)
▌ At-large . George S. Hawkins (D), until January 21, 1861
▌ 1 . Peter E. Love (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 2 . Martin J. Crawford (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 3 . Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O), until January 23, 1861
▌ 4 . Lucius J. Gartrell (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 5 . John W. H. Underwood (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 6 . James Jackson (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 7 . Joshua Hill (O), until January 23, 1861
▌ 8 . John J. Jones (D), until January 23, 1861
▌ 1 . Elihu B. Washburne (R)
▌ 2 . John F. Farnsworth (R)
▌ 3 . Owen Lovejoy (R)
▌ 4 . William Kellogg (R)
▌ 5 . Isaac N. Morris (D)
▌ 6 . John A. McClernand (D), from November 8, 1859
▌ 7 . James C. Robinson (D)
▌ 8 . Philip B. Fouke (D)
▌ 9 . John A. Logan (D)
▌ 1 . William E. Niblack (D)
▌ 2 . William H. English (D)
▌ 3 . William McKee Dunn (R)
▌ 4 . William S. Holman (D)
▌ 5 . David Kilgore (R)
▌ 6 . Albert G. Porter (R)
▌ 7 . John G. Davis (ALD)
▌ 8 . James Wilson (R)
▌ 9 . Schuyler Colfax (R)
▌ 10 . Charles Case (R)
▌ 11 . John U. Pettit (R)
▌ 1 . Samuel Curtis (R)
▌ 2 . William Vandever (R)
▌ At-large . Martin F. Conway (R), from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
▌ 1 . Henry C. Burnett (D)
▌ 2 . Samuel O. Peyton (D)
▌ 3 . Francis Bristow (O)
▌ 4 . William C. Anderson (O)
▌ 5 . John Y. Brown (D), from December 3, 1860
▌ 6 . Green Adams (O)
▌ 7 . Robert Mallory (O)
▌ 8 . William E. Simms (D)
▌ 9 . Laban T. Moore (O)
▌ 10 . John W. Stevenson (D)
▌ 1 . John E. Bouligny (A)
▌ 2 . Miles Taylor (D), until February 5, 1861
▌ 3 . Thomas G. Davidson (D)
▌ 4 . John M. Landrum (D)
▌ 1 . Daniel E. Somes (R)
▌ 2 . John J. Perry (R)
▌ 3 . Ezra B. French (R)
▌ 4 . Freeman H. Morse (R)
▌ 5 . Israel Washburn Jr. (R), until January 1, 1861
▌ Stephen Coburn (R), from January 2, 1861
▌ 6 . Stephen C. Foster (R)
▌ 1 . James A. Stewart (D)
▌ 2 . Edwin H. Webster (A)
▌ 3 . J. Morrison Harris (A)
▌ 4 . Henry Winter Davis (A)
▌ 5 . Jacob M. Kunkel (D)
▌ 6 . George W. Hughes (D)
▌ 1 . Thomas D. Eliot (R)
▌ 2 . James Buffington (R)
▌ 3 . Charles F. Adams Sr. (R)
▌ 4 . Alexander H. Rice (R)
▌ 5 . Anson Burlingame (R)
▌ 6 . John B. Alley (R)
▌ 7 . Daniel W. Gooch (R)
▌ 8 . Charles R. Train (R)
▌ 9 . Eli Thayer (R)
▌ 10 . Charles Delano (R)
▌ 11 . Henry L. Dawes (R)
▌ 1 . George B. Cooper (D), until May 15, 1860
▌ William A. Howard (R), from May 15, 1860
▌ 2 . Henry Waldron (R)
▌ 3 . Francis W. Kellogg (R)
▌ 4 . Dewitt C. Leach (R)
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket . (2 Republicans)
▌ At-large . Cyrus Aldrich (R)
▌ At-large . William Windom (R)
▌ 1 . Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D), until December 20, 1860
▌ 2 . Reuben Davis (D), until January 12, 1861
▌ 3 . William Barksdale (D), until January 12, 1861
▌ 4 . Otho R. Singleton (D), until January 12, 1861
▌ 5 . John J. McRae (D), until January 12, 1861
▌ 1 . John R. Barret (D), until June 8, 1860
▌ Francis P. Blair Jr. (R), June 8, 1860 – June 25, 1860
▌ John R. Barret (D), from December 3, 1860
▌ 2 . Thomas L. Anderson (ID)
▌ 3 . John B. Clark (D)
▌ 4 . James Craig (D)
▌ 5 . Samuel H. Woodson (A)
▌ 6 . John S. Phelps (D)
▌ 7 . John W. Noell (D)
▌ 1 . Gilman Marston (R)
▌ 2 . Mason Tappan (R)
▌ 3 . Thomas M. Edwards (R)
▌ 1 . John T. Nixon (R)
▌ 2 . John L. N. Stratton (R)
▌ 3 . Garnett Adrain (ALD)
▌ 4 . Jetur R. Riggs (ALD)
▌ 5 . William Pennington (R)
▌ 1 . Luther C. Carter (R)
▌ 2 . James Humphrey (R)
▌ 3 . Daniel Sickles (D)
▌ 4 . Thomas J. Barr (ID)
▌ 5 . William B. Maclay (D)
▌ 6 . John Cochrane (D)
▌ 7 . George Briggs (R)
▌ 8 . Horace F. Clark (ALD)
▌ 9 . John B. Haskin (ALD)
▌ 10 . Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
▌ 11 . William S. Kenyon (R)
▌ 12 . Charles L. Beale (R)
▌ 13 . Abram B. Olin (R)
▌ 14 . John H. Reynolds (ALD)
▌ 15 . James B. McKean (R)
▌ 16 . George W. Palmer (R)
▌ 17 . Francis E. Spinner (R)
▌ 18 . Clark B. Cochrane (R)
▌ 19 . James H. Graham (R)
▌ 20 . Roscoe Conkling (R)
▌ 21 . R. Holland Duell (R)
▌ 22 . M. Lindley Lee (R)
▌ 23 . Charles B. Hoard (R)
▌ 24 . Charles B. Sedgwick (R)
▌ 25 . Martin Butterfield (R)
▌ 26 . Emory B. Pottle (R)
▌ 27 . Alfred Wells (R)
▌ 28 . William Irvine (R)
▌ 29 . Alfred Ely (R)
▌ 30 . Augustus Frank (R)
▌ 31 . Silas M. Burroughs (R), until June 3, 1860
▌ Edwin R. Reynolds (R), from December 5, 1860
▌ 32 . Elbridge G. Spaulding (R)
▌ 33 . Reuben Fenton (R)
▌ 1 . William N. H. Smith (O)
▌ 2 . Thomas Ruffin (D)
▌ 3 . Warren Winslow (D)
▌ 4 . Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (D)
▌ 5 . John Gilmer (O)
▌ 6 . James M. Leach (O)
▌ 7 . F. Burton Craige (D)
▌ 8 . Zebulon Vance (O)
▌ 1 . George H. Pendleton (D)
▌ 2 . John A. Gurley (R)
▌ 3 . Clement Vallandigham (D)
▌ 4 . William Allen (D)
▌ 5 . James M. Ashley (R)
▌ 6 . William Howard (D)
▌ 7 . Thomas Corwin (R)
▌ 8 . Benjamin Stanton (R)
▌ 9 . John Carey (R)
▌ 10 . Carey A. Trimble (R)
▌ 11 . Charles D. Martin (D)
▌ 12 . Samuel S. Cox (D)
▌ 13 . John Sherman (R)
▌ 14 . Cyrus Spink (R), until May 31, 1859
▌ Harrison G. O. Blake (R), from October 11, 1859
▌ 15 . William Helmick (R)
▌ 16 . Cydnor B. Tompkins (R)
▌ 17 . Thomas C. Theaker (R)
▌ 18 . Sidney Edgerton (R)
▌ 19 . Edward Wade (R)
▌ 20 . John Hutchins (R)
▌ 21 . John Bingham (R)
▌ At-large . Lansing Stout (D)
▌ 1 . Thomas B. Florence (D)
▌ 2 . Edward Joy Morris (R)
▌ 3 . John P. Verree (R)
▌ 4 . William Millward (R)
▌ 5 . John Wood (R)
▌ 6 . John Hickman (ALD)
▌ 7 . Henry C. Longnecker (R)
▌ 8 . John Schwartz (ALD), until June 20, 1860
▌ Jacob K. McKenty (D), from December 3, 1860
▌ 9 . Thaddeus Stevens (R)
▌ 10 . John W. Killinger (R)
▌ 11 . James H. Campbell (R)
▌ 12 . George W. Scranton (R)
▌ 13 . William H. Dimmick (D)
▌ 14 . Galusha A. Grow (R)
▌ 15 . James T. Hale (R)
▌ 16 . Benjamin F. Junkin (R)
▌ 17 . Edward McPherson (R)
▌ 18 . Samuel S. Blair (R)
▌ 19 . John Covode (R)
▌ 20 . William Montgomery (D)
▌ 21 . James K. Moorhead (R)
▌ 22 . Robert McKnight (R)
▌ 23 . William Stewart (R)
▌ 24 . Chapin Hall (R)
▌ 25 . Elijah Babbitt (R)
▌ 1 . Christopher Robinson (R)
▌ 2 . William D. Brayton (R)
▌ 1 . John McQueen (D), until December 21, 1860
▌ 2 . William P. Miles (D), until December 21, 1860
▌ 3 . Laurence M. Keitt (D), until December 1860
▌ 4 . Milledge L. Bonham (D), until December 21, 1860
▌ 5 . John D. Ashmore (D), until December 21, 1860
▌ 6 . William W. Boyce (D), until December 21, 1860
▌ 1 . Thomas A. R. Nelson (O)
▌ 2 . Horace Maynard (O)
▌ 3 . Reese B. Brabson (O)
▌ 4 . William B. Stokes (O)
▌ 5 . Robert H. Hatton (O)
▌ 6 . James H. Thomas (D)
▌ 7 . John V. Wright (D)
▌ 8 . James M. Quarles (O)
▌ 9 . Emerson Etheridge (O)
▌ 10 . William T. Avery (D)
▌ 1 . John H. Reagan (D)
▌ 2 . Andrew J. Hamilton (ID)
▌ 1 . Eliakim P. Walton (R)
▌ 2 . Justin S. Morrill (R)
▌ 3 . Homer E. Royce (R)
▌ 1 . Muscoe R. H. Garnett (D)
▌ 2 . John S. Millson (D)
▌ 3 . Daniel C. De Jarnette (ID)
▌ 4 . William Goode (D), until July 3, 1859
▌ Roger A. Pryor (D), from December 7, 1859
▌ 5 . Thomas S. Bocock (D)
▌ 6 . Shelton Leake (ID)
▌ 7 . William Smith (D)
▌ 8 . Alexander Boteler (O)
▌ 9 . John T. Harris (ID)
▌ 10 . Sherrard Clemens (D)
▌ 11 . Albert G. Jenkins (D)
▌ 12 . Henry A. Edmundson (D)
▌ 13 . Elbert S. Martin (ID)
▌ 1 . John F. Potter (R)
▌ 2 . Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)
▌ 3 . Charles H. Larrabee (D)
Non-voting members
▌ Kansas Territory . Marcus J. Parrott (R), until January 29, 1861
▌ Nebraska Territory . Experience Estabrook , until May 18, 1860
▌ Samuel G. Daily (R), from May 18, 1860
▌ New Mexico Territory . Miguel A. Otero (D)
▌ Utah Territory . William H. Hooper (D)
▌ Washington Territory . Isaac Stevens (D)
House seats by party holding plurality in state 80+% to 100% Democratic
80+% to 100% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic
60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic
Up to 60% Republican
Speaker of the HouseWilliam Pennington
Group photo of the U.S. House of Representatives, in 1860, during this Congress.
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
Replacements: 4
Deaths: 1
Resignations: 1
Interim appointments: 1
Withdrawals: 13
Total seats with changes: 16
Senate changes
State (class)
Vacated by
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's formal installation[c]
Oregon (2)
Vacant
Successor elected late due to legislature's failure to elect.
Edward D. Baker (R)
October 2, 1860
California (1)
David C. Broderick (D)
Died September 16, 1859, after taking part in a duel he participated in, which he was unlucky. Interim successor was appointed to continue the term.
Henry P. Haun (D)
November 3, 1859
Texas (1)
Matthias Ward (D)
Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term Successor elected December 5, 1859.
Louis Wigfall (D)
December 5, 1859
California (1)
Henry P. Haun (D)
Interim appointee lost election to finish the term Successor elected March 5, 1860.
Milton Latham (D)
March 5, 1860
South Carolina (2)
James Chesnut Jr. (D)
Withdrew November 10, 1860.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
South Carolina (3)
James H. Hammond (D)
Withdrew November 11, 1860.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Mississippi (2)
Albert G. Brown (D)
Withdrew January 12, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Maine (1)
Hannibal Hamlin (R)
Resigned January 17, 1861, to become Vice President of the United States . Successor elected January 17, 1861.
Lot M. Morrill (R)
January 17, 1861
Alabama (3)
Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Alabama (2)
Clement C. Clay (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Florida (1)
Stephen Mallory (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Florida (3)
David L. Yulee (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Mississippi (1)
Jefferson Davis (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Georgia (3)
Alfred Iverson Sr. (D)
Withdrew January 28, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Kansas (2)
New seat
New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Kansas (3)
New seat
New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Georgia (2)
Robert Toombs (D)
Withdrew February 4, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Louisiana (2)
Judah P. Benjamin (D)
Withdrew February 4, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Louisiana (3)
John Slidell (D)
Withdrew February 4, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
Tennessee (2)
Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D)
Withdrew March 3, 1861.
Vacant
Not filled this Congress
House of Representatives
Replacements: 7
Deaths: 4
Resignations: 3
Contested election: 1
Withdrawals: 28
Total seats with changes: 41
House changes
District
Vacated by
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's formal installation[c]
Illinois 6th
Vacant
Vacancy in term
John A. McClernand (D)
Seated November 8, 1859
Kentucky 5th
Vacant
Brown could not take seat because he had not yet attained age required by the US Constitution
John Y. Brown (D)
Seated December 3, 1860
Ohio 14th
Cyrus Spink (R)
Died May 31, 1859
Harrison G. O. Blake (R)
Seated October 11, 1859
Virginia 4th
William Goode (D)
Died July 3, 1859
Roger A. Pryor (D)
Seated December 7, 1859
Michigan 1st
George B. Cooper (D)
Lost contested election May 15, 1860
Francis P. Blair Jr. (R)
Seated May 15, 1860
Nebraska Territory At-large
Experience Estabrook
Lost contested election May 18, 1860
Samuel G. Daily (R)
Seated May 18, 1860
New York 31st
Silas M. Burroughs (R)
Died June 3, 1860
Edwin R. Reynolds (R)
Seated December 5, 1860
Missouri 1st
John R. Barret (D)
Lost contested election June 8, 1860
William A. Howard (R)
Seated June 8, 1860
Pennsylvania 8th
John Schwartz (ALD)
Died June 20, 1860
Jacob K. McKenty (D)
Seated December 3, 1860
Missouri 1st
William A. Howard (R)
Resigned June 25, 1860
John R. Barret (D)
Seated December 3, 1860
Mississippi 1st
Lucius Q. C. Lamar II (D)
Retired December ???, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 3rd
Laurence M. Keitt (D)
Retired December ???, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 1st
John McQueen (D)
Retired December 21, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 2nd
William P. Miles (D)
Retired December 21, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 4th
Milledge L. Bonham (D)
Retired December 21, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 5th
John D. Ashmore (D)
Retired December 21, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
South Carolina 6th
William W. Boyce (D)
Retired December 21, 1860
Vacant
Not filled this term
Maine 5th
Israel Washburn Jr. (R)
Resigned January 1, 1861, after being elected Governor of Maine
Stephen Coburn (R)
Seated January 2, 1861
Mississippi 2nd
Reuben Davis (D)
Withdrew January 12, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Mississippi 3rd
William Barksdale (D)
Withdrew January 12, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Mississippi 4th
Otho R. Singleton (D)
Withdrew January 12, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Mississippi 5th
John J. McRae (D)
Withdrew January 12, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 1st
James A. Stallworth (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 2nd
James L. Pugh (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 3rd
David Clopton (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 4th
Sydenham Moore (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 5th
George S. Houston (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Alabama 7th
Jabez L. M. Curry (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Florida At-large
George S. Hawkins (D)
Withdrew January 21, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 1st
Peter E. Love (D)
Retired January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 2nd
Martin J. Crawford (D)
Withdrew January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 3rd
Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O)
Withdrew January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 4th
Lucius J. Gartrell (D)
Retired January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 5th
John W. H. Underwood (D)
Withdrew January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 6th
James Jackson (D)
Retired January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 7th
Joshua Hill (O)
Resigned January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Georgia 8th
John J. Jones (D)
Withdrew January 23, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Kansas Territory At-large
Marcus J. Parrott (R)
Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Seat eliminated
Kansas At-large
New Seat
Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Martin F. Conway (R)
Seated January 29, 1861
Alabama 6th
Williamson R. W. Cobb (D)
Withdrew January 30, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Louisiana 2nd
Miles Taylor (D)
Withdrew February 5, 1861
Vacant
Not filled this term
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
House of Representatives
Joint committees
Caucuses
Employees
Senate
House of Representatives
See also
Notes
References
^ "1860 Democratic Convention Number 1 - Charleston, South Carolina" . Usgovinfo.about.com. June 19, 2010. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ a b c "1860 Democratic National Convention" . Blueandgraytrail.com. August 19, 2006. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Constitutional Union party Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Constitutional Union party" . Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Ordinance of Secession of South Carolina" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on April 24, 2002. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ a b c d e f g
Hart, Albert Bushnell; Channing, Edward, eds. (November 1893). Ordinances of Secession and Other Documents. 1860-1861 . American History Leaflets Colonial and Constitutional. Vol. 12. New York: A. Lovell & Company. OCLC 7759360 . Retrieved November 15, 2017 . Alt URL
^ "The Delaware Legislature.; Reception Of The Secession Commissioner From Mississippi" . The New York Times . January 4, 1861.
^ "Ordinance of Secession of Mississippi" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Ordinance of Secession of Florida" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Ordinance of Secession of Alabama" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on January 15, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Ordinance of Secession of Georgia" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Ordinance of Secession of Louisiana" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ a b "Ordinance of Secession of Texas" . Csawardept.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
^ "Historical Highlights: Session to Count 1860 Electoral College Votes" . United States House of Representatives History, Art & Archives . Retrieved January 3, 2023 .
^ Shafer, Ronald G. (December 30, 2012). "When the House needed two months and 133 votes to elect a speaker" . The Washington Post . ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved January 3, 2023 .
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Hart, Albert Bushnell; Channing, Edward, eds. (November 1893). Ordinances of Secession and Other Documents. 1860-1861 . American History Leaflets Colonial and Constitutional. Vol. 12. New York: A. Lovell & Company. OCLC 7759360 . Retrieved November 15, 2017 . Alt URL
External links