Idrocarbur
Los idrocarburs son de compausats quimics formats unicament de carbòni e d'idrogèn. Consistisson en una basa de carbòni que s'i unisson de atòms d'idrogèn. Forman l'esqueleta de la matèria organica.
Existisson tres tipes basics d'idrocarburs:
- Idrocarburs saturats, qu'an pas de ligams dobles, triples, ni aromatics. Per exemple los alcans.
- Idrocarburs insaturats, qu'an un o mai d'un ligams dobles o triples entre los seus atòms de carbòni. Per exemple los alquens e los alquins.
- Idrocarburs aromatics, que possedisson almens un anèl aromatic en mai d'autres tipes de ligams. Per exemple lo benzèn.
Los idrocarburs extraches dirèctament de formacions geologicas en estat liquid pòrtan lo nom de petròli, e los que se tròban en estat gasós forman lo gas natural.
Los idrocarburs constituisson una activitat economica de primièra importància, pr'amor que forman los principals combustibles fossils (petròli e gas natural), aital coma tota mena de plastics, ceras e lubrificants.
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