Genus of bees
Sphecodes cuckoo bees from the family Halictidae , the majority of which are black and red in colour and are colloquially known as blood bees .[ 1] Sphecodes bees are kleptoparasitic on other bees, especially bees in the genera Lasioglossum Halictus Andrena [ 2]
Distribution
Sphecodes is a cosmopolitan genus with species represented on every continent.[ 2] [ 3] [ 2] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6] Sphecodes albilabris [ 2]
Species
There are over 300 known species in the genus Sphecodes .[ 7] [ 8] [ 4] [ 9] [ 2]
Sphecodes abuensis Nurse , 1903Sphecodes abyssinicus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes aeneiceps Friese, 1917 Sphecodes aino Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes akitanus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes albifrons Smith, 1879 Sphecodes albilabris (Fabricius , 1793) Sphecodes albociliatus Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes algoensis Blüthgen , 1928Sphecodes alternatus Smith , 1853Sphecodes amakusensis Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1951 Sphecodes anatolicus Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes andinus Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes angarensis Cockerell , 1937Sphecodes anonymus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes antennariae Robertson, 1891 Sphecodes apicatus Smith, 1853 Sphecodes arequipae Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes argentinus Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes armeniacus Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes arnoldi Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes aroniae Mitchell, 1960 Sphecodes arroyanus Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes arvensiformis Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes asclepiadis Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes aspericollis Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes assamensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes atlanticus Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes atlantis Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes atriapicatus Strand, 1912 Sphecodes autumnalis Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes awaensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes bakeri Cockerell, 1915 Sphecodes banaszaki Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes banksii Lovell, 1909 Sphecodes baratonis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes barbatus Blüthgen, 1923 Sphecodes basalis Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes binghami Blüthgen, 1924 [ 6] Sphecodes biroi Friese, 1909 Sphecodes bischoffi Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes bogotensis Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes bonaerensis Holmberg, 1886 Sphecodes borealis Cockerell, 1937 Sphecodes brachycephalus Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes brasiliensis Schrottky, 1910 Sphecodes braunsi Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes breviclypeatus Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes bruchi Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes brunneipes Friese, 1914 [ 6] Sphecodes californicus Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes campadellii Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes candidus Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes capensis Cameron, 1905 Sphecodes capriciosus Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes capverdensis Pauly & LaRoche, 2002 Sphecodes carolinus Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes castaneae Mitchell, 1960 Sphecodes centralis Cockerell, 1938 Sphecodes cephalotes Meyer, 1920 Sphecodes chaprensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes chibaensis Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes chichibuensis Tsuneki, 1986 Sphecodes chichibuus Tsuneki, 1986 Sphecodes chilensis Spinola , 1851Sphecodes clematidis Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes clypeatus Friese, 1917 Sphecodes columbiae Cockerell, 1906 Sphecodes combai Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes confertus Say, 1837 Sphecodes confusus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes congoensis (Benoist, 1950) Sphecodes connexus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes convergens Michener, 1978 Sphecodes convergens Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes coptis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes cordillerensis Jörgensen, 1912 Sphecodes cordovensis (Cockerell, 1919) Sphecodes coriae Moure & Hurd, 1987 Sphecodes coronus Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes costaricensis Friese, 1917 Sphecodes crassanus Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes crassicornis Smith, 1879 Sphecodes crassus Thomson , 1870Sphecodes crawfordi Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes cressonii (Robertson, 1903) Sphecodes cristatus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes croaticus Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes daishi Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes dathei Schwarz, 2010 [ 5] Sphecodes davisii Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes decorus (Cameron, 1897) Sphecodes dichrous Smith, 1853 Sphecodes dilutus Cockerell, 1936 Sphecodes diremptus Cockerell, 1932 Sphecodes discoverlifei Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2020 [ 6] Sphecodes distinctus Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes duplex Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes duplipunctatus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes dusmeti Blüthgen, 1924 Sphecodes dyozankeanus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes engeli Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2020 [ 6] Sphecodes ephippius (Linné, 1767) Sphecodes equator Vachal, 1904 Sphecodes eritrinus Friese, 1915 Sphecodes eugnathus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes eustictus Cockerell, 1906 Sphecodes exaltus Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes fattigi Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes ferruginatus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes fimbriatus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes formosus Cockerell, 1911 Sphecodes fortior Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes fragariae Cockerell, 1903 Sphecodes friesei Herbst, 1908 Sphecodes fudzi Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes fuelleborni Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes fukuiensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes fumipennis Smith, 1853 Sphecodes galeritus Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes galerus Lovell & Cockerell, 1907 Sphecodes genaroi Engel, 2006 Sphecodes geoffrellus (Kirby , 1802) Sphecodes gibbus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sphecodes grahami Cockerell, 1922 Sphecodes grandidieri (Buysson, 1901) Sphecodes granulosus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes guineensis Vachal, 1903 Sphecodes hagensi Ritsema, 1880 Sphecodes haladai Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes hanedai Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes hasshanus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes hemirhodurus Cockerell, 1921 Sphecodes heraclei Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes hesperellus Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes hirtellus Blüthgen, 1923 Sphecodes howardi Cockerell, 1922 Sphecodes hudsoni Cockerell, 1913 Sphecodes hyalinatus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes hydrangeae Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes illinoensis (Robertson, 1903) Sphecodes ilyadadaria Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2020 [ 6] Sphecodes indicus Bingham , 1898Sphecodes invidus (Cameron, 1897) [ 1] Sphecodes inornatus (Schrottky, 1902) Sphecodes insularis Smith, 1858 Sphecodes intermedius Blüthgen, 1923 Sphecodes iosephi Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes iridescens Cockerell, 1921 Sphecodes iridipennis Smith, 1879 Sphecodes itidyo Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes ituriensis Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes iwatensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes izumindus Tsuneki, 1986 Sphecodes japonicus Cockerell, 1911 Sphecodes javanicus Friese, 1914 Sphecodes joergenseni Meyer, 1920 Sphecodes johnsonii Lovell, 1909 Sphecodes kaisensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes kamafuse Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes kershawi Perkins, 1921 Sphecodes kincaidii Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes kisukei Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes kitamius Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes knetschi Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes koikensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes kristenseni Meyer, 1919 Sphecodes laetus Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes lasimensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes laticaudatus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes laticeps Meyer, 1920 [ 6] Sphecodes latifrons Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes lautipennis Cockerell, 1908 Sphecodes levicinctus Cockerell, 1936 Sphecodes levis Lovell & Cockerell, 1907 Sphecodes libericus Cockerell, 1936 Sphecodes longuloides Blüthgen, 1923 Sphecodes longulus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes lunaris Vachal, 1904 Sphecodes luteiventris Friese, 1925 Sphecodes luzonicus Blüthgen, 1925 [ 6] Sphecodes macswaini Michener, 1954 Sphecodes maetai Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes magnipunctatus (Cockerell, 1946) Sphecodes majalis Pérez , 1903Sphecodes malayensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes manchurianus Strand & Yasumatsu, 1938 Sphecodes mandibularis Cresson, 1872 Sphecodes manni Cockerell, 1913 Sphecodes manskii (Rayment, 1935) Sphecodes marcellinoi Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes marginatus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes maruyamanus Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes melanopus Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes mendocinus Jörgensen, 1912 Sphecodes metanotiaeus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes metathoracicus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes mexicanorum Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes millsi Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes minarum Schrottky, 1910 Sphecodes miniatus Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes minor Robertson, 1898 Sphecodes monilicornis (Kirby, 1802) Sphecodes montanus Smith, 1879 Sphecodes murotai Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes mutillaeformis Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes mutsu Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes mutsuoides Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes nambui Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes natalensis Friese, 1925 Sphecodes niger Hagens, 1874 Sphecodes nigeriae Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes nigricans Timberlake, 1940 Sphecodes nigricorpus Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes nigritus Ashmead, 1900 Sphecodes nippon Meyer, 1922 Sphecodes nipponicus Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1951 Sphecodes nitidissimus Cockerell, 1910 Sphecodes niveatus Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes niveipennis Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes nomioidis Pesenko, 1979 Sphecodes nyassanus Strand, 1911 Sphecodes ohdeyamanus Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes ohtsukius Tsuneki, 1984 Sphecodes okuyetsu Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes olivieri Lepeletier , 1825Sphecodes olympicus Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes oneili Cameron, 1905 Sphecodes oriundus Vachal, 1903 Sphecodes pallitarsis Vachal, 1909 Sphecodes paraguayensis Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes paraplesius Lovell, 1911 Sphecodes patagonicus Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes patruelis Cockerell, 1913 Sphecodes pecosensis Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes pectoralis Morawitz, 1876 Sphecodes pellucidus Smith, 1845 Sphecodes perlustrans Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes perplexus Nurse, 1903 Sphecodes persimilis Lovell & Cockerell, 1907 Sphecodes peruensis Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes pieli Cockerell, 1931 Sphecodes pilosulus Smith, 1879 Sphecodes pimpinellae Robertson, 1900 Sphecodes pinguiculus Pérez, 1903 Sphecodes politulus Cockerell, 1937 Sphecodes profugus Cockerell, 1910 Sphecodes propinquus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes prosphorus Lovell & Cockerell, 1907 Sphecodes prostygius Mitchell, 1960 Sphecodes pseudocrassus Blüthgen, 1924 Sphecodes pseudofasciatus Blüthgen, 1925 Sphecodes pseudoredivivus Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2020 [ 6] Sphecodes pulsatillae Cockerell, 1906 Sphecodes punctatus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes puncticeps Thomson, 1870 Sphecodes puncticollis Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes punctiscutum Eardley & R. P. Urban, 2006 Sphecodes pusillus Cockerell, 1937 Sphecodes pycnanthemi Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes quadrimaculatus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes quellensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes ralunensis Friese, 1909 Sphecodes ranunculi Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes redivivus Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes reticulatus Thomson, 1870 Sphecodes rhois (Cockerell, 1904) Sphecodes rikuchu Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes rohweri Cockerell, 1907 Sphecodes rotundiceps Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes rubicundus Hagens, 1875 Sphecodes rubripes Spinola, 1838 [ 1] Sphecodes rudiusculus (Benoist, 1964) Sphecodes rufichelis Strand, 1912 Sphecodes ruficrus (Erichson , 1835) Sphecodes rufiscapis Vachal, 1909 Sphecodes rufithorax Morawitz, 1876 Sphecodes rufiventris (Panzer , 1798) Sphecodes rufoantennatus Benoist, 1950 Sphecodes rugulosus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes samarensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes sapporensis Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes sauteri Meyer, 1925 Sphecodes saxicolus Warncke, 1992 Sphecodes scabricollis Wesmael , 1835Sphecodes schenckii Hagens, 1882 Sphecodes schoanus Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes schwarzi Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2015 [ 3] Sphecodes scrobiculatus Pauly & Brooks, 2001 Sphecodes semicoloratus (Cockerell, 1897) Sphecodes senegalensis Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes shawi Lovell, 1911 Sphecodes shillongensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes shirozui Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes sibuyanensis Cockerell, 1925 [ 6] Sphecodes sikkimensis Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes silvicola Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes simillimus Smith, 1873 Sphecodes simlaensis Blüthgen, 1924 [ 6] Sphecodes smilacinae Robertson, 1897 Sphecodes solidaginis Cockerell, 1937 Sphecodes solonis Graenicher, 1911 Sphecodes sophiae Cockerell, 1898 Sphecodes spinulosus Hagens, 1875 Sphecodes strandi Meyer, 1920 Sphecodes stygius Robertson, 1893 Sphecodes subconfertus Sichel, 1865 Sphecodes sudai Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes sulcatulus Cockerell, 1906 Sphecodes sulcifera Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes tadschicus Blüthgen 1935 [ 5] Sphecodes taicho Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes tainoi Engel, 2006 Sphecodes tanoi Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes tantalus Nurse, 1903 Sphecodes tertius Blüthgen, 1927 Sphecodes togoanus Strand, 1912 Sphecodes tomarchioi Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes townesi Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes transversus Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes trentonensis Cockerell, 1913 Sphecodes tristellus Cockerell, 1919 Sphecodes tuckeri Friese, 1925 Sphecodes turanicus Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2017 [ 5] Sphecodes turneri Cockerell, 1916 Sphecodes ugandae Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes utinamius Tsuneki, 1983 Sphecodes vachali Meyer, 1920 Sphecodes variabilis Schrottky, 1906 Sphecodes veganus Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes villosulus Schwarz, 2010 [ 5] Sphecodes vumbuensis Blüthgen, 1928 Sphecodes walteri Nobile & Turrisi, 2004 Sphecodes washingtoni Cockerell, 1904 Sphecodes wheeleri Mitchell, 1956 Sphecodes woodi Cockerell, 1945 Sphecodes zangherii Noskiewicz, 1931
References
^ a b c Prakash, Anju Sara; Jobiraj, T.; Bijoy, C. (2020). "A checklist of bees (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Kerala" . Entomon . 45 (3): 189– 200. doi :10.33307/entomon.v45i3.550 . S2CID 229027699 . ^ a b c d e Özbek, Hikmet; Bogusch, Petr; Straka, Jakub (2015). "A contribution to the kleptoparasitic bees of Turkey: Part I.,the genus Sphecodes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)" . Turkish Journal of Zoology . 39 : 1095– 1109. doi :10.3906/zoo-1501-43 ^ a b Astafurova, Yulia V.; Proshchalykin, Maxim (2015). "Bees of the genus Sphecodes Latreille 1804 of Siberia, with a key to species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)" . Zootaxa . 4052 (1): 65– 95. doi :10.11646/zootaxa.4052.1.3 . PMID 26624777 . ^ a b "Genus Sphecodes Latreille" . An Annotated Catalogue of the Bee Species of the Indian Region . Dr. Rajiv K. Gupta. Archived from the original on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 16 July 2017 .^ a b c d e Astafurova, Yulia V.; Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.; Schwarz, Maximilian (2019). "The distribution of the genus Sphecodes Latreille (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) of the Arabian Peninsula and surrounding countries with description of hitherto unknown female of S. atlanticus Warncke, 1992 and male of S. dathei Schwarz, 2010" . ZooKeys (872): 13– 40. Bibcode :2019ZooK..872...13A . doi :10.3897/zookeys.872.35361 PMC 6711934 PMID 31496884 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Astafurova, Yulia V.; Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.; Schwarz, Maximilian (2020). "New and little-known species of the genus Sphecodes Latreille (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) from Southeast Asia" . ZooKeys (937): 31– 88. Bibcode :2020ZooK..937...31A . doi :10.3897/zookeys.937.51708 PMC 7280318 PMID 32547298 . ^ "Sphecodes Latreille, 1804" . GBIF.org. Retrieved 16 July 2017 .^ Petr Bogusch; Jakob Straka (2012). "Review and identification of the cuckoo bees of central Europe (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Sphecodes )" . Zootaxa . 3311 : 1– 41. doi :10.11646/zootaxa.3311.1.1 . ^ Astafurova, Yulia V.; Proshchalykin, Maxim (2014). "The bees of the genus Sphecodes Latreille 1804 of the Russian Far East, with key to species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)" . Zootaxa . 3887 (5): 501– 528. doi :10.11646/Zootaxa.3887.5.1 . PMID 25543947 .
