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Runt domain
The Runt domain is an evolutionary conserved protein domain.[1] The AML1/RUNX1 gene is rearranged by the t(8;21) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia.[2] The gene is highly similar to the Drosophila melanogaster segmentation gene runt and to the mouse transcription factor PEBP2 alpha subunit gene.[2] The region of shared similarity, known as the Runt domain, is responsible for DNA-binding and protein-protein interaction. In addition to the highly conserved Runt domain, the AML-1 gene product carries a putative ATP-binding site (GRSGRGKS), and has a C-terminal region rich in proline and serine residues. The protein (known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein, oncogene AML-1, core-binding factor (CBF), alpha-B subunit, etc.) binds to the core site, 5'-pygpyggt-3', of a number of enhancers and promoters. The protein is a heterodimer of alpha- and beta-subunits. The alpha-subunit binds DNA as a monomer, and appears to have a role in the development of normal hematopoiesis. CBF is a nuclear protein expressed in numerous tissue types, except brain and heart; highest levels have been found to occur in thymus, bone marrow and peripheral blood. This domain occurs towards the N-terminus of the proteins in this entry. ExamplesHuman genes encoding proteins containing this domain include: See also
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