Lü Zhengcao

Lü Zhengcao
Minister of Railways
In office 1965–1970
Preceded by	Teng Daiyuan
Succeeded by	Wan Li
Vice Chairman of CPPCC
In office 1983–1988
Personal details
Born	(1904-01-04)4 January 1904 Haicheng, Fengtian, Qing dynasty
Died	13 October 2009(2009-10-13) (aged 105) Beijing, People's Republic of China
Political party	Kuomintang Chinese Communist Party
Spouse	Liu Sha
Children	Lü Tongyin Lü Tongyu Lü Tongyan Lü Tongxin

Lü Zhengcao (simplified Chinese: 吕正操; traditional Chinese: 呂正操; pinyin: Lǚ Zhèngcāo) (4 January 1904 – 13 October 2009) was a Chinese military officer. He was one of the original Shang Jiang of the People's Liberation Army.

Lü was born in Haicheng, in the province of Liaoning. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1937. He fought in China's war against Japan 1937–1945 as well as the civil war against the Kuomintang 1945–1949.

Before he joined the Communists, Lü worked as an assistant to the Kuomintang general, Zhang Xueliang. It was in this role that he was a witness to the Xi'an Incident, whereby Zhang and his fellow general, Yang Hucheng, forced the then-Chinese leader, Chiang Kai-shek to suspend the civil war with the Communists in 1936 in order and join forces against the Japanese.

Lü resigned from the Kuomintang in 1937 and joined the Communist Party. He then commanded a military force that fought the Japanese army in northern China.

Following the Communist victory of 1949, Lü served as a senior military leader of the PRC. He was appointed a Shang Jiang (general) in 1955 following the re-establishment of rank.

During his time as Vice Minister of Railroads, Lu was appointed to be Li Jingquan's number two on the Southwest Railroad Construction Headquarters.^[1]: 86 This body was created in 1964 to supervise railroad development during the Third Front construction of basic industry and national defense industry in China's rugged interior in preparation for potential invasion by the United States or the Soviet Union.^{[1]: 85–86}

In 1985, to support the return of the critically endangered Père David's deer to China, Lü Zhengcao helped found and chair the China Milu Foundation, now known as the China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation.^[2][3]

On 13 October 2009, Lü died in Beijing at the age of 105 by Western age reckoning, or at the age of 106 by the traditional age system. At the time of his death, he was the last survivor of the original generals of the People's Liberation Army.

• Last of New China's first generals passes away - Obituary from Xinhua
• Lu Zhengcao - Daily Telegraph obituary