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James Broadwood Lyall
Sir James Broadwood Lyall GCIE KCSI (4 March 1838 – 4 December 1916) was a British administrator in the Imperial Civil Service who served as Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab between 1887 and 1892. BackgroundJames Lyall was born on 4 March 1838.[1] He was a son of Alfred Lyall and Mary Drummond.[2] His elder brother was Alfred Comyn Lyall, and his paternal uncles included a Dean of Canterbury, William Rowe Lyall, and a chairman of the British East India Company, George Lyall.[3] He was educated first at Eton College and then at Haileybury College.[1] Imperial Civil ServiceCareerHe joined the Bengal Civil Service in 1857, arriving in India the following year. He served with the Punjab commission until the end of 1859 and went on to serve as the financial commissioner of the Punjab.[1] He was the first vice-chancellor of the University of the Punjab, a post to which he was appointed in October 1882.[4] Between 1883 and 1887, Lyall served in southern India as the Resident in Mysore and Chief Commissioner of Coorg.[1] From 1887 to1892, Lyall was Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab.[1] He was appointed as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India in 1888.[5] On 5 March 1892 he laid the foundation stone of the Khalsa College. Lyall rejected calls by some of its founders to name it Lyall Khalsa College in honour of his contribution in establishing the college.[6] Canal ColoniesFrom 1882 Lyall was instrumental in formulating what would become known as the Triple Project, a bold plan to transform 6,000,000 acres (2,400,000 ha) of desert into agricultural land through the development of canal colonies.[7] As Lieutenant Governor he helped establish Lyallpur, one of the first planned cities in British India, as the headquarters of the Chenab Colony and which was named in his honour. Later a new district was created in the Colony, also named in his honour - Lyallpur district.[8][9][10] Later lifeLyall was appointed as Knight Grand Commander of the Indian Empire in May 1892, after ending his tenure in the Punjab.[11] In 1893, he was appointed to the Royal Commission on Opium, which he thought was an official attempt to procrastinate in order to silence opposition to opium use and its trade. Lyall believed there was nothing untoward about moderate use of opium.[1] In 1898, he served as President of the Indian Famine Commission.[1] He died on 4 December 1916 in Eastry, Kent and is buried in the local churchyard.[citation needed] PublicationsLyall contributed a chapter on the Punjab to The British Empire series, published in 1899.[12] References
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