en Isla Todos Santos

Isla Todos Santos is a pair of islands about 19.3 km (12.0 mi) off Ensenada, Baja California, at 31°47′59″N 116°47′20″W / 31.79972°N 116.78889°W / 31.79972; -116.78889 best known for surfing. Access is only by boat, which can be rented in Ensenada, or La Bufadora.^[1] The waves off the smallest island are among the biggest in North America. There are no facilities on the islands except for two lighthouses and a fish farm operation.^[2]

Fauna

The islands are (or were) home to Aimophila ruficeps sanctorum, an endemic subspecies of the Rufous-crowned sparrow, which is probably extinct.^[3] It was previously home to Anthony's woodrat, which is now extinct.^[4] It is home to a critically endangered subspecies, the Todos Santos Island Kingsnake, of the California mountain kingsnake.^[5] The type species of the fish genus Bajacalifornia, Bajacalifornia burragei, was discovered during the USS Albatross deep sea expedition off the coast of Todos Santos Bay in 1911.^{[citation needed]}

^ "Surfing Isla Todos Santos". BajaSurfBreaks. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
^ "Ensenada Isla de Todos Santos". Sailors Choice. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
^ BirdLife International (2018). "Aimophila ruficeps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22721288A132008222. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22721288A132008222.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Castro-Arellano, I. (2018). "Neotoma bryanti ssp. anthonyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T14576A124171511. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14576A124171511.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Hollingsworth, B. & Frost, D.R. (2007). "Lampropeltis herrerae". IUCN Red List. 3.1. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018.

Szabo, Khwaja, Garnett, Butchart (2012). Global Patterns and Drivers of Avian Extinctions at the Species and Subspecies Level. PLoS One

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