Chitrabhanu (mathematician)

Chitrabhanu (IAST: Citrabhānu; fl. 16th century) was a mathematician of the Kerala school and a student of Nilakantha Somayaji. He was a Nambudiri brahmin from the town of Covvaram near present day Trissur.^[1] He is noted for a karaṇa, a concise astronomical manual, dated to 1530, an algebraic treatise, and a commentary on a poetic text. Nilakantha and he were both teachers of Shankara Variyar.^[2][3]

He gave integer solutions to 21 types of systems of two simultaneous Diophantine equations in two unknowns.^[2] These types are all the possible pairs of equations of the following seven forms:^[4]

${\displaystyle \ x+y=a,x-y=b,xy=c,x^{2}+y^{2}=d,x^{2}-y^{2}=e,x^{3}+y^{3}=f,x^{3}-y^{3}=g}$

For each case, Chitrabhanu gave an explanation and justification of his rule as well as an example. Some of his explanations are algebraic, while others are geometric.

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