Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

 

Air draft

The deck of the Allanburg Bridge on Canada's Welland Canal typically rests only a few metres above the water level. When a ship approaches, the deck is raised to provide sufficient air draft (or draught) for the vessel to pass through. This bridge was involved in a collision with a lake freighter in 2001 as a result of lowering the span before the ship fully cleared the bridge.

Air draft (or air draught) is the distance from the surface of the water to the highest point on a vessel. This is similar to the deep draft of a vessel which is measured from the surface of the water to the deepest part of the hull below the surface. However, air draft is expressed as a height (positive upward), while deep draft is expressed as a depth (positive downward).[1][2]

Clearance below

The vessel's clearance is the distance in excess of the air draft which allows a vessel to pass safely under a bridge or obstacle such as power lines, etc. A bridge's "clearance below" is most often noted on charts as measured from the surface of the water to the underside of the bridge at the chart datum Mean High Water (MHW),[3][4] a less restrictive clearance than Mean Higher High Water (MHHW).

In 2014, the United States Coast Guard reported that 1.2% of the collisions that it investigated in the recent past were caused by vessels attempting to pass under structures with insufficient clearance resulting in bridge strikes.[1]

Examples

Bridge of the Americas

The Bridge of the Americas in Panama limits which ships can traverse the Panama Canal due to its height at 61.3 m (201 ft) above the water. The world's largest cruise ships, Oasis of the Seas, Allure of the Seas and the Harmony of the Seas will fit within the canal's new widened locks, but they are too tall to pass under the bridge, even at low tide (the two first ships are 72 m (236 ft), but do have lowerable funnels, enabling them to pass the 65-metre (213 ft) Great Belt Bridge in Denmark). New vessels are rarely built not clearing 65 m (213 ft), a height which accommodates all but the largest cruise and container ships.

The Suez Canal Bridge has a 70-metre (230 ft) clearance over the canal.

The Bayonne Bridge, an arch bridge connecting New Jersey with New York City, undertook a $1.7 billion modification to raise its roadbed to 66 m (217 ft).[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Marine Safety Alert 090-14: AIR DRAFT IS CRITICAL!" (PDF) (Press release). United States Coast Guard Inspections and Compliance Directorate. 2014-09-09. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2023-09-05.
  2. ^ 2104 Connecticut Boater's Guide (PDF). State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. p. 60. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
  3. ^ See: NOAA Navigation Chart #12335, Hudson and East Rivers, Governors Island to 67th Street, Revised October 1, 2019, "HEIGHTS: Heights in feet above Mean High Water"
  4. ^ See: U.S. Coast Pilot 5, Chapter 8, p. 354, Structures across the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, New Orleans, 15 December, 2019, "Vertical clearance measured at Mean High Water"
  5. ^ Bayonne Bridge rededication ceremony marks end of $1.7 billion project
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya


Index: pl ar de en es fr it arz nl ja pt ceb sv uk vi war zh ru af ast az bg zh-min-nan bn be ca cs cy da et el eo eu fa gl ko hi hr id he ka la lv lt hu mk ms min no nn ce uz kk ro simple sk sl sr sh fi ta tt th tg azb tr ur zh-yue hy my ace als am an hyw ban bjn map-bms ba be-tarask bcl bpy bar bs br cv nv eml hif fo fy ga gd gu hak ha hsb io ig ilo ia ie os is jv kn ht ku ckb ky mrj lb lij li lmo mai mg ml zh-classical mr xmf mzn cdo mn nap new ne frr oc mhr or as pa pnb ps pms nds crh qu sa sah sco sq scn si sd szl su sw tl shn te bug vec vo wa wuu yi yo diq bat-smg zu lad kbd ang smn ab roa-rup frp arc gn av ay bh bi bo bxr cbk-zam co za dag ary se pdc dv dsb myv ext fur gv gag inh ki glk gan guw xal haw rw kbp pam csb kw km kv koi kg gom ks gcr lo lbe ltg lez nia ln jbo lg mt mi tw mwl mdf mnw nqo fj nah na nds-nl nrm nov om pi pag pap pfl pcd krc kaa ksh rm rue sm sat sc trv stq nso sn cu so srn kab roa-tara tet tpi to chr tum tk tyv udm ug vep fiu-vro vls wo xh zea ty ak bm ch ny ee ff got iu ik kl mad cr pih ami pwn pnt dz rmy rn sg st tn ss ti din chy ts kcg ve 
Prefix: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9