These elections resulted in the Democratic-Republicans picking up 22 seats from the Federalists. This brought the Democratic-Republicans a solid majority of 68 seats, whereas the Federalists were only able to secure 38. Many state legislatures also changed to Democratic-Republican control, with the result that many new Democratic-Republicans were voted into the Senate. The Federalists never again succeeded in gaining a majority of seats in the House of Representatives, and the national Federalist Party disintegrated completely in the early 1820s.[2]
The difference between Federalist policies in support of a strong national government and the Democratic-Republican preference for states' rights played a prominent role in the election. Federal taxation became an issue as Southerners and Westerners rejected federal taxes levied on property.[citation needed]
Incumbent resigned June 7, 1800, to become U.S. Secretary of State. New member electedJuly 31, 1800 and seated November 26, 1800. Democratic-Republican gain.
Incumbent resigned in May 1800. New member electedSeptember 22, 1800 and seated November 17, 1800. Federalist hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned June 7, 1800, when elected U.S. Senator. New member electedOctober 20, 1800 and seated February 6, 1801. Democratic-Republican gain.
Incumbent resigned June 12, 1800, to become state attorney general. New member electedOctober 27, 1800. Federalist hold. Winner also elected to next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned to become Governor of Indiana Territory. New member elected November 6, 1800 by the territorial legislature and seated November 24, 1800. Federalist gain. Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below.
Incumbent died December 21, 1800. New member electedJanuary 15, 1801 and seated February 3, 1801. Democratic-Republican gain. Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent elected U.S. Senator, and therefore chose not to serve in the House in the 7th Congress. New member electedAugust 6, 1801 and seated December 7, 1801. Democratic-Republican gain.
Incumbent resigned August 10, 1801, to become N.Y. Secretary of State. New member electedOctober 8, 1801 and seated December 7, 1801. Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent elected U.S. Senator, and therefore declined to serve in the House in the 7th Congress. New member electedOctober 13, 1801 and seated December 7, 1801. Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent appointed U.S. Treasury May 14, 1801, during the 7th Congress but before that congress formally convened. New member electedOctober 13, 1801 and seated December 7, 1801. Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent resigned August 20, 1801. No majority was achieved on the September 25, 1801, and December 7, 1801, ballots, so the election was continued in 1802.
Note: Between the two sources used, there is disagreement over the ordering of the candidates. Both sources have the same numbers of votes recorded, but disagree on which candidates received those votes, one source lists Goddard as 8th, Talmadge as 9th, etc., as listed here, while the other has them as 11th, 12th, etc., three places off for all of them until the bottom three listed here which are moved up to 8th-10th, suggesting that one of the two sources accidentally misplaced three names on the list. They are ordered here as Goddard and Talmadge in 8th and 9th place as it is more likely that they'd been at the top of the runners-up given that they were subsequently elected to fill vacancies in the 7th Congress.
Incumbent resigned January 10, 1800, to become Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Court. Federalist hold. Winner also elected to finish the term; see above.
Incumbent resigned June 12, 1800, to become state attorney general. Federalist hold. Winner (Samuel Tenney) also elected to finish current term; see above.
In 1800, New Jersey returned to its traditional at-large district, continued to use this system to select representatives until it was abolished in 1842, with a single exception in 1813.
Incumbent re-elected. Winner was also elected U.S. Senator, and chose not to serve in the House in the next congress. A special election was held August 6, 1801; see above.
Rhode Island switched to a general ticket for its two seats, instead of electing each one separately. Only one candidate received a majority in the 1800 election, requiring an 1801 run-off election to choose a Representative for the second seat.
Claiborne did not serve in the 7th Congress as he was appointed Governor of Mississippi Territory and was replaced in a special election by William Dickson (Democratic-Republican)
Incumbent resigned to become Governor of Indiana Territory. New member elected November 6, 1800, by the territorial legislature and seated November 24, 1800. Federalist gain. Successor was not a candidate to finish the current next term; see above.
Mapping Early American Elections project team (2019). "Mapping Early American Elections". Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
External links
Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)