Acraea (Nymphalidae)
| Acraea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Bước đực A. acrita | |
Phân loại khoa học 
| |
| Giới: | Animalia |
| Ngành: | Arthropoda |
| Lớp: | Insecta |
| Bộ: | Lepidoptera |
| Họ: | Nymphalidae |
| Tông: | Acraeini |
| Chi: | Acraea Fabricius, 1807 |
| Loài điển hình | |
| Papilio horta (Linnaeus, 1764) | |
| Các đồng nghĩa | |
|
[1] | |
Acraea là một chi bướm ngày thuộc phân họ Heliconiinae, họ Bướm giáp (Nymphalidae). Chi này dường như có tính cận ngành cao và từ lâu đã được sử dụng như một nhóm tạm thời để hợp nhất khoảng 220 loài Acraeini có cấu trúc giải phẫu chưa phân định rõ. Một số nghiên cứu phát sinh học cho thấy chi Acraea là đơn ngành nếu bao gồm cả Bematistes và Actinote (xem Pierre & Bernaud, 2009).
Các loài
J. Pierre & D. Bernaud have published a complete systematic and synonymic list.[3]
Acraea acrita species group
- Acraea acrita – fiery acraea
- Acraea annonae
- Acraea bellona
- Acraea chaeribula
- Acraea eltringhamiana
- Acraea guluensis
- Acraea loranae
- Acraea lualabae
- Acraea manca
- Acraea pudorina – Kenyan fiery acraea
- Acraea utengulensis – Tanzanian fiery acraea
Acraea andromacha species group (close to part of A. terpsicore group?)
- Acraea andromacha – small greasy, glasswing
Acraea anemosa species group
- Acraea anemosa – broad-bordered acraea
- Acraea pseudolycia
- Acraea turna
Acraea aureola species group
- Acraea aureola (= onerata) (cepheus group)
Acraea bonasia species group (close to A. oberthuri and A. rahira groups? Paraphyletic?)
- Acraea acerata – small yellow-banded legionnaire, falls acraea
- Acraea alicia
- Acraea bonasia
- Acraea burgessi
- Acraea cabira – yellow-banded acraea
- Acraea serena – dancing acraea
- Acraea eponina – orange acraea or small orange acraea
- Acraea excelsior
- Acraea goetzei
- Acraea karschi
- Acraea lumiri
- Acraea rangatana
- Acraea hecqui
- Acraea pierrei
- Acraea sotikensis – Sotik acraea, Sotika legionnaire
- Acraea uvui – tiny acraea
- Acraea ventura
Acraea caecilia species group (close to A. cepheus and A. egina groups?)
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- Acraea aglaonice – clear-spotted acraea
- Acraea mirabilis – marvelous acraea
- Acraea miranda – desert acraea, Somali acraea
- Acraea asboloplintha – black-winged acraea, black-winged legionnaire
- Acraea atergatis
- Acraea atatis
- Acraea axina – little acraea
- Acraea braesia
- Acraea caecilia – pink legionnaire (type species of Stephenia)
- Acraea caldarena – black-tipped acraea, black tip acraea
- Acraea doubledayi
- Acraea ella
- Acraea equatorialis
- Acraea intermediodes
- Acraea leucopyga
- Acraea lygus – lygus acraea
- Acraea marnois (= Acraea caecilia)
- Acraea natalica – Natal acraea, Natal legionnaire
- Acraea oncaea – window acraea, window legionnaire
- Acraea pseudegina
- Acraea pudorella
- Acraea rhodesiana
- Acraea stenobea – suffused acraea
- Acraea lyci
- Acraea sykesi – Sykes' acraea
_mating.jpg)
Acraea cepheus species group (close to A. caecilia and A. egina groups?)
- Acraea abdera
- Acraea asema
- Acraea atolmis
- Acraea bailundensis
- Acraea buettneri
- Acraea cepheus
- Acraea bergeriana
- Acraea chambezi
- Acraea diogenes
- Acraea guillemei
- Acraea lapidorum
- Acraea lofua
- Acraea mansya
- Acraea nohara – light red acraea
- Acraea dondoensis
- Acraea onerata
- Acraea periphanes
- Acraea petraea – blood-red acraea, blood acraea
- Acraea punctellata
- Acraea rohlfsi
- Acraea violarum – speckled red acraea
DSC_0165.JPG)
Acraea circeis species group (close to A. masamba)
- Acraea buschbecki
- Acraea circeis – white legionnaire (type species of Gnesia)
- Acraea conradti
- Acraea grosvenori
- Acraea kuekenthali
- Acraea melanoxantha
- Acraea newtoni
- Acraea ntebiae
- Acraea oreas
- Acraea orina – Orina legionnaire
- Acraea orinata
- Acraea parrhasia – yellow-veined legionnaire
- Acraea pelopeia
- Acraea peneleos
- Acraea penelope – Penelope's acraea, Penelope's legionnaire
- Acraea perenna
- Acraea semivitrea (type species of Alacria)
- Acraea translucida
- Acraea ungemachi
- Acraea vumbui
Acraea egina species group (close to A. caecilia and A. cepheus groups?)
- Acraea egina – elegant legionnaire (type species of Rubraea)
- Acraea medea
Acraea encedon species group (close to A. jodutta and A. pharsalus groups?) – common acraea or white-barred acraea or encedon acraea
- Acraea encedana – Pierre's acraea
- Acraea encedon – common acraea, white-barred legionnaire (type species of Hyalites)
- Acraea necoda
- Acraea encoda
Acraea issoria species group (a rather distinct lineage?)
- Acraea issoria – yellow coster (type species of Pareba)
_male_Sao_Tome.jpg)
Acraea jodutta species group (close to A. encedon and A. pharsalus groups?)
- Acraea actinotina
- Acraea acuta
- Acraea alciope
- Acraea alciopoides
- Acraea amicitiae
- Acraea ansorgei
- Acraea aurivillii
- Acraea baxteri
- Acraea disjuncta
- Acraea esebria – dusky acraea
- Acraea comor
- Acraea insularis
- Acraea jodutta – jodutta legionnaire
- Acraea johnstoni
- Acraea lycoa – lycoa legionnaire (type species of Planema)
- Acraea masaris
- Acraea niobe
- Acraea safie
Acraea masamba species group (close to A. circeis?)
- Acraea aubyni – Aubyn Rogers' acraea
- Acraea cinerea – grey acraea
- Acraea fornax
- Acraea igola – dusky-veined acraea
- Acraea masamba
- Acraea quirinalis
- Acraea sambavae
- Acraea siliana
- Acraea simulata (tentatively placed here; Bematistes?)
- Acraea strattipocles
Acraea oberthuri species group (close to A. bonasia group?)
- Acraea althoffi – Althoff's acraea
- Acraea bergeri
- Acraea oberthueri
- Acraea pseudepaea
Acraea pentapolis species group (close to A. circeis and A. masamba groups?)
- Acraea pentapolis – musanga legionnaire
- Acraea vesperalis
- Acraea obeira
- Acraea burni – pale-yellow acraea (close to A. andromacha group?)
- Acraea orestia
- Acraea lia
Acraea pharsalus species group (close to A. encedon and A. jodhutta groups?)
.jpg)
- Acraea pharsalus – familiar legionnaire
- Acraea vuilloti
Acraea rahira species group (close to A. bonasia group?)
- Acraea anacreon – large orange acraea, orange acraea (type species of Auracraea)
- Acraea anacreontica
- Acraea bomba
- Acraea calida
- Acraea guichardi
- Acraea lusinga
- Acraea induna – induna acraea (included in "Telchinia")
- Acraea kaduna
- Acraea parei
- Acraea alalonga – long-winged orange acraea (included in "Telchinia")
- Acraea mirifica
- Acraea rahira – marsh acraea
- Acraea speciosa
- Acraea wigginsi
- Acraea zitja
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Acraea satis species group
- Acraea rabbaiae – clear-wing acraea, clearwing legionnaire
- Acraea satis – east coast acraea
- Acraea zonata
A. terpsicore group
- Acraea admatha – Hewitson's glassy legionnaire
- Acraea boopis – rainforest acraea
- Acraea endoscota (close to A. andromacha group?)
- Acraea kappa
- Acraea kia
- Acraea kinduana
- Acraea camaena (close to part of A. andromacha group?)
- Acraea cuva
- Acraea dammii
- Acraea eltringhami
- Acraea eugenia
- Acraea hamata
- Acraea horta – garden acraea (type species of Acraea)
- Acraea hova
- Acraea igati (type species of Solenites)
- Acraea insignis
- Acraea leucographa
- Acraea machequena – machequena acraea
- Acraea mahela
- Acraea matuapa
- Acraea neobule – wandering donkey acraea, wandering donkey (close to A. zetes group?)
- Acraea brainei
- Acraea quirina – common glassy legionnaire (close to A. andromacha group?)
- Acraea ranavalona (type species of Phanopeltis)
- Acraea rileyi
- Acraea rogersi – Rogers's large legionnaire (a rather distinct lineage?)
- Acraea serena – dancing acraea, small orange legionnaire (formerly misidentified as A. eponina, A. terpsicore; type species of Telchinia)
Acraea terpsicore species group (formerly A. violae group)
_mating_in_Narshapur,_AP_W_IMG_0912.jpg)
- Acraea terpsicore – tawny coster (formerly A. violae)
Acraea zetes species group (might include part of A. serena group; a very distinct lineage?)
- Acraea acara – acara acraea
- Acraea barberi – Barber's acraea
- Acraea chilo
- Acraea hypoleuca
- Acraea magnifica
- Acraea trimeni – Trimen's acraea
- Acraea zetes
Species group undetermined
- Acraea acutipennis
- Acraea alticola
- Acraea cerasa – tree top acraea
- Acraea ducarmei ("epaea group")
- Acraea humilis
- Acraea kalinzu
- Acraea kraka – kraka glassy acraea
- Acraea macarista
- Acraea mima
- Acraea odzalae
- Acraea omrora
- Acraea oscari
- Acraea overlaeti
- Acraea peetersi
- Acraea polis (close to A. circeis, A. masamba and A. pentapolis groups?)
- Acraea pseudatolmis
- Acraea pullula
- Acraea punctimarginea
- Acraea silia
- Acraea simulator
- Acraea iturina – Ituri glassy acraea
- Acraea toruna
- Acraea turlini
- Acraea viviana
- Acraea zoumi
Một số loài trước đây thuộc chi Acraea, nay đã được phân loại chính thức vào các chi khác, ví dụ như Bematistes.
Chú thích
- ^ See references in Haaramo (2007)
- ^ Woodhall (2005)
- ^ "CLASSIFICATION ET LISTE SYNONYMIQUE DES TAXONS DU GENRE ACRAEA" (PDF). Acraea.com. Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 3 năm 2022.
- ^ Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ
<ref>không hợp lệ; không có nội dung trong ref có tênsb+h
Tham khảo
- Pitkin, B. & Jenkins, P. (2004): Butterflies and Moths of the World: Generic Names and their Type-species. Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2008-AUG-15.
- Savela, Markku (2007): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Acraea. Version of 2007-JUN-05. Retrieved 2008-AUG-15.
- Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 53 et seq.
- Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Text (in German)
- Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas; Wahlberg, Niklas;, Francini, Ronaldo Bastos; Azeredo-Espin, Ana Maria L.; Brown, Keith S. Jr.; Paluch, Márlon; Lees, David C. & Freitas, André V.L. (2008): Phylogenetic relationships of butterflies of the tribe Acraeini (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) and the evolution of host plant use. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(2): 515–531. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.024 PDF fulltext
- Woodhall (2005): Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers.
Đọc thêm
- Eltringham, H., 1912 A Monograph of the African species of the Genus Acraea, Fab., with a supplement on those of the Oriental Region. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London Volume 60, Issue 1, pages 1–369, July 1912 pdf
- Pierre J. & Bernaud D., 2009. Butterflies of the World, Part 31, Nymphalidae XVI et Supplément 16, Acraea sous-genre Actinote. Erich Bauer. Thomas Frankenbach, Goecke & Evers, Keltern, Germany ISBN 9783937783390
- Pierre J. & Bernaud D., 2013. Butterflies of the World, Part 39, Nymphalidae XXIII et Supplément 22, Acraea sous-genre Acraea . Erich Bauer. Thomas Frankenbach, Goecke & Evers, Keltern, Germany ISBN 9783937783666
Liên kết ngoài
Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện về Acraea (Nymphalidae).
- Le Site des Acraea de Dominique Bernaud
- Systematic and synonymic list (Pierre & Bernaud)
- Alphabetic list (Pierre & Bernaud)
- African description references (Pierre & Bernaud)
- Acraea terpsicore rehabilitation paper
- Acraea serena rehabilitation paper
- Acraea epaea group (ex Bematistes) revision paper
- Acraea at EOL
- African Butterfly Database especially bibliography
- Acraea at Pteron Lưu trữ ngày 27 tháng 1 năm 2020 tại Wayback Machine image overview
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