Heródio

O Heródio

O Heródio[1][2] (em latim: Herodium; hebreu: הרודיון) é uma colina a 12 km a sul de Jerusalém, no deserto da Judeia. É simultaneamente uma montanha estranha e um artefa(c)to ameaçador no deserto.[3] É uma imensa colina circular que de certo ponto para cima repentinamente e sem motivo aparente, assume o formato de um tronco de cone.[3]

Herodes, o Grande construiu neste local um palácio fortificado onde foi posteriormente enterrado, no ano 4, mesmo não havendo nenhum motivo para que se construísse isto ali.[3] Duas gerações mais tarde, durante a Grande Revolta, rebeldes judeus esconderam-se das legiões romanas no Heródio.[3] E, 60 anos após isto, na Revolta de Barcoquebas, outra tropa de guerrilha judeia enfurnou-se no Heródio e tornou-o um forte impenetrável, assegurando-o por três anos contra os melhores soldados de Roma.[3]

Referências

  1. ↑ Tabor 2006, p. 118.
  2. ↑ Cornell 2008, p. 163.
  3. ↑ a b c d e «Inside the Desert Fortress» (em inglês). Slate. 16 de janeiro de 2008. Consultado em 1 de agosto de 2011. Herodion is [...] an eerie half-mountain, half-artifact looming over the Judean desert. It is a large, round hill that, partway up and for no obvious reason, suddenly assumes the shape of a steep-sided cone, as if someone rested a gigantic cooking pot upside down on the slope. That someone was Herod the Great [...]. There is no reason to build out here: Herodion commands no trade routes, secures no kingdom, guards no oasis. But here he built his desert safe house all the same, a fortress palace so special to him that he had himself buried here in 4 B.C.Two generations later, during the Great Revolt, Jewish rebels hid from Roman legions here.And 60 years after that, in the Bar Kochba rebellion of 132-135 A.D., another Jewish guerrilla army holed up in Herodion and turned it into a virtually impregnable fortress, holding it for three years against Rome's best soldiers. 

Bibliografia

  • Cornell, Tim; John Matthews (2008). A Civilização Romana. Col: Grandes Civilizações do Passado. Barcelona: Folio. ISBN 978-84-413-2552-4 
  • Tabor, James D. (2006). A Dinastia de Jesus. Rio de Janeiro: Ediouro Publicações. ISBN 850002030X 

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