Defenders

Defenders (em irlandês: Cosantóirí) foi uma sociedade secreta agrária católica romana na Irlanda do século XVIII, fundada no Condado de Armagh. [1] Inicialmente, foram formados como organizações defensivas locais em oposição aos protestantes da "Peep o' Day Boys"; no entanto, em 1790 havia se tornado uma sociedade fraterna secreta, ajuramentada, composta de lojas. [2] Em 1796, os Defenders se aliaram aos Irlandeses Unidos e participaram da rebelião de 1798. [1] No século XIX, a organização havia se tornado o Ribbonmen. [1]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d S. J. Connolly (2007). Oxford Companion to Irish History. [S.l.]: Oxford University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-19-923483-7 
  2. ↑ a b Brendan McEvoy (1986). The Peep of Day Boys and Defenders in the County Armagh. [S.l.]: Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society 
  3. ↑ S. J. Connolly (2007). Oxford Companion to Irish History. [S.l.]: Oxford University Press. p. 434. ISBN 978-0-19-923483-7 
  4. ↑ Mervyn Jess. The Orange Order, page 20. The O'Brian Press Ltd. Dublin, 2007
  5. ↑ Bardon, James (2005). A History of Ulster: New Updated Edition 2 ed. [S.l.]: Blackstaff Press. ISBN 0-85640-764-X 
  6. ↑ Bardon, James (2005). A History of Ulster: New Updated Edition 2 ed. [S.l.]: Blackstaff Press. p. 226. ISBN 0-85640-764-X 

Bibliografia

  • Thomas Bartlett, Kevin Dawson, Daire Keogh, "Rebellion", Dublin 1998
  • Liam Kelly "A Flame now Quenched: Rebels and Frenchmen in Leitrim 1793–98", Dublin 1998
  • David Miller "Peep O' Day Boys and Defenders", Belfast 1990
  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês cujo título é «Defenders (Ireland)».

Content Disclaimer

Informasi ini disarikan dari Wikipedia dan disajikan kembali untuk tujuan edukasi. Konten tersedia di bawah lisensi CC BY-SA 3.0. Kami tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakakuratan data yang bersumber dari kontribusi publik tersebut.

  1. The information displayed on this website is sourced in part or in whole from Wikipedia and has been adapted for the purpose of restating it. We strive to provide accurate and relevant information, however:
  2. There is no guarantee of absolute accuracy. Wikipedia is an open, collaborative project that can be edited by anyone, so information is subject to change.
  3. It is not intended to constitute professional advice. The content displayed is for informational and educational purposes only. For important decisions (e.g., medical, legal, or financial), please consult a professional.
  4. Content copyright. Wikipedia is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA). This means that content may be reused with appropriate attribution and shared under a similar license.
  5. Responsible use. Any risk arising from the use of information from this website is entirely the responsibility of the user.