Biocatalisador

Um biocatalisador é um catalisador das reações bioquímicas dos seres vivos, são considerados biocatalisadores as enzimas, os hormônios e as vitaminas. Um biocatalisador atua na redução ou um aumento da energia de ativação de uma reação química, afetando a velocidade de uma reação, mas emergindo do processo inalterada. Cada reação química nos seres vivos, sejam unicelulares ou multicelulares, requer a presença de um ou mais biocatalisadores (enzimas), pois, sem elas, estas reações ocorreriam sem nenhuma ordem.

Na maioria dos casos, os biocatalizadores são enzimas e, mais raramente também ribozimas.[1][2][3]

Referências

  1. ↑ A. S. Bommarius, J. K. Blum, M. J. Abrahamson: Status of protein engineering for biocatalysts: how to design an industrially useful biocatalyst. In: Current opinion in chemical biology. Band 15, Nummer 2, April 2011, S. 194–200, doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.11.011. PMID 21115265.
  2. ↑ L. R. Jarboe, L. A. Royce, P. Liu: Understanding biocatalyst inhibition by carboxylic acids. In: Frontiers in microbiology. Band 4, 2013, S. 272, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00272. PMID 24027566. PMC 3760142.
  3. ↑ L. Fernández-Arrojo, M. E. Guazzaroni, N. López-Cortés, A. Beloqui, M. Ferrer: Metagenomic era for biocatalyst identification. In: Current opinion in biotechnology. Band 21, Nummer 6, Dezember 2010, S. 725–733, doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2010.09.006. PMID 20934867.

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