Rubidi

37
- ← rubidi → Estronci
Descobridor o inventaire
Data de descobèrta
Contrari
Color
Simbòl de quantitat
Simbòl d'unitat
Proprietat de
Fondador
Compren
Data de debuta
Data de fin
Precedit per
Seguit per
Coordenadas
K
↑
Rb
↓
Cs
Generalitats
Nom, Simbòl, Numèro atomic rubidi, Rb, 37
Familha d'elements quimics metals alcalins
Grop, Periòde, Blòc 1, 5, s
Aparéncia blanc argentat
Massa atomica 85.4678(3) g/mol
Configuracion electronica [Kr] 5s1
Electrons per nivèl energetic 2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Proprietats fisicas
Fasa solid
Densitat (temperatura ambienta) 1.532 g/cm³
Densitat liquida al punt de fusion 1.46 g/cm³
Punt de fusion 312.46 K
(39.31 °C, 102.76 °F)
Punt d'ebullicion 961 K
(688 °C, 1270 °F)
Calor de fusion 2.19 kJ/mol
Calor de vaporizacion 75.77 kJ/mol
Capacitat calorifica (25 °C) 31.060 J/(mol·K)
Pression de vapor
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
a T/K 434 486 552 641 769 958
Proprietats atomicas
Estructura cristallina cubica de còs centrat
Estat d'oxidacion 1
(oxid fòrtament basic)
Electronegativitat 0.82 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencials d'ionizacion
(mai) 		1èr : 403.0 kJ/mol
2nd : 2633 kJ/mol
3en : 3860 kJ/mol
Rai atomic 235 pm
Rai atomic calculat 265 pm
Rai covalent 211 pm
Rai de van der Waals 244 pm
Informacions divèrsas
Magnetisme pas de donada
Resistivitat electrica (20 °C) 128 nΩ·m
Conductivitat termica (300 K) 58.2 W/(m·K)
Velocitat del son (20 °C) 1300 m/s
Modul de Young 2.4 GPa
Modul de Bulk 2.5 GPa
Duretat de Mohs 0.3
Duretat de Brinell 0.216 MPa
Numèro CAS 7440-17-7
Isotòps pus estables
Article : Isotòps del (de l') rubidi
iso NA Mièja vida MD ED (MeV) PD
83Rb syn 86.2 d ε - 83Kr
γ 0.52, 0.53,
0.55 		-
84Rb syn 32.9 d ε - 84Kr
β+ 1.66, 0.78 84Kr
γ 0.881 -
β- 0.892 84Sr
85Rb 72.168% Rb es estable amb 48 neutrons
86Rb syn 18.65 d β- 1.775 86Sr
γ 1.0767 -
87Rb 27.835% 4.88×1010 y β- 0.283 87Sr

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