Republica maritima
Lo tèrme republica maritima designa un ensemble de vilas maritimas italianas que venguèron de centres economics prospèrs entre lei sègles X e XIII gràcias a una activitat comerciala e maritima intensa. Venècia, Gènoa, Pisa e Amalfi son lei republicas maritimas pus famosas mai de pòrts mens importants coma Ragusa, Noli, Gaieta ò Ancona conoguèron d'evolucions similaras. Dominèron lo comèrci mediterranèu durant la segonda mitat de l'Edat Mejana e declinèron lentament a partir de la Renaissença quand deguèron faciar la concurréncia ò la pression militara de l'Empèri Otoman, d'Espanha ò de França. Lei darrierei republicas maritimas perdiguèron son independéncia a l'eissida dei Guèrras Napoleonencas.
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