Sedih
Sedih adalah kesakitan psikologi yang dikaitkan dengan, atau berciri perasaan kekurangan, kehilangan, putus asa, tidak mampu melakukan apa-apa, pilu, dan marah. Perasaan sebegini biasanya dianggap negetif. Apabila seseorang sedih, dia menjadi kurang bercakap, kurang bertenaga, dan beremosi. Menangis merupakan satu petunjuk kesedihan.
Kesedihan boleh dilihat sebagai merendahkan sementara mood, sementara kemurungan adalah lebih kronik.
Sedih merupakan satu dari enam emosi asas Paul Ekman - gembira, sedih, marah, terkejut, takut, benci".[1]
Rujukan
- ^ Daniel Goleman, Emotional Intelligence (London 1996) p. 271
bacaan lanjut
- David Allen Karp, Speaking of Sadness (1997)
- Keltner D, Ellsworth PC, Edwards K (1993). "Beyond simple pessimism: effects of sadness and anger on social perception". J Pers Soc Psychol. 64 (5): 740–52. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.5.740. PMID 8505705. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Tiedens LZ (2001). "Anger and advancement versus sadness and subjugation: the effect of negative emotion expressions on social status conferral". J Pers Soc Psychol. 80 (1): 86–94. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.86. PMID 11195894. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan) - Ambady & Gray, 2002[pautan mati kekal]
- Forgas JP (1998). "On feeling good and getting your way: mood effects on negotiator cognition and bargaining strategies". J Pers Soc Psychol. 74 (3): 565–77. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.565. PMID 11407408. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan) - Forgas JP (1998). "On being happy and mistaken: mood effects on the fundamental attribution error". J Pers Soc Psychol. 75 (2): 318–31. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.2.318. PMID 9731311. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan) - Forgas JP (1994). "The role of emotion in social judgments: an introductory review and an Affect Infusion Model (AIM)". Eur J Soc Psychol. 24 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420240102.
- Forgas JP, Bower GH (1987). "Mood effects on person-perception judgments". J Pers Soc Psychol. 53 (1): 53–60. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.53. PMID 3612493. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan) - Isen AM, Daubman KA, Nowicki GP (1987). "Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving". J Pers Soc Psychol. 52 (6): 1122–31. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1122. PMID 3598858. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Keltner et al., 1998
External links
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