Deflasi

Dalam ekonomi, deflasi merupakan penurunan tingkat harga umum barangan dan perkhidmatan yang berterusan di bawah inflasi sifar. Deflasi adalah lawan kepada inflasi. Bagi ahli ekonomi, istilah ini menjadi dan kadang kala digunakan untuk merujuk pada penurunan dalam jumlah bekalan wang (sebagai satu sebab langsung penurunan dari tingkat harga umum). Akan tetapi, kini penurunan jumlah bekalan wang ini lebih sering dirujuk sebagai sebuah "pengecutan" bekalan wang. Ketika deflasi, permintaan untuk kecairan akan naik, berbanding barangan atau faedah. Sewaktu deflasi kuasa beli wang juga naik.

Deflasi dianggap sebagai satu masalah dalam ekonomi moden kerana potensi lingkaran deflasi dan kaitannya dengan Zaman Kemelesetan.

Lihat juga

Rujukan

  • Ben S. Bernanke, Deflation: Making Sure "It" Doesn't Happen Here, Remarks by Governor Ben S. Bernanke Before the National Economists Club, Washington, D.C.. November 21, 2002
  • Michael Bordo & Andrew Filardo, Deflation and monetary policy in a historiscal perspective: remembering the past or being condemned to repeat it?, In: Economic Policy, October 2005, pp 799-844.
  • Georg Erber, The Risk of Deflation in Germany and the Monetary Policy of the ECB. In: Cesifo Forum 4 (2003), 3, pp 24-29
  • Charles Goodhart and Boris Hofmann, Deflation, credit and asset prices, In: Deflation - Current and Historical Perspectives, eds. Richard C. K. Burdekin & Pierre L. Siklos, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • International Monetary Fund, Deflation: Determinants, Risks, and Policy Options - Findings of an Independent Task Force, Washington D. C., April 30, 2003.
  • International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook 2006 - Globalization and Inflation, Washington D. C., April 2006.
  • Otmar Issing, The euro after four years: is there a risk of deflation?, 16th European Finance Convention, 2 December 2002, London, Europäische Zentralbank, Frankfurt am Main
  • Paul Krugman, Its Baaaaack: Japan's Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap, In: Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2, (1998), pp 137-205
  • Steven B. Kamin, Mario Marazzi & John W. Schindler, Is China "Exporting Deflation"?, International Finance Discussion Papers No. 791, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington D. C. Januar 2004.

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