Osmoregulation in plant

                      Plants are distributed in different habitats of aquatic, moderate and severely dry terrestrial nature, thus termed as hydrophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes respectively.
    

Hydrophytes

          Hydrophytes have the adaptations to remove the flooding of it cells in fresh water. In this type the surface area of leaves is very large to transpire water excessively. Extensive stomata are present on the upper surface facing the atmosphere to promote loss of water

Mesophytes

                 Mesophytes have moderate water availability. In sufficient supply of water stomata are kept open to promote loss of excess water, however, in restricted supply stomata close to prevent the loss e.g. Brassica, rose, mango etc.

Xerophytes

            Xerophytes have adaptations for reduced rate of transpiration. Many xerophytes possess small, thick leave to limit water loss by reducing surface area proportional to the volume. heir cuticle is thick, waxy and leathery. Stomata are on lower surface of leaves and location in depression. Some as cacti, during the driest season, shed their leave to restrict transpiration completely, thus stems are the photosynthetic organs. In rainy season, stem stores water for use in dry conditions