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Pathologic complete response (pCR) (also referred to as pathologic complete remission) is a measurement of the response to treatment for cancer. It is defined as "The lack of all signs of cancer in tissue samples removed during surgery or biopsy after treatment with radiation or chemotherapy."^[1][2]

To determine if there is a pCR, microscopic examination of tissue samples is undertaken to determine if any cancer cells are left after treatment (radiation/chemotherapy). A patient is deemed to have a pCR if there all tissue specimens are found to be absent of tumor cells.^[2]The presence or absence of cancer cells indicates how well the treatment worked and correlates to the recurrence of the cancer.^[1]

In the case of breast cancer, it is defined as "the absence of invasive cancer in the breast and lymph nodes after treatment.^[3]

"Several studies have shown an association between pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and better disease-free survival, as well as better overall survival." "Breast Cells One way doctors judge the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is to look at the tissue removed during surgery to see if any actively growing cancer cells are present. If no active cancer cells are present, doctors call it a “pathologic complete response” or pCR.

"A number of neoadjuvant trials have established a relationship between pCR and event-free survival' and "low recurrence risk when pCR [is] achieved."^[4] Several studies have shown an association between pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and better disease-free survival, as well as better overall survival.

"The link between pCR and survival is strongest when the pCR includes both the breast and the lymph nodes."

Definition: Cancer.gov https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/pcr

The lack of all signs of cancer in tissue samples removed during surgery or biopsy after treatment with radiation or chemotherapy. To find out if there is a pathologic complete response, a pathologist checks the tissue samples under a microscope to see if there are still cancer cells left after the anticancer treatment. Knowing if the cancer is in pathologic complete response may help show how well treatment is working or if the cancer will come back. Also called pathologic complete remission. From Mulcahy: quote A new study strengthens the evidence that pathological complete response (pCR) is a good surrogate marker of longer-term efficacy in the neoadjuvant drug treatment of breast cancer.

pCR, which is defined as the absence of invasive cancer in the breast and lymph nodes after treatment, can be measured within weeks of starting a drug. Thus, it can provide a very early indicator of efficacy.

Multiple retrospective studies in the neoadjuvant setting have shown that pCR correlates with long-term outcomes, she explained. "We have been looking at it for decades," said Dr. Litton about pC

United States Public Law 82-416 (Pub. L. 82–416), best known as the Douglas-Mansfield Act, passed by the United States Congress in June 1952 gave legislative support to the roles and missions of the United States Marine Corps. The Act decreed a three-division/three-wing force structure for the Marine Corps.^[1]

• "Historical Evolution of Marine Corps Basing and Deployment Patterns, 1945-1985". History Division, United States Marine Corps. Retrieved 2007-04-21.

• Schmidt, Major Joseph H., USMC (May 15, 1989). "Reorganizing the Fleet Marine Force: From Division-Wing Teams to Marine Expeditionary Brigades". Quantico, Virginia: Command and Staff College, Marine Corps Combat Development Center. Retrieved 2007-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

• "Marine Corps History". Marine Corps Brotherhood. Retrieved 2007-04-21.

Lt Col Chandler W. Johnson, Commander of 2/28 at Iwo Jima First flag at Iwo Jima Four days later, as the battle raged on, a group of Marines was assigned a mission that must have made it flinch. Lt. Col. Chandler Johnson ordered a lieutenant to take a 40-man patrol to the top of Suribachi and seize the crest.

efore 1st Lt. Harold Schrier stepped off, Johnson handed him a small flag brought ashore by the battalion adjutant. Johnson instructed Schrier to hoist the flag when he reached the summit.

Schrier’s patrol reached the rim of Suribachi’s crater about 10:15 a.m., encountering a group of Japanese. Even as a firefight erupted, a few Marines scrambled to find something with which to raise the flag. They found a length of steel pipe, to which they affixed the tiny flag, then raised it at 10:20 a.m.

Far below, thousands of weary and wounded sailors and Marines broke into cheers. Some wept.

The men who raised that flag often have been overlooked in the shadow of Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal’s iconic image of the second flag raising, which came later that day when Johnson decided the first flag was too small to be seen from a distance.

The men who made it to the top with that small flag were Sgt. Louis Lowery — a Leatherneck magazine photographer, Schrier, Cpl. Charles W. Lindberg, Platoon Sgt. Ernest I. Thomas Jr., Sgt. Henry O. Hansen, Pfc. Louis C. Charlo and Pfc. James Michels. Lowery photographed the event.

Back to the fight

The flag raisings didn’t signal the end of battle. Marines would fight another month through some of the war’s most savage combat. In fact, after the flags were raised, nearly 4,000 Marines were killed in action.

From Lance-Star

A patrol of about 20 Marines was sent up Mount Suribachi with the first flag, which was tied to a Japanese water pipe and hoisted by a handful of the men while the rest formed a secure perimeter.

This was photographed by Lou Lowery of Leatherneck magazine. (I have a print signed by Charles Lindberg, one of the men pictured.)

Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal, watching from offshore, wanted this flag.

Lt. Col. Chandler Johnson, a battalion commander in the 28th Marines, felt that the flag should stay with the Marines and was quoted as saying, "To hell with him!"

He ordered it replaced so Forrestal wouldn't get it. He also said that it was too small to be seen well on top of the volcano anyway.

The second flag was taken up by a small group and was raised on a second pipe as the first flag was lowered.

• Colonel Joseph H. Alexander, U.S. Marine Corps (Ret). "Iwo Jima's Costs, Gains, and Legacies". Closing In: Marines in the Seizure. Retrieved 2006-09-16.

• Conversation on the House Floor

• NHC Iwo Jima Flag Raising

Iwo Jima's Costs, Gains, and Legacies

• Phillip Thompson (February 12, 2005). "Uncommon valor:Iwo Jima was the ultimate test of leathernecks' mettle". Air Force Times. Retrieved 2006-09-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

• Tod Hale (September 8, 2006). "Flag-raising at Iwo Jima 'starred' heroes and martyrs". The Free Lance-Star. Retrieved 2006-09-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

• "Recollections of the flag raising on Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima by Pharmacist Mate Second Class John H. Bradley, USN". Oral History: Iwo Jima Flag Raising on Mount Suribachi. Retrieved 2006-07-30.

• "IWO JIMA: THE REAL STORY OF THE TWO FLAGS RAISED ATOP MT. SURIBACHI". Retrieved 2006-09-16.

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This is a list of United States Marines Corps recipients of the Medal of Honor by campaign. The rank listed is that at the time of the action for which the Medal of Honor was awarded.

There have been 296 Medals of Honor awarded to 294 U.S. Marine Corps recipients spanning 18 conflicts.

1. Sergeant Richard Binder
2. Sergeant J. Henry Denig
3. Orderly Sergeant Isaac N. Fry
4. Sergeant Michael Hudson
5. Corporal John F. Mackie
6. Sergeant James Martin (USMC)
7. Sergeant Andrew Miller (Medal of Honor, 1864)
8. Orderly Sergeant Christopher Nugent
9. Corporal Miles M. Oviatt
10. Corporal John Rannahan
11. Sergeant James S. Roantree
12. Private John Shivers
13. Corporal Willard M. Smith
14. Orderly Sergeant David Sprowle
15. Private Henry A. Thompson
16. Corporal Andrew J. Tomlin
17. Sergeant Pinkerton R. Vaughn

1. Corporal Charles Brown (Medal of Honor)
2. Private John Coleman (Medal of Honor)
3. Private James Dougherty (Medal of Honor)
4. Private Michael Owens (Medal of Honor)
5. Private Hugh Purvis

1. Corporal John Morris
2. Corporal James A. Stewart

1. Private Daniel Campbell
2. Private Oscar Wadsworth Field
3. Private John Fitzgerald (USMC)
4. Private Joseph John Franklin
5. Sergeant Philip Gaughan
6. Private Frank Hill (USMC)
7. Private Michael Kearney (USMC)
8. Private Hermann William Kuchneister
9. Private Harry Lewis MacNeal
10. Private James Meredith (USMC) (Name later changed to Patrick F. Ford, Jr.)
11. Private Pomeroy Parker
12. Sergeant John Henry Quick
13. Private Joseph Francis Scott
14. Private Edward Sullivan (USMC)
15. Private Walter Scott West

1. Captain Hiram Iddings Bearss
2. Private Howard Major Buckley
3. Sergeant Bruno Albert Forsterer
4. Sergeant Harry Harvey
5. Private Henry Lewis Hulbert
6. Private Joseph Leonard
7. Sergeant Michael Joseph McNally
8. Captain David Dixon Porter
9. Corporal Thomas Francis Prendergast

1. Sergeant John Mapes Adams
2. Corporal Harry Chapman Adriance*
3. Corporal Edwin Nelson Appleton
4. Private Erwin Jay Boyston
5. Private James Burnes
6. Private Albert Ralph Campbell
7. Private William Louis Carr
8. Private James Cooney (Boxer Rebelllion)
9. Corporal John Olof Dahlgren
10. Private Daniel Joseph Daly
11. Private Harry Fisher (Real name was Franklin J. Phillips)
12. Sergeant Alexander Joseph Foley
13. Private Charles Robert Francis*
14. Private Louis Rene Gaiennie
15. Private Henry William Heisch
16. Private William Charlie Horton
17. Private Martin Hunt
18. Private Thomas Wilbur Kates
19. Private Clarence Edward Mathias
20. Private Albert Moore
21. Drummer John A. Murphy
22. Private William H. Murray
23. Private Harry Westley Orndoff
24. Corporal Reuben Jasper Phillips
25. Private Herbert Irving Preston
26. Private David John Scannell
27. Private France Silva
28. Gunnery Sergeant Peter Stewart
29. Sergeant Clarence Edwin Sutton
30. Private Oscar J. Upham
31. Sergeant Edward Alexander Walker
32. Private Frank Albert Young
33. Private William Zion

1. Sergeant John Henry Helms
2. Private Louis Fred Pfeifer

1. Major Randolph Carter Berkeley
2. Major Smedley Darlington Butler
3. Major Albertus W. Catlin
4. Captain Jesse Farley Dyer
5. Captain Eli Thompson Fryer
6. Captain Walter Newell Hill
7. Captain John Arthur Hughes
8. Lieutenant Colonel Wendell Cushing Neville
9. Major George Croghan Reid

1. Major Smedley Darlington Butler
2. Gunnery Sergeant Daniel Joseph Daly
3. Private Samuel Gross
4. Sergeant Ross Lindsey Iams
5. First Lieutenant Edward Albert Ostermann
6. Captain William Peterkin Upshur

1. Corporal Joseph Anthony Glowin
2. First Lieutenant Ernest Calvin Williams
3. First Sergeant Roswell Winans

1. Sergeant Louis Cukela
2. Gunnery Sergeant Ernest August Janson
3. Private John Joseph Kelly
4. Sergeant Matej Kocak
5. Corporal John Henry Pruitt
6. Gunnery Sergeant Robert Guy Robinson
7. Gunnery Sergeant Fred W. Stockham
8. Second Lieutenant Ralph Talbot

1. Corporal William Robert Button
2. Sergeant Herman Henry Hanneken|Herman Henry Hanneken

1. Private Albert Joseph Smith

1. First Lieutenant Christian Frank Schilt
2. Corporal Donald Leroy Truesdale, aka Donald LeRoy Truesdell

• indicates posthumous award

1. Private First Class Harold Christ Agerholm*
2. Private First Class Richard Beatty Anderson*
3. Major Kenneth D. Bailey*
4. Sergeant John Basilone
5. Lieutenant Colonel Harold William Bauer*
6. Corporal Lewis Kenneth Bausell*
7. Corporal Charles Joseph Berry*
8. First Lieutenant Alexander Bonnyman, Jr.*
9. Staff Sergeant William James Bordelon
10. Major Gregory Boyington
11. Corporal Richard Earl Bush
12. Private First Class William Robert Caddy
13. First Lieutenant George Ham Cannon
14. Corporal Anthony Casamento
15. Lieutenant Colonel Justice Marion Chambers
16. Sergeant Darrell Samuel Cole
17. Major Henry Alexuis Courtney, Jr.
18. Corporal Anthony Peter Damato
19. Corporal James L. Day
20. First Lieutenant Jefferson Joseph DeBlanc
21. Captain Robert Hugo Dunlap (Robert H. Dunlap was a Marine Corps general during WWI)
22. Lieutenant Colonel Aquilla James Dyess
23. Colonel Merritt Austin Edson
24. Captain Henry Talmage Elrod
25. Private First Class Harold Glenn Epperson
26. Corporal John Peter Fardy
27. Captain Richard Eugen Fleming
28. Captain Joseph Jacob Foss
29. Private First Class William Adelbert Foster
30. Major Robert Edward Galer
31. Private First Class Harold Gonsalves
32. Sergeant Ross Franklin Gray
33. Private First Class Henry Gurke
34. Private Dale Merlin Hansen
35. First Lieutenant Robert Murray Hanson
36. Sergeant William George Harrell
37. Corporal Louis James Hauge, Jr.
38. First Lieutenant William Deane Hawkins
39. Private First Class Arthur J. Jackson
40. Private First Class Douglas Thomas Jacobson
41. Platoon Sergeant Joseph Rodolph Julian
42. Sergeant Elbert Luther Kinser
43. Private First Class Richard Edward Kraus
44. Private First Class James Dennis La Belle
45. Second Lieutenant John Harold Leims
46. Private First Class Jacklyn Harrell Lucas
47. First Lieutenant Jack Lummus
48. First Lieutenant Harry Linn Martin
49. Private First Class Leonard Foster Mason
50. Gunnery Sergeant Robert Howard McCard
51. Captain Joseph Jeremiah McCarthy
52. Private Robert Miller McTureous, Jr.
53. Private First Class John Dury New
54. Sergeant Robert Allen Owens
55. Private Joseph William Ozbourn
56. Platoon Sergeant Mitchell Paige
57. Private First Class Wesley Phelps
58. Private George Phillips
59. Captain Everett Parker Pope
60. First Lieutenant John Vincent Power
61. Private First Class Charles Howard Roan
62. First Lieutenant Carlton Robert Rouh
63. Private First Class Donald Jack Ruhl
64. Private First Class Albert Earnest Schwab
65. Colonel David Monroe Shoup
66. Private Franklin Earl Sigler
67. Private First Class Luther Skaggs, Jr.
68. Major John Lucian Smith
69. Private Richard Keith Sorenson
70. Corporal Tony Stein
71. First Lieutenant James Elms Swett
72. Sergeant Herbert Joseph Thomas
73. Sergeant Clyde A. Thomason
74. Sergeant Grant Frederick Timmerman
75. Major General Alexander Archer Vandegrift
76. First Lieutenant Kenneth Ambrose Walsh
77. Gunnery Sergeant William Gary Walsh
78. Private Wilson Douglas Watson
79. Corporal Hershel Woodrow Williams
80. Captain Louis Hugh Wilson, Jr.
81. Private First Class Robert Lee Wilson
82. Private First Class Frank Peter Witek

1. Corporal Charles Gene Abrell
2. Captain William Earl Barber
3. Private First Class William Bernard Baugh
4. Private Hector Albert Cafferata, Jr.
5. Corporal David Bernard Champagne
6. Private First Class Stanley Reuben Christianson
7. First Lieutenant Henry Alfred Commiskey, Sr.
8. Corporal Jack Arden Davenport
9. Lieutenant Colonel Raymond Gilbert Davis
10. Corporal Duane Edgar Dewey
11. Private First Class Fernando Luis Garcia
12. Private First Class Edward Gomez
13. Staff Sergeant Ambrosio Guillen
14. Sergeant James Edmund Johnson
15. Private First Class John Doren Kelly
16. Private Jack William Kelso
17. Staff Sergeant Robert Sidney Kennemore
18. Private First Class Herbert A. Littleton
19. First Lieutenant Baldomero Lopez
20. Sergeant Daniel P. Matthews
21. Sergeant Frederick William Mausert III
22. Private First Class Alford Lee McLaughlin
23. First Lieutenant Frank Nicias Mitchell
24. Private First Class Walter Carleton Monegan, Jr.
25. Private First Class Whitt Lloyd Moreland
26. Second Lieutenant Raymond Gerald Murphy
27. Major Reginald Rodney Myers
28. Private First Class Eugene Arnold Obregon
29. Second Lieutenant George Herman O'Brien, Jr.
30. Corporal Lee Hugh Phillips
31. Sergeant James Irsley Poynter
32. Second Lieutenant George Henry Ramer
33. Second Lieutenant Robert Dale Reem
34. Staff Sergeant William Edward Shuck, Jr.
35. Private First Class Robert Ernest Simanek
36. Captain Carl Leonard Sitter
37. Second Lieutenant Sherrod Emerson Skinner, Jr.
38. Staff Sergeant Archie Van Winkle
39. Corporal Joseph Vittori
40. Staff Sergeant Lewis George Watkins
41. Technical Sergeant Harold Edward Wilson
42. Staff Sergeant William Gordon Windrich

1. Private First Class James Anderson, Jr.
2. Lance Corporal Richard Allen Anderson
3. Private First Class Oscar P. Austin
4. Lance Corporal Jedh Colby Barker
5. First Lieutenant Harvey Curtiss Barnum, Jr.
6. Second Lieutenant John Paul Bobo
7. Private First Class Daniel D. Bruce
8. Private First Class Robert C. Burke
9. Private First Class Bruce Wayne Carter
10. Private First Class Raymond Michael Clausen, Jr.
11. Private First Class Ronald L. Coker
12. Staff Sergeant Peter Spencer Connor
13. Colonel Donald Gilbert Cook
14. Lance Corporal Thomas E. Creek
15. Sergeant Rodney Maxwell Davis
16. Lance Corporal Emilio Albert De La Garza, Jr.
17. Private First Class Ralph Ellis Dias
18. Private First Class Douglas Eugene Dickey
19. Sergeant Paul Hellstrom Foster
20. First Lieutenant Wesley Lee Fox
21. Sergeant Alfredo Gonzalez
22. Captain James Albert Graham
23. Second Lieutenant Terrence Collinson Graves
24. Staff Sergeant Jimmie Earl Howard
25. Lance Corporal James Donnie Howe
26. Private First Class Robert H. Jenkins, Jr.
27. Lance Corporal Jose Francisco Jimenez
28. Private First Class Ralph H. Johnson
29. Lance Corporal Miguel Keith
30. Staff Sergeant Allan J. Kellogg, Jr.
31. Captain Howard Vincent Lee
32. Captain James E. Livingston
33. Private First Class Gary Wayne Martini
34. Corporal Larry Leonard Maxam
35. Staff Sergeant John James McGinty III
36. Captain Robert Joseph Modrzejewski
37. Corporal William D. Morgan
38. Private First Class Melvin Earl Newlin
39. Lance Corporal Thomas P. Noonan, Jr.
40. Corporal Robert Emmet O'Malley
41. Lance Corporal Joe C. Paul
42. Corporal William Thomas Perkins, Jr.
43. Sergeant Lawrence David Peters
44. Private First Class Jimmy W. Phipps
45. Lance Corporal Richard Allen Pittman
46. Captain Stephen Wesley Pless
47. Lance Corporal William R. Prom
48. First Lieutenant Frank Stanley Reasoner
49. Sergeant Walter K. Singleton
50. Corporal Larry Eugene Smedley
51. Staff Sergeant Karl Gorman Taylor, Sr.
52. Captain Jay R. Vargas
53. Lance Corporal Lester W. Weber
54. Lance Corporal Roy Mitchell Wheat
55. Private First Class Dewayne T. Williams
56. Private First Class Alfred M. Wilson
57. Lance Corporal Kenneth L. Worley

• Marine Corps Medal of Honor recipients
• [[1]] Valor - USMC MOH recipients

---

Welcome!

Hello, ERcheck/Sandbox, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:

• The five pillars of Wikipedia
• How to edit a page
• Help pages
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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Wikipedia:Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place {{helpme}} on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! 

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USMC Quotes:

The Honorable John H. Dalton, Secretary of the Navy

The development of the concept of amphibious warfare was initiated by Marine Corps Commandants who combined authority with conviction and knowledge. From its origins during the tenures of Commandants John Lejeune, Wendell Neville, and Benjamin Fuller, through the establishment of the Fleet Marine Force under General John H. Russell, all Naval Academy graduates, the development of the Marine Corps as America's expeditionary force was the result of leadership. It was backed by the experience of campaigns in the Caribbean, Central America, the Pacific and China. These leaders spoke with authority in directing new ideas because they had experienced the old ideas and borne the scars.

— Honorable John H. Dalton, Secretary of the Navy, "Timeless Traits of Leadership", USNA Graduation, Annapolis, MD, 31 May 1995.

TIMELESS TRAITS OF LEADERSHIP

Dan Daly

"I can't see how a single man could spend his time to better advantage than in the Marines." 1919 #1

Archibald Henderson

Tradition holds that he pinned a note to his door that read, "Gone to Florida to fight the Indians. Will be back when the war is over." — Archibald Henderson(1837) Gone to Florida to fight the Indians. Will be back when the war is

over. #2 [Col. Archibald Henderson, USMC (CMC); in a note pinned to his office door, 1836]

Thomas E. Ricks, Making the Corps, 1997

The United States Marine Corps, with it fiercely proud tradition of excellence in combat, its hallowed rituals, and its unbending code of honor, is part of the fabric of American myth. #3

John A. Lejeune

"Leadership is the sum of those qualities of intellect, human understanding, and moral character that enables a person to inspire and control a group of people successfully." - John A. Lejeune

Author Unknown, often attributed to Ronald Reagan

"Some people spend an entire lifetime wondering if they've made a difference. The Marines don't have that problem."

Thomas E. Ricks, Making the Corps, 1997

The United States Marine Corps, with it fiercely proud tradition of excellence in combat, its hallowed rituals, and its unbending code of honor, is part of the fabric of American myth.

James Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy, February 23, 1945

The raising of that flag on Suribachi means a Marine Corps for the next five hundred years. (the flag-raising on Iwo Jima had been immortalized in a photograph by Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal)

General Charles C. Krulak, CMC, May 5, 1997

For over 221 years our Corps has done two things for this great Nation. We make Marines, and we win battles.

Paul H. Douglas

"Those of us who have had the priviledge of serving in the Marine Corps value our experience as among the most precious of our lives. The fellowship of shared hardships and dangers in a worthy cause creates a close bond of comradeship. It is the basic reason for the cohesiveness of Marines and for the pride we have in our corps and our loyalty to each other." -(Senator Paul H. Douglas)

---

Ben Grauer (June 2, 1908–May 31, 1977) was a child actor in the 1920s, both in film and on Broadway and an NBC radio and television announcer as an adult ("Voice of the Peacock").

Grauer was born Benjamin Franklin Gauer in Staten Island, New York in 1908. He began his career as a child actor in 1915, both on Broadway and in silent films. Among his credits were roles in films directed by D.W. Griffith.

After graduating from Townsend Harris High School, he received his B.A from City College of New York in 1930. After graduation, he began his 40+ year career with the National Broadcasting Company (NBC). He began as a radio actor, then moved in to radio broadcasting. In 1939, he broadcast NBC's first television special from the New York World's Fair.

He married interior designer Melanie Kahane in 1954.

Grauer began his acting career in radio, and soon became part of the broadcasting staff at the National Broadcasting Company. He was the main announcer for the NBC Symphony Broadcasts on radio and TV from 1937 until 1954. Arturo Toscanini said he was his favorite announcer.

In 1932, Grauer began covered the Olympic Games, presidential inaugurations, and international events. During his 40-year broadcasting career, he hosted over a dozen TV programs on NBC including game shows, quiz shows, concerts and news programs. Ben Grauer is best remembered as the host of NBC radio and televisions's annual New Year's Eve broadcasts Live from Times Square. For decades, these broadcasts were part of the NBC Tonight Show, where he worked not only with Johnny Carson, but his predecessors. He retired from NBC in 1973.

In the decade before his death, Grauer collected material for a projected history of prices and pricing, with special attention to book prices. He was active in several professional journalistic organizations as well as the Grolier Club. Grauer always had a great interest in the graphic arts, he even printed his own Christmas Cards.

Grauer died in New York City in 1977.

• His Woman (1919)
• Mad Woman (1919)
• The Idol Dancer (1920) .... as Native Boy (film directed by D.W. Griffith)
• Annabel Lee (1921) .... David Martin, as a child
• My Friend the Devil (1922) .... George Dryden, as a boy

• Gaslight Follies (1945) .... Narrator, 'Stars of Yesterday'
• Fight of the Wild Stallions (1947) .... Narrator
• Kon-Tiki (1950) (voice) .... Narrator

Gauers greatest fame lies in his legendary 40-year career in radio. In 1930, at the age of 22, Grauer joined the staff at NBC. He quickly rose through the ranks, to become a senior commentator and reporter. He was the designated announcer for the popular 1940s Walter Winchell "Information Please." Perhaps, most importantly, he was selected by Arturo Toscanini to become the voice of the NBC Symphony Orchestra (Grauer took over in 1940 and remained until it was left the air in June 1954). Grauer did both the Toscanini radio and TV broadcasts. Several years after the death of Toscanini, Ben Grauer, together with the composer Don Gillis (who produced the NBC broadcasts from 1947-1954), created the Peabody Award-winning radio series: Toscanini, the Man Behind the Legend." It began in 1963 and continued through the centennial of Toscanini's birth in 1967. This series ran for nearly two decades on NBC and then other radio stations until the early 1980's. During his distingished radio career Grauer covered nearly every major historic event, including the Morro Castle fire, the Paris Peace Conference, and the U.S. occupation of Japan. Millions remember Ben Grauer for his NBC broadcast coverage of the New Year's celebrations on both radio and TV. Between 1951 and 1969 Grauer covered these events eleven times live from New York's Times Square.

Radio shows:

• Pot o' Gold (1939-1941): Considered the first "interactive" broadcast program. A popular game show hosted by Grauer. Horace Heidt and his Musical Knights played while Grauer asked listeners questions on the phone. It was this program that introduced the famous phrase: "Stop the Music."
• Atlantic Spotlight (1940s): Grauer would chat across the Atlantic Ocean with BBC announcer in London.
• Battle of the Sexes (1938): NBC quiz show
• Information Please (1938-1952): NBC quiz show
• Living (1948-1952): Host; Cast included Alexander Scourby and Art Carney
• Sleep No More (1956-1957): NBC radio drama
• What Would You Have Done?: NBC radio drama

Ben Grauer provided the commentary for NBC's first television special, the opening of the 1939 New York World's Fair. Grauer, together with John Cameron Swayze, provided the first live television coverage of a the national political conventions in 1948. In 1956, NBC began broadcasting some of their shows in "Living Color".

In 1957, the animated Peacock logo made it's debut, with a musical score by Lou Garisto and the voice was Ben Grauer intoning the memorable words, "The following program is brought to you in living color on NBC." In addition to his reporting, commentating, and voice roles, Gauer hosted many popular radio and television programs including:

Television shows:

• Americana (1947-1949): American history quiz show - host
• The Ben Grauer Show(1950), also known as You Are An Artist: Learn to draw show with Jon Gnagy - host
• The Big Story (1949-1957) Drama anthology (NBC)
• Eyewitness (1947-1948): Documentary series on the history of television, including behind-the-scenes of broadcasting - host
• In Town Today (1951) RCA variety specials, included Bob Hope showing off new TV sets
• It's a Problem (1951-1952): A trio of experts discussing everyday living difficulties
• Kay Kyser's Kollege of Music Knowledge (1949-1954): Musical quiz show
• Lewisohn Stadium Concerts (1950): Concerts featuring the New York Philharmonic
• March of Medicine (1958): Medical documentary series
• The Sacco-Vanzetti Story (1960) Mini-series, narrated by Grauer
• Say It With Acting (1949-1952): Game show, with teams from Broadway shows playing charades - host
• Tactic (1959): Series, guest stars included Alfred Hitchcock and William Shatner
• What Happened? (1952): Game show in which panelists had to find out why each guest was important - host
• College of Musical Knowledge: Game show - announcer

• Ben Grauer, Hall of Game Show Fame.
• History of the NBC Peacock

• Ben Grauer at IMDb
• Toscanini and the History of the NBC Symphony plus Live WWII broadcast - includes audio of a complete NBC Symphony Concert with Gauer announcing
• You Are An Artist (TV Series 1946-1950) at the Internet Movie Database
• Eye Witness (TV Series 1947-1948) at the Internet Movie Database

• Living Episode Guide, Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs. Accessed January 30, 2006
• Ben Gauer interviews Eleanor Roosevelt, July 2, 1957, audio recording from C-SPAN. Accessed January 30, 2006

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