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This is a collection of Wiki markup for grammatical stuff; just for my own reference.

Swedish Noun Declension

	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite form	Definite form	Indefinite form	Definite form
Nominative	fisk	fisken	fiskar	fiskarna
Genitive	fisks	fiskens	fiskars	fiskarnas

{| class="wikitable" |- ! rowspan=2 | ! colspan=2 | Singular ! colspan=2 | Plural |- ! ''Indefinite form'' ! ''Definite form'' ! ''Indefinite form'' ! ''Definite form'' |- ! ''Nominative'' | fisk | fisken | fiskar | fiskarna |- ! ''Genitive'' | fisks | fiskens | fiskars | fiskarnas |}

Nafaanra Aligned Sentence

mùùrà kà ní čàà mè gbú mè é nyìè tɛ́ɛ́ mè kí lóó

story some I want and-FUTURE beat and-FUTURE your ear put and-FUTURE it hear

I want to tell a story for you to hear.

* {{unicode|mùùrà kà ní čàà mè gbú mè é nyìè tɛ́ɛ́ mè kí lóó}}{{audio|muura.ogg| }} :story some I want and-FUTURE beat and-FUTURE your ear put and-FUTURE it hear :''I want to tell a story for you to hear.''

Gbe Language Family Comparative Examples

*Sentential negation* (examples adapted from Aboh 2003 unpublished handout)
Kɔ̀jó má xɔ̀ kátikáti lɔ́	Kojo NEG buy kite DET	Kojo did not buy the kite	(Gungbe)
Kɔ̀kú má ná xɔ̀ àsɔ́n ɔ́	Koku NEG FUT buy crab DET	Koku will not buy the crab	(Fongbe)
Kɔ̀kú ná xɔ̀ àsɔ́n ɔ́ ã	Koku FUT buy crab DET NEG	Koku will not buy the crab	(Fongbe)
Kòfi mé ɖù nú ò	Kofi NEG eat thing NEG	Kofi did not eat	(Ewegbe)

<div style="margin-left:18px"> {| |+ style="border-bottom:2px dotted #CCCCCC; text-align:left" | ''Sentential negation'' (examples adapted from Aboh 2003 unpublished handout) |style="padding-right:10px"| Kɔ̀jó '''má''' xɔ̀ kátikáti lɔ́ ||style="padding-right:10px"| Kojo NEG buy kite DET ||style="padding-right:10px"| ''Kojo did not buy the kite'' ||style="padding-right:10px"| (Gungbe) |- | Kɔ̀kú '''má''' ná xɔ̀ àsɔ́n ɔ́ || Koku NEG FUT buy crab DET || ''Koku will not buy the crab'' || (Fongbe) |- | Kɔ̀kú ná xɔ̀ àsɔ́n ɔ́ '''ã''' || Koku FUT buy crab DET NEG || ''Koku will not buy the crab'' || (Fongbe) |- | Kòfi '''mé''' ɖù nú '''ò''' || Kofi NEG eat thing NEG || ''Kofi did not eat'' || (Ewegbe) |} </div>

Classical vs Vulgar Latin Right-side Chart

Classical Latin
Nominative:	rosa
Accusative:	rosam
Genitive:	rosae
Dative:	rosae
Ablative:	rosā
Vulgar Latin
Nominative:	rosa
Accusative:	rosa
Genitive:	rose
Dative:	rose
Ablative:	rosa

{| font="Arial Unicode MS" align="right" style="margin: 2px; margin-left: 12px;" ! Classical Latin |- |Nominative:||''rosa'' |- |Accusative:||''rosam'' |- |Genitive:||''rosae'' |- |Dative:||''rosae'' |- |Ablative:||''rosā'' |- ! Vulgar Latin |- |Nominative:||''rosa'' |- |Accusative:||''rosa'' |- |Genitive:||''rose'' |- |Dative:||''rose'' |- |Ablative:||''rosa'' |}

Table of Annotated Lines from the Lusiads

Excerpt from «The Lusiads» (I, 33)

Translation	Original	IPA (EP pronunciation)	IPA (BP pronunciation)
Against him stood beautiful Venus	Sustentava contra ele Vénus bela,	suʃtẽˈtavɐ ˈkõtɾɐ ˈelɨ ˈvɛnuʒ ˈbɛlɐ	sustẽʲˈtava ˈkõtɾa ˈeli ˈvẽnus ˈbɛla
Affectionate for the Lusitanian people,	Afeiçoada à gente Lusitana,	ɐfɐi̯su̯ˈaða ˈʒẽtɨ luziˈtɐnɐ	afeisoˈada a ˈʒẽʲtʲi luziˈtɜ̃na
For all the qualities she saw in them	Por quantas qualidades via nela	puɾ ˈku̯ɐ̃tɐʃ ku̯ɐliˈðaðɨʒ ˈviɐ ˈnɛlɐ	pux ˈkwɜ̃tas kwaliˈdadʲis ˈvia ˈnɛla
Of her beloved old Roman folk;	Da antiga tão amada sua Romana;	dãˈtigɐ tɐ̃ũ ̯ ɐˈmaðɐ ˈsuɐ ʁuˈmɐnɐ	da ˈɜ̃tʲiga tɜ̃w̃ aˈmada ˈsua xõˈmɜ̃na
In the strong hearts, in the great star,	Nos fortes corações, na grande estrela,	nuʃ ˈfɔɾtɨʃ kuɾɐˈsõĩ ̯ʃ nɐ ˈgɾɐ̃dɨʃˈtɾelɐ	nus ˈfɔxtʲis kɔɾaˈsõj̃s, na gɾɜ̃dʲi esˈtɾela
That they had shown in the lands of Tangiers,	Que mostraram na terra Tingitana,	kɨ muʃˈtɾaɾɐ̃ũ ̯ nɐ ˈtɛʁɐ tĩʒiˈtɐnɐ	ki mɔsˈtɾaɾɜ̃w̃ na ˈtɛxa tʲĩʲʒiˈtɜ̃na
And in their language, which when she imagines,	E na língua, na qual quando imagina,	i nɐ ˈlĩgu̯ɐ nɐ ku̯aɫ ˈku̯ɐ̃du̯imɐˈʒinɐ	i na ˈlĩgwa, na kwaw ˈkwɜ̃du imaˈʒĩna
With little strain she can believe is the Latin tongue.	Com pouca corrupção crê que é a Latina.	kõ ˈpokɐ kuʁupˈsɐ̃ũ ̯ kɾe ki̯ɛ ɐ lɐˈtinɐ	kõ ˈpowka koxupˈsɜ̃w̃ kɾe ki ɛ a laˈtʲĩna

;''Excerpt from «[[The Lusiad]]s» (I, 33)'' {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" style="font-family: Lucida Sans Unicode" |- !bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Translation !bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Original !bgcolor=#EEEEEE|[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] ([[European Portuguese|EP]] pronunciation) !bgcolor=#EEEEEE|[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] ([[Brazilian Portuguese|BP]] pronunciation) |-e&#771 |Against him stood beautiful Venus |Sustentava contra ele Vénus bela, |{{IPA|suʃtẽˈtavɐ ˈkõtɾɐ ˈelɨ ˈvɛnuʒ ˈbɛlɐ}} ||{{IPA|sustẽʲˈtava ˈkõtɾa ˈeli ˈvẽnus ˈbɛla}} |- |Affectionate for the Lusitanian people, |Afeiçoada à gente Lusitana, |{{IPA|ɐfɐi̯su̯ˈaða ˈʒẽtɨ luziˈtɐnɐ}} |{{IPA|afeisoˈada a ˈʒẽʲtʲi luziˈtɜ̃na}} |- |For all the qualities she saw in them |Por quantas qualidades via nela |{{IPA|puɾ ˈku̯ɐ̃tɐʃ ku̯ɐliˈðaðɨʒ ˈviɐ ˈnɛlɐ}} |{{IPA|pux ˈkwɜ̃tas kwaliˈdadʲis ˈvia ˈnɛla}} |- |Of her beloved old Roman folk; |Da antiga tão amada sua Romana; |{{IPA|dãˈtigɐ tɐ̃ũ ̯ ɐˈmaðɐ ˈsuɐ ʁuˈmɐnɐ}} |{{IPA|da ˈɜ̃tʲiga tɜ̃w̃ aˈmada ˈsua xõˈmɜ̃na}} |- |In the strong hearts, in the great star, |Nos fortes corações, na grande estrela, |{{IPA|nuʃ ˈfɔɾtɨʃ kuɾɐˈsõĩ ̯ʃ nɐ ˈgɾɐ̃dɨʃˈtɾelɐ}} |{{IPA|nus ˈfɔxtʲis kɔɾaˈsõj̃s, na gɾɜ̃dʲi esˈtɾela}} |- |That they had shown in the lands of Tangiers, |Que mostraram na terra Tingitana, |{{IPA|kɨ muʃˈtɾaɾɐ̃ũ ̯ nɐ ˈtɛʁɐ tĩʒiˈtɐnɐ}} |{{IPA|ki mɔsˈtɾaɾɜ̃w̃ na ˈtɛxa tʲĩʲʒiˈtɜ̃na}} |- |And in their language, which when she imagines, |E na língua, na qual quando imagina, |{{IPA|i nɐ ˈlĩgu̯ɐ nɐ ku̯aɫ ˈku̯ɐ̃du̯imɐˈʒinɐ}} |{{IPA|i na ˈlĩgwa, na kwaw ˈkwɜ̃du imaˈʒĩna}} |- |With little strain she can believe is the Latin tongue. |Com pouca corrupção crê que é a Latina. |{{IPA|kõ ˈpokɐ kuʁupˈsɐ̃ũ ̯ kɾe ki̯ɛ ɐ lɐˈtinɐ}} |{{IPA|kõ ˈpowka koxupˈsɜ̃w̃ kɾe ki ɛ a laˈtʲĩna}} |}

Russian Noun Declension Russian grammar

First Declension - Masculine Nouns

Nouns ending in a consonant are marked in the following table with -0- (thus no ending).

                  Singular                                
Nominative        -0-           -ь           -й           -ий             
Genitive          -а            -я           -я           -ия             
Dative            -у            -ю           -ю           -ию  
Accusative        -0- / -а      -ь  / -я     -й  / -я     -ий / ия   
Instrumental      -ом           -ем (3)      -ем (3)      -ием
Prepositional     -е            -е           -е           -ии

                 Plural
Nominative        -ы  (1)       -и           -и           -ии
Genitive          -ов (2)       -ей          -ев (3)      -иев
Dative            -ам           -ям          -ям          -иям
Accusative        -ы (1)/ ов    -и / ей      -и / ев (3)  -ии / иев 
Instrumental      -ами          -ями         -ями         -иями
Prepositional     -ах           -ях          -ях          -иях

'''First Declension - Masculine Nouns''' Nouns ending in a consonant are marked in the following table with -0- (thus no ending). Singular Nominative -0- -ь -й -ий Genitive -а -я -я -ия Dative -у -ю -ю -ию Accusative -0- / -а -ь / -я -й / -я -ий / ия Instrumental -ом -ем (3) -ем (3) -ием Prepositional -е -е -е -ии Plural Nominative -ы (1) -и -и -ии Genitive -ов (2) -ей -ев (3) -иев Dative -ам -ям -ям -иям Accusative -ы (1)/ ов -и / ей -и / ев (3) -ии / иев Instrumental -ами -ями -ями -иями Prepositional -ах -ях -ях -иях