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Linguistic rights

Italy

See also: Languages of Italy

The Italian Constitution does not mention Italian as the official language of the State. However, both the Statute of Trentino-Alto Adige[1], which has the value of Constitutional Law, and the ordinary law no.482/1999[2] explicitly refer to Italian as the official language of the State. Further recognitions can be found in art. 122 of the Code of Civil Procedure[3] and in art. 109 the Code of Criminal Procedure[4].

Minority languages are protected by the Constitution in art. 6[5] and the State has commited to their preservation[2]. Some of these, such as Albanian, Catalan, German, Greek, Slovene, Croatian, French, Franco-Provençal, Friulian, Ladin, Occitan and Sardinian, are officially recognized and included in the ordinary law no. 482/1999, Art. 2, comma 1. These are further protected by the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, signed and ratified by Italy in 1997, which applies to all the groups mentioned in the 1999 national law, with the addition of the Romani.

Regional legislations have assured supplementary recognition for local idioms. Whereas in the cases of Trentino-South Tyrol and Aosta Valley, these minority languages (German and French respectively) are treated as equivalent, and thus co-official, of Italian and officially used in public offices and administrative documents[1][6], in other cases they are merely recognized or "promoted", as in the examples of Veneto[7] and Sicily[8]. The teaching and learning of these minority languages is ensured from the first levels of the Italian educational system until the high school in the areas in which these languages are spoken (Law no. 482/1999, Art. 4, comma 1)[2].

Italy is also a signatory of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, but it has not yet ratified it. Therefore its provisions protecting regional languages do not apply in the country[9].

  1. ^ a b "Statuto Speciale per il Trentino-Alto Adige" (PDF). www.regione.taa.it. Retrieved 2018-12-08. [...] [la lingua] italiana [...] è la lingua ufficiale dello Stato
  2. ^ a b c "Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche". In attuazione dell'articolo 6 della Costituzione e in armonia con i princípi generali stabiliti dagli organismi europei e internazionali, la Repubblica tutela la lingua e la cultura delle popolazioni albanesi, catalane, germaniche, greche, slovene e croate e di quelle parlanti il francese, il franco-provenzale, il friulano, il ladino, l'occitano e il sardo
  3. ^ "Disposizioni generali - Degli atti processuali". Altalex. Retrieved 2018-12-13. In tutto il processo è prescritto l'uso della lingua italiana
  4. ^ "Atti - Disposizioni generali". Altalex. Retrieved 2018-12-13. Gli atti del procedimento penale sono compiuti in lingua italiana.
  5. ^ "Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana" (PDF). La Repubblica tutela con apposite norme le minoranze linguistiche.
  6. ^ "Consiglio Regionale della Valle d'Aosta - Statuto speciale". www.consiglio.vda.it. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  7. ^ "Legge regionale 13 aprile 2007, n. 8 "Tutela, valorizzazione e promozione del patrimonio linguistico e culturale Veneto"". www.consiglioveneto.it. Retrieved 2018-12-13. "La Regione del Veneto considera la tutela, la valorizzazione e la promozione del patrimonio linguistico e culturale veneto una questione centrale per lo sviluppo dell'autonomia regionale" (art. 2, indent. 2)
  8. ^ "Legge 31 maggio 2011, n. 9 "Norme sulla promozione, valorizzazione ed insegnamento della storia, della letteratura e del patrimonio linguistico siciliano nelle scuole"" (PDF). www.gurs.regione.sicilia.it. Retrieved 2018-12-13. Sicilian is unofficial but recongized: "La Regione promuove la valorizzazione e l'insegnamento della storia, della letteratura e del patrimonio linguistico siciliano nelle scuole di ogni ordine e grado" (Art. 1, comma 1)
  9. ^ "European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages". Treaty Office. Retrieved 2018-12-13.

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