Template:Mem/testcases

Name
Alan Shepard
Wally Schirra
James Irwin
Edward Givens

Astronauts

Name Class year Notability References
Alan Shepard 1945 Rear Admiral, World War II veteran, Navy test pilot, first U.S. Astronaut in space onboard Mercury-Redstone 3 and only Mercury Seven astronaut to walk on the Moon while Commanding Apollo 14. [a][1][2]
Wally Schirra 1946 The only Astronaut to fly in America's first three space programs: Project Mercury (Mercury 8), Project Gemini (Gemini 6A), and Project Apollo (Apollo 7 Commander). [a][3][4]
James Irwin 1951 Served as an SR-71 Blackbird pilot and became a NASA astronaut, serving as the lunar module pilot on the Apollo 15, on which the first lunar rover was used. [a][5][6]
Donn F. Eisele 1952 Test pilot, CMP on Apollo 7, the first Apollo program crewed mission. [a][7][8]
Edward Givens 1952 Test pilot, died in an automobile crash before making a spaceflight. [a][9][10]
Jim Lovell 1952 Served in the Korean War, Navy test pilot, astronaut participating in Gemini 7, Gemini 12, Apollo 8, and commanding the ill-fated Apollo 13, which he brought back safely. [a][11][12]
Thomas Patten Stafford 1952 Pilot, Gemini 6A, Commanded Gemini 9A, Apollo 10, and Apollo–Soyuz Test Project [a][13][14]
Theodore Freeman 1953 Test Pilot, died in a plane crash before making a spaceflight. [a][15][16]
William Anders 1955 Astronaut, flew on Apollo 8. Ambassador to Norway 1975–1977. [a][g][17][18]
Charles Duke 1957 Lunar Module Pilot Apollo 16 [a][19][20]
Bruce McCandless II 1958 Performed the first un-thethered spacewalk on STS-41-B and also flew on STS-31 [a][21][22]
S. David Griggs 1962 Performed an unscheduled spacewalk during STS-51-D [a][23][24]
Robert C. Springer 1964 Mission specialist on STS-29 and STS-38 [a][25][26]
John Oliver Creighton 1966 Pilot of STS-51-G, Commanded STS-36 and STS-48 [a][27][28]
David Walker 1966 Pilot of STS-51-A, Commanded STS-30, STS-53 and STS-69 [a][29][30]
James Buchli 1967 Mission specialist on STS-51-C, STS-61-A, STS-29 and STS-48 [a][31][32]
Michael J. Smith 1967 Pilot of the Space Shuttle Challenger when it was destroyed during STS-51-L. [a][33][34]
Charles F. Bolden Jr. 1968 United States Marine Corps test pilot; Pilot of STS-61-C and STS-31; Commanded STS-45 and STS-60. [a][35][36]
Michael Coats 1968 Pilot of STS-41-D, and Commanded STS-29 and STS-39 [a][37][38]
Bryan D. O'Connor 1968 Pilot of STS-61-B, and Commanded STS-40 [a][39][40]
John M. Lounge 1969 Mission specialist on STS-51-I, STS-26 and STS-35 [a][41][42]
Robert D. Cabana 1971 Pilot of STS-41 and STS-53, Commanded STS-65 and STS-88 [a][43][44]
Frank L. Culbertson Jr. 1971 Pilot of STS-38, Commanded STS-51 and International Space Station Expedition 3 [a][45][46]
David Leestma 1971 Mission specialist on STS-41-G, STS-28 and STS-45 [a][47][48]
William Shepherd 1971 Mission specialist on STS-27, STS-41 and STS-52; Commanded International Space Station Expedition 1 [a][49][50]
John L. Phillips 1972 Mission specialist on STS-100 and STS-119; Flight Engineer of International Space Station Expedition 11 [a][51][52]
Stephen S. Oswald 1973 Pilot of STS-42 and STS-56, Commanded STS-67 [a][53][54]
Kenneth S. Reightler Jr. 1973 Pilot of STS-48 and STS-60 [a][55][56]
William F. Readdy 1974 Mission Specialist on STS-42, Pilot of STS-51 and Commanded STS-79 [a][57][58]
Stephen Thorne 1975 Test pilot, died in a plane crash before making a spaceflight [a][59][60]
Jerry M. Linenger 1977 Mission Specialist on STS-64, and long-duration spaceflight on the Mir space station [a][61][62]
Pierre J. Thuot 1977 Mission Specialist on STS-36, STS-49 and STS-62 [a][63][64]
Ken Bowersox 1978 Pilot of STS-50, Commanded STS-61, STS-73, STS-82 and International Space Station Expedition 6 [a][65][66]
Daniel W. Bursch 1979 Mission Specialist on STS-51, STS-68 and STS-77; Flight Engineer of International Space Station Expedition 4 [a][67][68]
Michael Foreman 1979 Mission Specialist on STS-123 [a][69][70]
Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie 1979 Pilot of STS-91 and STS-99; Commanded STS-108 and STS-123 [a][71][72]
Joe F. Edwards Jr. 1980 United States Navy test pilot, Pilot of STS-89. [a][73][74]
Michael López-Alegría 1980 Mission Specialist for STS-73, STS-92, and STS-113; Commanded International Space Station Expedition 14. American record holder for space walks, with 10. [a][75][76]
Kathryn P. Hire 1981 Mission Specialist on STS-90 and STS-130 [a][77][78]
Brent W. Jett Jr. 1981 Pilot of STS-72 and STS-81; Commanded STS-97 and STS-115 [a][79][80]
Wendy B. Lawrence 1981 Navy helicopter pilot and Mission Specialist for STS-67, STS-86, STS-91, and STS-114. Daughter of William P. Lawrence, Superintendent of the Academy while she was a Midshipman. [a][81][82]
Christopher Loria 1983 Assigned as the pilot of STS-113, but an injury resulted in medical disqualification from spaceflight. [a][83][84]
William Cameron McCool 1983 Pilot of Space Shuttle Columbia, killed when the craft disintegrated during re-entry at the conclusion of STS-107. [a][85][86]
Robert Curbeam 1984 Mission Specialist on STS-85, STS-98 and STS-116 [a][87][88]
Charles O. Hobaugh 1984 Pilot of STS-104 and STS-118; Will Command STS-129 [a][89][90]
George D. Zamka 1984 Pilot of STS-120; Will Command STS-130 [a][91][92]
Lisa Nowak 1985 Former astronaut, Mission Specialist on STS-121. [93]
Stephen Frick 1986 Pilot of STS-110 and Commanded STS-122 [a][94][95]
Stephen G. Bowen 1986 Mission Specialist on STS-126 [a][96][97]
Sunita Williams 1987 Flight Engineer of International Space Station Expeditions 14 and 15 [a][98][99]
Kenneth Ham 1987 Pilot of STS-124 [a][100][101]
Christopher Cassidy 1993 Mission Specialist on STS-127 [a][102][103]
Alan Shepherd aboard Freedom 7
James A. Lovell
Charles M. Duke Jr.
Charles Bolden
John L. Phillips
Jerry Linenger
Ken Bowersox
Michael López-Alegría
Wendy B. Lawrence
Sunita Williams

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ^ "Alan B. Shepherd Class of 1945". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  2. ^ "Alan B. Shepard Jr. (Rear Admiral, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  3. ^ "Walter M. Schirra Class of 1946". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  4. ^ "Walter M. Schirra (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  5. ^ "James Irwin Class of 1951". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  6. ^ "James F. Irwin (Colonel, USAF, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  7. ^ "Donn F. Eisele Class of 1952". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  8. ^ "Donn F. Eisele (Colonel, USAF, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  9. ^ "Edward G. Givens Class of 1952". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  10. ^ "Edward G. Givens (Major, USAF)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  11. ^ "James A. Lovell Class of 1952". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  12. ^ "James A. Lovell Jr. (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  13. ^ "Thomas P. Stafford Class of 1952". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  14. ^ "Thomas P. Stafford (Lieutenant General, USAF, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  15. ^ "Theodore C. Freeman Class of 1953". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  16. ^ "Theodore C. Freeman (Captain, USAF)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  17. ^ "William Anders Class of 1955". United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  18. ^ "William A. Anders (Major General, USAF Reserve, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  19. ^ "Charles Moss Duke Jr. Class of 1957". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  20. ^ "Charles M. Duke Jr. (Brigadier General, USAF, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  21. ^ "Bruce McCandless Class of 1958". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  22. ^ "Bruce McCandless II (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  23. ^ "David Griggs Class of 1962". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  24. ^ "S. David Griggs (Mr.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  25. ^ "Robert C. Springer Class of 1964". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  26. ^ "Robert C. Springer (Colonel, USMC, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  27. ^ "John O. Creighton Class of 1966". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  28. ^ "John O. Creighton (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  29. ^ "David M. Walker Class of 1966". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  30. ^ "David M. Walker (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  31. ^ "James F. Buchli Class of 1967". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  32. ^ "James F. Buchli (Colonel, USMC, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  33. ^ "Michael J. Smith Class of 1967". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  34. ^ "Michael J. Smith (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  35. ^ "Charles F. Bolden Class of 1968". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  36. ^ "Charles F. Bolden Jr. (Brig. General, USMC)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  37. ^ "Michael L. Coats Class of 1968". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  38. ^ "Michael L. Coats (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  39. ^ "Bryan D. O'Connor Class of 1968". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  40. ^ "Bryan D. O'Connor (Colonel, USMC, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  41. ^ "John M. Lounge Class of 1969". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  42. ^ "John M. "Mike" Lounge". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  43. ^ "Robert D. Cabana Class of 1971". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  44. ^ "Robert D. Cabana (Colonel, USMC, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  45. ^ "Frank L. Culbertson Class of 1971". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  46. ^ "Frank L. Culbertson Jr. (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  47. ^ "David C. Leestma Class of 1971". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  48. ^ "David C. Leestma (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  49. ^ "William M. Shepherd Class of 1971". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  50. ^ "William M. Shepherd (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  51. ^ "John L. Phillips Class of 1972". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  52. ^ "John L. Phillips (Ph.D.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  53. ^ "Stephen S. Oswald Class of 1973". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  54. ^ "Stephen S. Oswald (Mr.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  55. ^ "Kenneth S. Reightler Jr Class of 1973". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  56. ^ "Kenneth S. Reightler Jr. (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  57. ^ "William F. Readdy Class of 1974". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  58. ^ "William F. Readdy". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  59. ^ "Stephen D. Thorne Class of 1975". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  60. ^ "Stephen D. Thorne (Lieutenant Commander, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  61. ^ "J.M. Linenger Class of 1977". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  62. ^ "J. M. Linenger, M.D., M.S.S.M., M.P.H., Ph.D. (Captain, Medical Corps, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  63. ^ "Pierre J. Thuot Class of 1977". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  64. ^ "Pierre J. Thuot (Commander, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  65. ^ "Kenneth D. Bowersox Class of 1978". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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  67. ^ "Daniel W. Bursch Class of 1979". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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  69. ^ "Michael J. Foreman Class of 1979". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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  71. ^ "Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie Class of 1979". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  72. ^ "Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  73. ^ "Joe Frank Edwards Jr Class of 1980". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  74. ^ "Joe Frank Edwards Jr. (Commander, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  75. ^ "Michael E. Lopez-Alegria Class of 1980". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  76. ^ "Michael E. Lopez-Alegria (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  77. ^ "Kathryn P. Hire Class of 1981". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  78. ^ "Kathryn P. (Kay) Hire (Captain, U.S. Navy Reserve)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  79. ^ "Brent W. Jett Jr. Class of 1981". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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  81. ^ "Wendy B. Lawrence Class of 1981". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  82. ^ "Wendy B. Lawrence (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  83. ^ "Christopher J. Loria Class of 1983". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  84. ^ "Christopher J. "Gus" Loria (Lieutenant Colonel, USMC)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  85. ^ "William C. McCool Class of 1983". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  86. ^ "William C. McCool (Commander, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  87. ^ "Robert L. Curbeam Jr Class of 1984". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  88. ^ "Robert L. Curbeam Jr. (Captain, USN, Ret.)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  89. ^ "Charles Owen Hobaugh Class of 1984". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  90. ^ "Charles Owen Hobaugh (Colonel, USMC)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  91. ^ "George D. Zamka Class of 1984". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  92. ^ "George D. Zamka (Colonel, USMC)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  93. ^ "Lisa M. Nowak (Captain USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  94. ^ "Stephen N. Frick Class of 1986". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  95. ^ "Stephen N. Frick (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  96. ^ "Stephen G. Bowen Class of 1986". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  97. ^ "Stephen G. Bowen (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  98. ^ "Sunita L. Williams Class of 1987". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  99. ^ "Sunita L. Williams (Captain, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  100. ^ "Kenneth T. Ham Class of 1987". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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  102. ^ "Christopher J. Cassidy Class of 1993". USNA Astronauts. United States Naval Academy. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  103. ^ "Christopher J. Cassidy (Commander, USN)". Biographical Data. NASA. Retrieved 2009-02-15.

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