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Streater's exact rationale is for his criticism, but to me the universal wavefunction is meaningless because it purports to say something about the totality...

page, per the above discussion and the request at WP:RM. It seems that Wavefunction collapse should move as well, huh? I don't see any reason to go through...

Please do not insert the normalization of teh Laughlin wavefunction. An incorrect expression for this normalization has appeared on the web and keeps creeping...

by its wavefunction, but this wasn't his own idea. The effect of the entanglement of the apparatus wavefunction with the world's wavefunction had been...

introduction that introduces the reader to what a wavefunction exactly is. "The idea of a wavefunction is derived from the claim that all matter exhibits...

normalisable," We should note that this is true only for bound particles. Wavefunctions of scattered particles (e.g. unbound) can be periodic (at least asymptotically)...

amplitude involves an integral over the wavefunction and the potential. A full QM calculation for the wavefunction needs the presence of the single scattering...

think for an untrained reader (our audience), the idea that an arbitrary wavefunction can be written in terms of a complete set of measurement outcomes is...

to Wavefunction collapse. In the physics and philosophy literature, in my experience, "state vector reduction" is more common than "wavefunction collapse...

Then it says "it acts on the wavefunction" and gives that on a different line. Am I supposed to take it as the wavefunction is what comes right after the...

orbital is a one-electron wavefunction but this is by noway a reason for its energy to be quantized. One-electron wavefunctions can be time-depending wave...

paper by Lundeen et al. as follows: In 2011, a direct measurement of the wavefunction was reported, which was performed by means of a weak measurement of a...

Operators" where he explains that each of the eigenfunctions of the present wavefunction is a probable result of a measurement, with its accompanying eigenvalue...

operator or probability-projection subsets thereof of it; the fact that a wavefunction is defined (whether real or complex) and its modulus squared over an...

unobserved, the wavefunction refers to a objective physical property he called "potentia" (Möglichkeitsfeld). When observed, the wavefunction refers to "our...

operatorial theory primarily based on Schönberg's method of classical wavefunctions. Should this Wikipedia entry therefore be renamed to Operatorial approaches...

not: whether a wavefunction "collapses", or whether it just represents an increase in an observer's knowledge. If apparent wavefunction collapse is due...

measurement is performed, the wavefunction becomes one of the wavefunctions compatible with the measurement, i.e. a wavefunction that gives 100% probability...

complex numbers. The description of the wavefunction is thus often a complex function - and the wavefunction is related to the probability. Fresheneesz...

valid wavefunctions. If two atoms are nearby, their respective orbitals will noticeably deviate from orthogonality. Still, an electron wavefunction can...

particular variational treatment with a restricted basis set, "variational wavefunction", etc. Can somebody suggest a reference giving a more general treatmet...

meaning of r is that of a bond distance, the physical range where the wavefunctions should live is (0, +infty), not (-infty, +infty). The eigenfunctions...

of the relativity and the cosmological models if there is a universal wavefunction of the universe, quantum theory therefore predicts the universe's evolution...

joke usually means to destroy it, but … In theoretical physics, the wavefunction is a complex function. If you multiply any complex number by its complex...

changes of the wavefunction itself are immediate, because all components of the experiment are entangled with their overall wavefunction. — Preceding unsigned...

derivative of the wavefunction, and the other side the momentum is the integral of the wavefunction. If momentum is conserved and the wavefunction is a function...

I notice that this page does not describe the atomic wavefunction evolution through the magnet. I’d like to insert that explanation. We recognize that...

introduction to wavefunctions is always through complex numbers as far as I know. Presumably your'e thinking of multivector-valued wavefunctions in geometric...

also: Wavefunction collapse, actualism, Copenhagen interpretation, Quantum entanglement, EPR paradox. Sorry, the notion that the wavefunction collapse...

all wavefunctions behave. The wavefunction of the particle or photon is a complex number Ψ {\displaystyle \Psi \,} , if you add two wavefunctions the...

interpretation did a pretty good job of relating how it explains wavefunction collapse, and isn't wavefunction collapse what the measurement problem is all about?...

function has disappeared with it." The presentation of a time-independent wavefunction with language of time-dependence is simply incorrect. Also no references...

kinematics fails to show how ARPES determines the k vector of the electron wavefunction. k parallel to the sample face is determined via the emission angle and...

the wavefunction is still antisymmetric, but this contributes very little. Let me explain with some math: Define the two-electron wavefunction as follows...

Mermin do not use the terms "Bloch wave" or "Bloch function" or "Bloch wavefunction" in the main discussion of Bloch's theorem (chapter 8) as far as I see...

and spin wavefunctions. That is true. But according to the commonly used Born-Oppenheimer (adiabatic) approximation, an electronic wavefunction depends...

gamma ray in the first place in this process. What happens is that the wavefunction of an inner shell electron penetrates the nucleus (ie there is a finite...

particle is proportional to the squared magnitude of the wavefunction. Since the wavefunction is a continuous function throughout space, the particle's...

is also implemented as a Green function method in comparison to the wavefunction approach most DFT implementations use. I don't see the term "Green function"...

not wavefunctions representing particles. The JW equation is a differential equation for a field operator, so that the Ψ there is not a wavefunction describing...

from the wavefunction and hamiltonian, it ought to be possible to tell what the universal wavefuction means. For instance, given a wavefunction of a Schroedinger...

comment added by 205.250.252.133 (talk) 15:14, 26 May 2009 (UTC) If the wavefunction has 2*pi phase shift around the qubit (for a single flux quanta), and...

(talk • contribs) I'm a bit confused about the derivation given for the wavefunctions and energies. The ansatz as given is not normalized. That's a minor...

comment at Talk:Universal wavefunction. Jähmefyysikko (talk) 04:13, 12 September 2023 (UTC) Support merge. Universal wavefunction is the central concept...

would greatly appreciate it.--Matt Stoker About the doubt above: the wavefunctions for time-independent quantum mechanics problems ARE complex in general...

property, a term used in various branches of mathematics Universal wavefunction, the wavefunction of the universe, used in quantum cosmology and decoherent interpretations...

there is more surface to make contact. Quantum effects occur because the wavefunction is confined. For example, optical properties may change. For more information...

nontechnical readers the impression that the wavefunction is not "real", whatever that means. The wavefunction is as "real" as anything else in quantum mechanica...

instead uses knowledge about quantum wavefunctions." How is it noteworthy? All quantum chemistry methods use wavefunctions, and there are hardly any that can...

Curious Wavefunction: Musings on chemistry and the history and philosophy of science <https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/the-curious-wavefunction...

the wavefunction. Prior to the measurement, yes, the wavefunction was "in a superposition of states" but what EXISTED was indeed that wavefunction. The...

functions in the continuous way, they can see wavefunction and Schrödinger equation for how wavefunctions are sums of discrete bases and integrals of continuous...

represents only the electronic spatial coordinate part and not the full wavefunction of the system? (I mean, not the nuclear/vibrational function, nor the...

going on, this hardly does justice to the notion of orbital overlap and wavefunction sums, and isn't particularly distinctive with respect to say, ionic bonding...

For the non-relativistic wavefunction's radial term, Griffiths (and other sources) provide the normalization factor: ( 2 Z n a μ ) 3 ( n − ℓ − 1 ) ! 2...

Copenhagen interpretation where the wavefunction is real, it is the principle of locality that is violated. The wavefunction is a real object that exists prior...

sentence "During the process of wavefunction collapse, the wavefunction does not obey the Schrodinger equation." The wavefunction of a system obeys the Schrodinger...

interpretations of what the wavefunction is, but in all such CIs the wavefunction still collapses. The significance of wavefunction collapse will be lessened...

"plugging" Wigner functions (density matrix) on the right, to simulate "wavefunctions". All of them, have been judged by posterity to be hyper formal and...

as our wavefunction responding to changes in the detector's wavefunction, which is responding in turn to the passage of another wavefunction (which we...

actually E = (n^2 h^2)/(2 m L^2) L is the length of the ring (ie. 2 pi r) wavefunctions sin (n*theta) and cos (n*theta) work nice. n is the quantum number and...

particles described by a wavefunction spread over a finite region" as photons are massless particles and assigning a wavefunction in the standard Schroedinger...

further doubts, this is a correct group of formulas and polynomials: Wavefunction: ψ n l m ( r , θ , ϕ ) = ( 2 n a 0 ) 3 ( n − l − 1 ) ! 2 n [ ( n + l...

the two terms in the antisymmetric wavefunction will be very small, and you'll be left with a two-particle wavefunction that's approximately equal to what...

tech) Models of locality Action at a distance Bell screening Quantum wavefunction Bell local hidden variables proof and consequences Field theory Maxwell...

"wave function" more loosely than that - for example, "momentum space wavefunction". So instead, maybe we should define it as either <x|\psi> or <p|\psi>...

Historical background section, there is a formula for the time for a wavefunction to double in size. The formula cannot be correct because its units are...

Συνειδησιακή κυματοσυνάρτηση on wikipedia in English: conscientious wavefunction — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.84.217.139 (talk) 22:53, 31 July...

quasi-degenerate PT's that try to deal with this problem (for a single-reference HF wavefunction); see for example Theo. Chem. Acc. 105, 408 (2001); J. Phys. B 25, 603...

matters into which state a wavefunction collapses). This leads directly to such effects as a "half-collapse" where the wavefunction is perturbed but not collapsed...

different observers that this superposition describes, you disect the wavefunction into two worlds. So if you naively think about it as a splitting of consciousness...

} of an operator, X ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {X}}\,} , operating on a wavefunction ψ {\displaystyle \psi } is given by x = ∫ − ∞ ∞   ψ ∗ X ^ ψ   d V ∫ −...

why wavefunctions appear to collapse. This strongly implies that wavefunctions do not collapse. The remaining question is whether the wavefunction is real...

20 June 2011 (UTC) I think we have to be careful in saying the the wavefunction is a statistical construct. I thought that may been what born thought...

source for this claim. If what's meant is simply that the electron's wavefunction is smeared out in electrides, this isn't "in contrast with the assumed...

unbiased quantum well + wavefunctions calculated and observed spectra for unbiased well energy plot for biased QW + wavefunctions calculated and observed...

k-space wavefunction is needed since the sum (integral) is over all k, i.e. a wavefunction in k-space, but the k-space and x-space wavefunctions are Fourier...

2023 (UTC) Article already opens with coincise definition: MWI = real wavefunction and no collapse. So why are we discussing this??? cheers, Michael C....

gravity" (i.e. the position expectation value) of the wavefunction must be moving. So the wavefunction will have time dependence. This is like saying that...

22:31, 2 March 2021 (UTC) ______ Partial collapse and uncollapse of a wavefunction - University ...intra.ece.ucr.edu › ~korotkov › presentations › 10-UCR...

(collapse of the wavefunction) and Process 2: reversible time evolution according to a time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Wavefunctions of the system,...

electron on one side of an insulator, its wavefunction must extend to the other side, because the wavefunction is analytic. If there is a lower potential...

magnitude and phenomena not only interact, but are part of the same overall wavefunction/reality; but we cannot say the same for everything like the mathematically...

I commented out the part in Afshar's result about wavefunction collapse. The experiment uses a stream of photons. All bets are off if the wave function...

between the mental process that leads to selection and the universal wavefunction, thereby effecting other mental states as a matter of course. In order...

energy quantity E0. The integrals C, B, and Jex contain only component wavefunctions phi (nondimensional) and distances, giving them units of some power...

electron cloud of an atom or molecule is just one giant multielectron wavefunction. It is usually described as linear or other combinations of bits with...

The square of the wavefunction is what is important, not the wavefunction itself, and this leads to two possible types of wavefunctions – even and odd....

described by a wavefunction, at least until he himself looks at his friend, even though, as it appears to his friend, the wavefunction collapsed long...

section you wrote. By considering the wavefunction of, say, two polarized photons as one entity of probability wavefunction, that can partially decohere as...

all in the article. The current article just quotes the results, the wavefunctions and the energies. I want the actual derivations shown. A reader learning...

highest. My understanding is that this arises from the Fermi Hole in the wavefunction of paired electrons reducing electron-electron repulsion. The article...

February 2007 (UTC) I commented out the part in Afshar's result about wavefunction collapse. The experiment uses a stream of photons. All bets are off if...

to replace it is incorrect: you are claiming that steering is merely wavefunction collapse, and this is not true, and also not supported by the source...

a matter of interpretation. In some interpretations, as you say the wavefunction collapses and the cat is either alive or dead. However, as the article...

orbitals of a benzene molecule, where the superposition of electron wavefunctions gives rise to the delocalised π‑electron cloud. I originally came up...

fields aren't at all like wavefunctions - they're like classical variables that get quantized. They're the things the wavefunction is a function of. In QFT...

experimenter. This is "wavefunction collapse". Von Neumann just pointed out that the mathematics allowed the point of "wavefunction collapse" to be considered...

apparatus. When the wavefunction identified with the photon passes through the double slits there will come to be identical wavefunctions issuing forth from...

considered ionized. In calculating the stable states for any atom, the wavefunction becomes zero with increasing distance, it does not asymptotically approach...

wavefunctions and the Pauli exclusion principle, and tries to apply them to QFT. As far as I am concerned, there is no such thing as a wavefunction in...

all: In particle physics the spin statistics theorem implies that the wavefunction of an uncharged fermion is a section an associated vector bundle to a...

comment added by 129.67.66.131 (talk) 11:07, 2 February 2012 (UTC) Given a wavefunction ψ {\displaystyle \psi } , while it makes sense to use p 2 ψ {\displaystyle...

the two terms in the antisymmetric wavefunction will be very small, and you'll be left with a two-particle wavefunction that's approximately equal to what...

the wavefunction. Prior to the measurement, yes, the wavefunction was "in a superposition of states" but what EXISTED was indeed that wavefunction. The...

work from the easy case of free electrons, then apply periodicity. The wavefunction could also be expressed as a linear combination of any other appropriate...

an event might occur (or, in realistic interpretations of wavefunction, several wavefunctions exist for a space-time event), the probability amplitudes...

draw wavefunctions? You need to learn basic quantum mechanics. Drawing wavefunctions is done in pretty much every textbook. Plenty of wavefunctions are...

electronic wavefunction depends upon the nuclear positions but not upon their velocities It is self-evident that the electronic wavefunction does not depend...

space and momentum space -- antisymmetry in both cases requires the wavefunction to vanish at equal position/equal momentum. Fpahl 06:15, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)...

Yeah, why is that? It dosn't seem to make any sense when comming from [Wavefunction] What the hell does the frequency domain have to do with momentum space...

mechanics. It does not describe the positions of atoms. It describes wavefunctions. So even if you take the perspective the consciousness is the clockwork...

Variables = Yes Avoids Collapsing Wavefunction = Yes Key ideas include There is one universal wavefunction. And that wavefunction evolves via regular quantum...

Is wavefunction (one word) now a word? (I note that the spell checker/corrector on my browser believes it is two words.) I note that there is a redirect...

universal wavefunction, which therefore deserves at most a mention. I suggest that belongs later perhaps in a subsection summarizing Universal wavefunction. These...

non-relativistic? Are multi-electron wavefunctions to be approximated as linear combinations of single electron wavefunctions, plus fudging? And so on. I think...

know the wavefunction at all times t. Only measurement of the wavefunction causes it to collapse, but even here the only reason for wavefunction collapse...

relativistic multiparticle wavefunction taken from that book? In QFT you certainly deal with multiparticle states (represented by wavefunctions) with a single time...

particle is in interval [-1,1]? Does it mean that the amplitude of the wavefunction squared integrates to non-zero over this interval? Or does it mean that...

the universal wavefunction to infinity, the only solution is the fragmentation of that mother wavefunction to offspring wavefunctions but violently,...

a standing wave, but not in the normal sense. I mean, is the quantum wavefunction of an electron around an atom a standing wave? Yes, I think so. Similarly...

to look this one up. Per Dr. Wolf's usage, "Qwiff" now redirects to Wavefunction. Jaguara don't know much about quantum mechanics 23:41, 24 January 2007...

wavepackets spread out. What Ehrenfest showed was that even though wavefunctions spread, the expected values obey Newton's laws. Note that the expected...

correlation means that the wavefunction is approximate, but the energy expectation value of the approximate wavefunction is calculated with the correct...

single wavefunction become involved in a new interaction, all the wavefunction collapses to the new point of least energy, and the secondary wavefunction expands...

increasing levels of approximation. I suspect that the hydrogen trimer wavefunction can't be solved without some approximation either, so perhaps we should...

interference pattern because a photon's wavefunction has gone through both slits, and the two wavefunctions overlap on the detection screen just as in...

of the wavefunction. This instantanuous collapse of the wavefunction is non-unitary, and information is lost in the process. (If the wavefunction truly...

thread - it would be nice to clarify about the decomposition of the wavefunction for a particle with spin into a product of a spin function and a space...

is a maximum if you are only looking at a radial cross-section of the wavefunction. This is because plotting only as a function of r gives you a deceptive...

vibrational properties with the Morse oscillator approximation, the wavefunction of a Morse oscillator is (unnormalized): ψ ν = exp ⁡ ( − exp ⁡ ( − β...

notation" wavefunction derivative. That's why you usually see the momentum defined as p = − i ℏ ( d / d x ) {\displaystyle p=-i\hbar (d/dx)} (wavefunction derivative)...

May 31 (UTC) I think "This occurs because every measurement causes the wavefunction to "collapse" to a pure eigenstate of the measurement basis." this is...

because he omits the fact that the wavefunctions are plane waves (or superpositions thereof) and these wavefunctions do not cancel each other out when...

view, means a deterministic evolution of the wavefunction (i.e. without collapse), since it is he wavefunction that is taken to be the fundamental entity...

physical processes that can be taken as Axiomatic in some way (viewing the wavefunction of a particle of matter would imply that mass is associated with a 'clock'...

equations. From there we can introduce the Dirac equation (using a bispinor wavefunction simulator), thence to phase and quantum spin. KISS! It's a very natural...

October 2010 (UTC) At Faster-than-light#Quantum_mechanics this statement, "Wavefunction collapse can be viewed as an epiphenomenon of quantum decoherence" links...

its wavefunction failed to fit the probability interpretation. BUT! In modern QFT, the Klein-Gordon equation is actually correct -- the wavefunction just...

the book Quantum Mechanics by Sakurai, and he did in fact derive the wavefunction using the position basis. He made some other interesting points, including...

where multiple states coexist. The mathematics bears this out in the wavefunction which assigns amplitudes to every possible configuration, and they all...

particularly the statement about matter waves which is wrong (it is not the wavefunction, it is the probability density). I disagree with the whole "Diffraction...

Hartree-Fock is to assume a single Slater determinant form for a many-body wavefunction. Applying the variational method to this gives the Hartree Fock result...

slit? Simply because it changes the geometry and energy, and hence the wavefunction. This change then effects the (deterministic) paths of particles through...

the time dependent Schroedinger equation is: wavefunction at time t after initial time = initial wavefunction.exp(-iHt/[h bar]). This is an general analogy...

one wavelength in size, if I understand correctly. The tails of its wavefunction are arbitrarily large, but to describe that as the photon's size is grossly...

Then there's an algorithm on a quantum computer where there really is a wavefunction filling the potential wells of the function to be minimised. This process...

polarizer that will give half of the wavefunction pairs a diagonal polarization and the other half of the wavefunction pairs a counter-diagonal polarization...

if, instead, we just gave the 1-D wavefunction vs. position and wavefunction vs. momentum for a gaussian wavefunction in free space? This might be more...

transition at this value, this does not necessarily mean that many-body wavefunctions (Slater determinants in this case, because there is no interaction term)...

the covalent article, and caveats about how when it boils down to a wavefunction level of understanding, they really are the same (QM doesn't care where...

of physics, it is not necessarily contained in the actual universal wavefunction. Jähmefyysikko (talk) 13:42, 1 December 2023 (UTC) The claims of MWI...

agree on what is observed - wavefunction collapse. It's going to be hard enough in this introduction to explain wavefunction collapse and wave-particle...

comes about if you do a change of variables to solve for the associated wavefunctions of the 1-D S.E. - also, interesting that a lot of textbooks give the...

quantum numbers (other than spin) will have completely overlapping wavefunctions and will thus have greater strong interaction between them and stronger...

(similarly for the wavefunction). I think a crystal structure is so that each contributing atom had energy band structure and wavefunction are some summation...

Interesting. I have never heard of this interpretation before. Ultracold wavefunctions usually expand, so the coldest would be the largest. Can anybody provide...

actually present are wavefunctions propagating, interfering, and collapsing (with an element of randomness involved). Those wavefunctions are perfectly real...

either here or at universal wavefunction. Perhaps the link in the lead should be to universal wavefunction and not just wavefunction for starters. --Michael...

work. It seems that the Bra-ket notation is used oddly. A time-varying wavefunction is not conventionally written | Ψ ( t ) ⟩ {\displaystyle |\Psi (t)\rangle...

{a}}^{\dagger }|\psi _{j}\rangle } in which the bras and kets are the wavefunctions of the quantum harmonic oscillator. A_ij is the matrix. HTH. (Hmm.....

of wavefunctions makes no sense - wavefunctions are models; they don't actually exist and "touch" each other and "reduce to a single wavefunction" (if...

many pages. The pages I edited to consolidate this information include: Wavefunction collapse Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics Double-slit experiment...

Something like... In solid-state physics, the "wavevector" of an electron wavefunction is conventionally given by the physics definition. These electron waves...

...

of single electrons. The constraint is that the total many-particle wavefunction needs to be antisymmetric under the interchange of any two of the electrons...

(UTC) Shouldn't the first exponent in the last formula (overlap of wavefunctions) be +i H_0 ... instead of -i H_0 etc.? 128.130.48.239 (talk) 14:05,...

method". "Overlap integral" accounts for overlap in atomic orbital wavefunctions. My reference, "Tinkham M, Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics, Dover...

detector?), and it was clearer to get the point across quickly and say "the wavefunction is a function of the all the position coords and time, or momenta and...

by which "you" only see the histories down one path, which makes the wavefunction collapse re-appear IMHO. Nor does there seem to be any reason why two...

by which "you" only see the histories down one path, which makes the wavefunction collapse re-appear IMHO. Nor does there seem to be any reason why two...

qualifies? Secondly, to say how observable values are obtained in the wavefunction from the quantum numbers. Alas, too often in wiki, the contributors major...

reply) that "Wavefunction collapse is math, not metaphysics". This seems to suggest, erroneously, that any physicist who connects wavefunction collapse with...

the interference between the large and small components of the Dirac wavefunction, a free particle at rest, which has no small component, should have no...

said to exist in a given potential of some dimension if stationary wavefunctions exist (normalized in the range of the potential).” Right idea (as best...

The problem with the way Greene has diagrammed is that a photon or its wavefunction either goes through the polarizing filter or it goes through the open...

contrasted the number of quark flavors to the "triality" of baryon wavefunctions (and the underlying "color SU(3)") and afforded a less confusing path...

which is a fermion and which is a boson. Someone needs to collapse the wavefunction of this article, because it's in a superposition of inconsistent states...

of atomic orbitals in Valence Bond theory, where the actual molecular wavefunction is a weighted sum of individual resonance structures just like molecular...

look. So when you obseve the position of the electron, you collapse the wavefunction describing the probability of it's position; i.e., because you have measured...

that is a technicality not a limit of physics. It almost seems like the wavefunction is an object that propagates and evolves instantly, or superluminaly...

little conceptual relation to the equation for the quantum mechanical wavefunction, other than obeying the same equation.Likebox 19:06, 8 October 2007 (UTC)...

1/2 particle. It would be better to say that you have to rotate its wavefunction 720 degrees, though. I have to say that I've never really understood...

matrix from a metric tensor, or in quantum mechanics find a set of wavefunctions from a density matrix. These quantities using the norm for the multiplication...

measuring position. --Michael C. Price talk 01:02, 23 April 2009 (UTC) The wavefunction is a high dimension object, and in Bohm's interpretation it is just as...

The wavefunction propagates through space, and upon reaching an aperture, splits into a continuous source of spherically propagating wavefunctions (Huygens-Fresnel)...

explanation of the concept involves description of the splitting of the wavefunction, and the crude born oppenheimer approximation Martin Hedegaard 11:34...

website, that IF spacetime is quantised at the Planck scale THEN every wavefunction is degenerate in the sense of not being continuous. This would them imply...

Awbrey 06:38, 19 February 2006 (UTC) The magnitude of the square of the wavefunction is a probability density, not a probability. Probability densities can...

not wavefunctions, even though the equations which govern their time evolution may be deceptively similar to those of the corresponding wavefunction in...

interference pattern, you need a contribution from both slits; the particle (or wavefunction) needs to be able to reach the screen from both slits. And any detector...

consider electrons in vacuum, because it's easier to control electron wavefunctions there. In fact, several papers have shown that there are Landau levels...

2005 (UTC) If I may add something: The Spartan package distributed by Wavefunction, Inc. also supports DFT computations. The version we are running in our...

in a paper, where I had wavefunction and the reviewers didn't like it. Some (different) year ago, I fixed the wavefunctions in WP. I suspect that there...

since a lot of people coming to WP would expect to see an article about wavefunctions (at least the basics on interpretations, ontology, and examples). Then...

Schrödinger equation. Since the wavefunction is a function of position or momentum, and the set of all wavefunctions for a particlar system can be conveniently...

{\displaystyle n_{r}=n-l-1} Being equal to the number of nodes in the radial wavefunction. Does wikipedia call this something else? --Zapateria 17:16, 6 June 2006...

given for helium to radon as calculated from the minimal-basis set wavefunctions ..." The website webelements.com and Mathematica, however, provide 53...

"wavefuctions"--half-integer spin systems, for example, can't be described by a wavefunction. Wavefunction itself is somewhat of an anachronistic term--it's used either...

the pilot wave's influence using a wavefunction-derived potential called the quantum potential, The wavefunction of the early Bohm (the 50's) is virtually...

Perhaps the Hamiltonian (particularly V(r)), the eigenvalues (En), and wavefunctions ( ψ {\displaystyle \psi } (r)) for each system could be included in...

observer and the wavefunction collapse out of the Copenhagen interpretation and replaces them with a statistically "irreversible" wavefunction, which doesn't...

seperate wavefunctions A and B and is therefore no more a paradox then the instantanious collapse of the wavefunction in general( the wavefunction occupies...

the observer effect is basically the collapsing of a quantum system's wavefunction that happens the moment a measurement in made upon it (by an "observer")...

isolated copper atoms. [...] If we bring the atoms closer together, their wavefunctions begin to overlap, starting with the outer electrons. We then have a...

article states: For energy eigenstates of the Schrödinger equation, the wavefunction is wavelike wherever the particle's energy is greater than the local...

don't see how this makes any difference to locality; any change to the wavefunction gives rise to the problem of nonlocality. —Quondum 04:06, 9 March 2015...

involves collapse of the wavefunction." So does "restating" the uncertainty principle involve collapse of the wavefunction? Of course not. It would help...

Very briefly, if you can write the wavefunction of EACH of the images as a 50%/50% superposition of the wavefunctions originating from the two pinholes...

you can write the wavefunction of a many-body N-particle system as its factorization in the product of N 1-particle wavefunctions (as in the reported...

that is implicit in the Copenhagen school of thought (essentially that wavefunction collapse is inherent in any treatment). A single-photon treatment of...

corresponds to a wavefunction of lower energy than the individual resonance structures, but higher energy than the true wavefunction. Of course this is...

electrons in a metal are delocalised, in the quantum mechanical sense. The wavefunction is "smeared out". They are not strongly bound to the atoms and are free...

particle wavefunctions. If this is indeed what you were saying, I disagree. I'd guess that by field you just meant the second quantized wavefunction. To talk...

seperate wavefunctions A and B and is therefore no more a paradox then the instantanious collapse of the wavefunction in general( the wavefunction occupies...

rotated and the transformed wavefunction is a function of the new coordinates". One encounters the non-relativistic wavefunction before Dirac notation and...

you detect by the screen the wavefunction everywhere EXCEPT the narrow slit, you perform partial collapse of the wavefunction by negative Renninger measurement...

Schrödinger equation is gauge invariant because of the time derivative of the wavefunction that occurs in it. On the other hand, the Hamiltonian and the field equations...

gravitational potential, and so affects the frequency of oscillation of the wavefunction. It's just that there are no interference effects that can reveal the...

preferred a deterministic interpretation of his equation and of the wavefunction ψ, and "always opposed a statistical or probabilistic approach, with...

the wavefunction deletes itself out of existence. Using the formalism of ordinary quantum mechanics this is not possible--- there is no wavefunction reduction...

electron's three degrees of freedom (charge, spin, orbital) can separate via wavefunction into three quasiparticles (holon, spinon, orbiton).[6] Yet a free electron—which...

the fringes disappear -- for reasons related to the collapse of the wavefunction." Specifically, "a pattern with a screen" is meaningless to me. A fringe...

the quantum mechanical idea of the wavefunction of a molecule as composed of a linear combination of wavefunctions, each representative of a formula containing...

[gravitational] pathways of the overall wavefunction choose to escape. The probabilistic dencity of a particles wavefunction avoids to degrade it's speading mode...

Hartle-Hawking state is a rather complicated technical construct. It is the wavefunction of the Universe - a notion meant to figure out how the Universe started...

For example, the equation that determines the time evolution of the wavefunction applies to massive particles, but the researchers’ experiment was an...

superposed signal is sent; the receiver intercepts it, collapses the wavefunction, and reports the resulting state — random, but not superposed. There...

Schrödinger equation can be found by minimizing with respect to the wavefunction. But that is not what the article on the variational method in quantum...

described pictorially (1). However, exchange interactions are dominated by wavefunction and orbital antisymmetry arguments, for example, in ferromagnetic Cu(II)/V(IV)...

other(s). They remain in a quantum superposition and share a single wavefunction until a measurement is made. By the way, in the reference given for the...

QM. To me, it seems old fashioned to speculate that the R process of wavefunction collapse may be fundamental. I am continually amazed that many physicists...

“probability system” that is quickly collapsing into one concept … one wavefunction so to speak. It is mathematical requirement for the quantum mechanical...

of the measurement process in quantum mechanics (the collapse of the wavefunction). In Statistical Mechanics of Landau is demonstrated that entropy vs...

deterministic in the sense that, given a wavefunction at an initial time, it makes a definite prediction of what the wavefunction will be at any later time. During...

statistics" or "wavefunctions" or "waves". Particles don't cause the "noise grid" to "shift", only the "statistics of the grid" do "shift". "Wavefunction" means...

namely wavefunction collapse and indeterministic behavior of measurements. CI has been proven to be an inaccurate description of QM. Wavefunction collapse...

mentions the observers to give the flavor of impact of the universal wavefunction idea. Johnjbarton (talk) 15:26, 19 September 2023 (UTC) @Michael C Price...

Please explain, why the wavefunction ψ {\displaystyle \psi } is now not a bispinor! Where are the coupled differential equations from the Dirac-equation...

sometimes a null-result of a measurement, when nothing happens, alters the wavefunction. So nothing happens, but because of the setup, the fact that nothing...

to understanding tunneling begins with understanding the concept of a wavefunction. Then to show that the effect exists you have to know some differential...

periodic systems: discrete translational symmetry) to the fact that wavefunctions in a spherically-symmetric potential have their angular dependence given...

Phase is way beyond most reader's comprehension, the quantum phase of a wavefunction is obviously not a state variable, as anyone who knows quantum theory...

negation of the wave function because fermions must have antisymmetric wavefunctions, yet on the other hand, they should still be indistinguishable, meaning...

understand that Dirac originally thought that the Dirac equation described a wavefunction in a similar way to the Schrödinger equation, but actually it described...

idea is based on placing the wavefunction of the universe on the landscape in order to calculate the most probable wavefunction of the universe. This theory...

threaded by a magnetic field B → {\displaystyle {\vec {B}}} , then its wavefunction will undergo a phase change of: exp ⁡ ( i q ∫ B → ⋅ d ( A r e a ) → /...

Anyways, tell me how phasors can be used for arbitrary wavefunctions, if they require a wavefunction with a constant frequency. Surely there are many many...

22 June 2006 (UTC) I think one of the diagrams (the one captioned as "Wavefunction representations for the first six bound eigenstates...") is incorrect...

in x space, and not the wavy wavefunction itself.) If you look at the center of the travelling wavepacket wavefunction and monitor its spacetime development...

!? Here's the result (copied from Hydrogen atom#Wavefunction): The normalized position wavefunctions, given in spherical coordinates are: ψ n ℓ m ( r...

the particle can only tunnel to the other side of the barrier. The wavefunction describing a particle only expresses the probability of finding the particle...

DARK !!! You make Reininger negative measurement and you collapse the wavefunction in Energy basis, because you precisely measure the photon's wavelength...

with particles. In fact, the wave aspect of matter was formalized by a wavefunction defined by the Schrödinger equation, which is a pure mathematical entity...

completely and totally incorrect. Measurement introduces chance: the wavefunction collapses (assuming we're in CI). After this, the system evolves deterministically...

Formally, the quantum state of a particular electron is defined by its wavefunction, a complex-valued function of space and time. According to the Copenhagen...

interacts with something else. It is a so-called "wave" when considering its wavefunction; and it always passes as a wave either by one slit or two. The fact that...

nature of quantum mechanics, as he thought the fact that the (squared) wavefunction of an electron must be interpreted as the charge density of an extended...

used. The magnetic dipole operator is non-hermetian and exchanging wavefunctions leads to a minus. Ref.: William W. Parson: Modern Optical Spectroscopy...

is a probability amplitude). Since action (in units of hbar) is the wavefunction phase, the larger variations cancel (nearly "out of phase") while lower...

mention of motion of electrons described by electronic wavefunction + nuclei by nuclear wavefunction, in 1-electron and multi-electron atoms, spin correspondence...

neither explains what tunneling really is (for example how a particle wavefunction would behave in a tunneling barrier) nor does it introduce the concept...

world into different categories, such as by the parity of their quantum wavefunction representations. To say otherwise is like saying that vitalism has echoes...

classical relativistic mechanics, mentioning the transformation of wavefunctions (as spinors) may be useful. I intend to add this soon, along with this...

molecule, where the overlapping of pi orbitals illustrates the Schrödinger wavefunction obeying the superposition principle. This example is contextually valid...

describing, which is different depending on whether its describing a wavefunction, a classical field, operators, or path integral variables. But the equation...

calculations explicitly make no mention of orbitals (one-electron wavefunctions) other than d. Furthermore, no mention is made of the radial part of...

meaningful. The probability per unit time will depend on the overlap of the wavefunctions of the two particles. Something on the order of the Compton wavelength...

Maybe we should just do it? It’s as trivial as Normalizable wavefunction and wavefunction. We could literally copy and paste this article to the beginning...

March 2008 (UTC) The article states that In quantum mechanics, two wavefunctions ψ m {\displaystyle \psi _{m}} and ψ n {\displaystyle \psi _{n}} are...

|^{2}} , so the wavefunction is constructed by the theory, given that you know the conditions of the original setup. The wavefunction is NOT reconstructed...

much. Perhaps that would be too nitpicky though, I don't know... --Psi Wavefunction (talk) 01:02, 17 January 2010 (UTC) Definitely worth a mention; thanks...

zero and the Fermi velocity. If you take the wavefunction of an electron, that is a Bloch wavefunction, and apply the momentum operator to it, you'll...

change as the word is conventionally understood, but rather relates to a wavefunction collapse, in which a resolution in ambiguity in the state of one particle...

Brillouin zone. It seems to me like the applied force is pushing the Bloch wavefunction closer to the Bragg scattering situation where the reflected wave is...

quantum mechanics approach, the disturbance could be the particle's wavefunction [making the rolling particle a de Broglie wave] but that's besides the...

particles are in orbital with no angular momentum, their wavefunctions look like 1s wavefunctions for hydrogen or helium: high in the center, with a semi-exponential...

structures will have a different (smaller? larger?) weighting in the overall wavefunction than the cis. However it is not all clear to me that the trans structures...

collapse of the wavefunction, and there is no other observer which is capable of collapsing anything. Again, your friend's wavefunction doesn't collapse...

identical, so the Pauli exclusion principle here does not require the wavefunction to be either symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to the exchange...

spirit is known as "wavefunction." A Bose-Einstein condensate is a collection of particles of matter united by a single wavefunction, a single spirit. Any...

looking at. "Wavefunction of the electron" would probably be better than "solution to Schrodinger's equation", although the term wavefunction is already...

in the quantum hall effect, and forms part of the ansatz used as the wavefunction for quasi-particles in 2D. Perhaps a mention? —Preceding unsigned comment...

"large" quantum superpositions, entangled systems, and the nature of wavefunction collapse, which in addition to advancing fundamental physics have many...

July 2005 (UTC) Two important points: Hydrogen wavefunctions are indeed different from the wavefunctions seen in more-complex atoms, but they're an important...

colour part of its wavefunction is antisymmetric, while the space and flavour parts are symmetric. In order for the overall wavefunction to be antisymmetrical...

charge, and then going to Problem 1.8 on page 13 will read off that the wavefunction is given by the electron charge to some power. Mocking the noob for his...

while wave functions propagate in a deterministic way, nevertheless wavefunction collapse is probabilistic. Unless you take the many-worlds view. Paul...

DERIVATIVE of Psi equals A+iB and not Psi directly: The amplitude of the wavefunction is then exp[A(x)] while the phase is B(x). Better remove it completely...

finite potential barrier, and then showing that the amplitude of the wavefunction is nonzero there. I will do this soon unless there are objections. Threepounds...

again, a see that it was sort of a Schrödinger sentence, and I saw the wavefunction collapse differently from some others – there was some ambiguity in the...

end of the "spiral-down" process because it depends on there being a wavefunction overlap between the electron and the positron, which is suppressed for...

present in the total wavefunction at any moment, and as soon as it is detected (destroyed) at one of the detectors, the entire wavefunction collapses (nonlocally...

artificial thing as "wavefunction" not worked well, and they have to "fix" it with another invented term "collapse of wavefunction", which itself isn't...

derive the wavefunction [AT THE CORE OF QUANTUM MECHANICS] from some other equation rather than assuming it to start; because the wavefunction in itself...

I look to find about mass bound and mass free wavefunctions? Where can I find out about wavefunctions for EM energy, mass energy ambipolar massfree energy...

about what happened that is fully local and refers to "collapsing the wavefunction" of their partner, but doesn't recognize the agency of the partner. So...

that says that woolly mammoths had wavefunctions. Neither will you find a source that says they didn't have wavefunctions. Work it out. --Michael C. Price...

emergent property? To me, even as a layman, it seems obvious that the wavefunction (from which the uncertainly principle can be derived) is far more fundamental...

means that the whole universe will be governed by a single wavefunction—the Universal Wavefunction, God. In religion, this transitional period before the...

the page would explain the picture than a picture of the plots of the wavefunctions of the electron in a hydrogen atom on the Quantum mechanics page would...

positron in the same field. But where do these positron energies and wavefunctions COME from? They basically disappear when electron kinetic energies are...

The hyperlink seems to be of an actual physical wave, versus the s-waveFUNCTION that is implied when discussing protons in their ground state. — Preceding...

experimenter marks through which slit each photon went, without disturbing its wavefunction". This is just wrong, you can't mark the slit without disturbing the...

"The wavefunction formulation treats the particle as a quantum harmonic oscillator..." HOW is this useful? How does anything QM do to the wavefunction "treat...

2009 (UTC) Shouldn't the explicit position-(and maybe momentum-)space wavefunctions be written down? Njerseyguy (talk) 13:52, 27 June 2009 (UTC) This page...

experiment. The Schrodinger equation when applied to the experiment and the wavefunction unitarily evolved in time, preserves which way information and in the...

measure of momentum of A'. But if A and A' share a wavefunction, then when A is measured the wavefunction that both share collapses. So at any time thereafter...

January 2014 (UTC) Copenhagen has an (undefined) "observer" that can cause wavefunction collapse. This means that one should at least in principle be able to...

the world (the way a mathematical thinks of it, i.e., as an evolving wavefunction), and • the inside view, the way it is perceived from the subjective...

Hilbert space of the quantum field theory." It is one object (a vector or wavefunction) among the collection of objects provided by the theory; it is not meant...

like pairs of electrons in an atoms. The "pair" is everywhere, with wavefunction spread out over a large nuclear volume. Nucleons don't simply sit there...

Lagrangian of electromagnetism is invariant under the rotatation of the wavefunction of each charge Q particle by e^{ialpha Q} for any alpha. In the particular...

similar). Now, I know that your GIF's caption says "the real part of the wavefunction is plotted here", but this fails to convey just how impossible it is...

permute the list. The quantum randomization creates n! branches of the wavefunction ("universes" in many-worlds interpretation), and one of these will be...

This article contains broken links to one or more target anchors: [[Wavefunction#Relation between wave functions|Fourier transform relation]] The anchor...

harmonic times the "radial part of the wavefunction", but it never says what the radial part of the wavefunction is. I think these are the same things...

compares with crystalline metals. Most probably the lack of periodic wavefunctions will cause the resistivity to be higher, but by how much? —Preceding...

distance" because it refers to the same process, correlated collapse of the wavefunction. This is not even semantics but obfuscation. You also removed the sections...

Hilbert space of a system need not be the space of square integrable wavefunctions. If I'm not mistaken, that's how non-local phenomena (such as the EPR...

eigenvector is derived from the square of its wavefunction. Postulate 5: Time evolution of a system The way the wavefunction evolves over time is determined by Schrödinger's...

massless graviton, m0 = 0. It has a positive wavefunction ψ0 in the fifth dimension. This wavefunction is localized near the positive tension branes...

where the photon will appear.The collapse of the wavefunction is not deterministic.The wavefunction is.Where a photon will be measured is random.So how...

It's kind of like the little-known fact that the quantum mechanical wavefunction is NOT unitless because in 3d space, it has to have units of l e n g...

problem? Reassure yourself of the sign change from bra-ket to the 1d wavefunction expression, and then from that to the 3d one. New comments go to the...

write a hybrid orbital wavefunction explicitly. I think this will be clearer, at least for readers who have seen wavefunctions before. Dirac66 (talk)...

kind of distance). Now if one wants this to work, one decomposes the wavefunctions into lie-group plane waves (or pseudo-lie group plane waves using a...

shape follow the squared wavefunction, keep the colors, then explain that they relate to the phase/sign of the unsquared wavefunction.Headbomb {ταλκκοντριβς...

Landau and Lifshitz claim that by swapping two identical particles the wavefunction must multiply by either +1 or −1 because if you swap them twice you "get...

differently? They are verbatim. Do you care if a dictionary doesn't list "wavefunction" but does "wave" and "function"? (And there was no "when" in the joke...

how complicated, is always by one wavefunction not by many different wavefunctions. Please do not pluralize wavefunction when you are using it to describe...

which the nucleons do not have fixed positions but rather orbitals or wavefunctions. 4) "...alpha emitters ... obscure the underlying accumulation process...

interpretation; 2. "wave function collapse" as in the "appearance of the wavefunction collapse" in the Decoherence interpretation. Confusing as hell. And third...

Additionally, the definition section states "when one swaps two bosons, the wavefunction of the system is unchanged". that makes me think I could swap a composite...

particles (or atoms etc) on one hand, and their wavefunctions on the other hand. And, significantly, a wavefunction depends on coordinates of all relevant particles...

ISBN 9048192277. Feynman saw wavefunctions, Mozart saw music, all of us see free will... Some of us have intuitions about wavefunctions, some of us follow Eine...

does not make the assumption of wavefunction collapse. Decoherence theory explains how the appearance of wavefunction collapse emerges from the formalism...

until it eats the other quarks. Cross-section for this depends on the wavefunctions of the bound quarks, which is a bit iffy (quark masses and nucleon binding...

the quantum mechanics of particles described by multicomponent spinor wavefunctions, incorporating special relativity, still using the operator formalism...

if you include the phase, and four if you include the frequency. The "wavefunction" of the photon, prior to detection, is a dipole spatial distribution...

It's the example they give that really fucks me up. Is it correct? The wavefunction seems many-valued! --Michael C. Price talk 09:49, 7 March 2010 (UTC)...

The Copenhagen interpretation avoids this using the collapse of the wavefunction. But its hard to interpret the erasing measurement experiments using...

occurs because the wavefunction is the formalism of accepted solutions, not the solution which travel at luminal speeds. The wavefunction might change instantaneously...

beam... if you do not observe the photon destructively, and allow the wavefunctions to evolve unitarily, as they diverge from each other and no longer overlap...

the triplet state is a consequence of the antisymmetrization of the wavefunction. A similar valence-bond type argument can be given for the repulsion...

Many Worlds etc. should be mentioned. Mention that in Kopenhagen the wavefunction collapses while in MWI you end up with two parallel worlds after a measurement...

don't understand what's going on with the "Wavefunctions" subsection. It starts by saying The wavefunction for two non-interacting particles can be written...

minus sign because it is the inverse diffeomorphisms that evolve the wavefunctions. For small but finite Δ t {\displaystyle \Delta t} , the solution is...

The radius-as-magnitude version is useful when working with atomic wavefunctions, but, when visualized with this way, a beginner may confuse spherical...

particles. It is in principle possible to have complete knowledge of a wavefunction, assuming perfect instruments (as in an ideal spin-1/2 system after making...

Interpretation). Photons only appear as particles at detectors, where the wavefunctions get reduced (non-local variables determining correlated polarisations...

integral time evolution. When the ground state wavefunction has energy zero, the inner product of any wavefunction with the ground state is invariant in time...

completely equivalent descriptions of the ground state, since the total wavefunction for all electrons is a Slater determinant which is unchanged by the transformation...

us probably first get conditioned to thinking about spinors via the wavefunction |ψ> in quantum mechanics. The second way, with the spinor as the operator...

of this planet, just as I do the mechanics of our solar system or the wavefunction of an electron. However, supernatural phenomena are beyond the scope...

It turns out that decoherence may be preferable to stipulating that a wavefunction collapses, on demand, the former being science and the latter magic,...

the difference between the scope of the articles quantum mechanics and wavefunction. They are bound to have a lot of overlap, but they are distinctly different...

electromagnetic field strengths are directly related to the quantum mechanical wavefunction. If you charge one capacitor plate first, the other plate is then charged...

entity and has its own wavefunction, but in "reality" they are not, they are all congealed together: there is a total wavefunction describing the probability...

ions or radicals) such that that rotation by 2π results in negating the wavefunction. The group is twice as big and the character table is extended and has...

you speak of. In short, point particle with a location determined by a wavefunction. String theory says that the particle is not a point, but rather it is...

overall wavefunction has one definition); but in the infinite series of Wigner's friends it becomes important (still though the overall wavefunction has one...

one removes all mentions of brains and consciousness, does Penrose's wavefunction collapse physics still work? IE, do you need a brain, or just gravity...

mechanics, where π enters through the measure of functional integration. - Wavefunction normalization and vacuum energy expressions in quantum field theory,...

must be made of the connection between spin and the sign change of wavefunctions upon an exchange of identical particles. References should include the...

"equations of motion", since they are differential equations of the wavefunction, which describes how a quantum state behaves analogously using the space...

Cizek and Paldus. I think we should also mention the James-Coolidge wavefunction for H2, as it was the first exact agreement with experiment for more...

electrons, so we're still subatomic. We don't take neutral atoms and write wavefunctions for each without considering their electrons and stuff. But OK, we do...

vacuum. BTW: regarding the points made above about normalization of the wavefunction, even functions with everlasting expoential decays which approach zero...

September 2022 (UTC) Bell clearly used wavefunction collapse, and not all interpretations recognize wavefunction collapse. 47.205.188.45 (talk) 03:17,...

waveforms and frequency spectra, e.g. of sound. (In quantum mechanics wavefunctions for position & momentum, and also energy & time, are related by Fourier...

downstream of a Stern–Gerlach magnet does not, in fact, demonstrate that the wavefunction of a neutral spin one-half particle has remained in a spin superposition...

use “we” in mathematical derivations; for example: “To normalize the wavefunction, we need to find the value of the arbitrary constant A.”" --Nigelj 00:30...

technical articles don't use "we": Gaussian_distribution Normalisation_of_a_wavefunction Lagrange's_theorem_(group_theory) Maximum_likelihood Expected_value...

is linear and has no derivative on the border which is not alowed for wavefunction see czech version http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soubor:Helium_atom_QM...

tunneling refers to a particle traversing a barrier due to the fact that its wavefunction is nonzero in the region of the barrier (decays exponentially, as opposed...

physical process, and clearly non-local (i.e., faster than light) if the wavefunction is considered physically real and the probability density has converged...

formulated already assumes that observers are macroscopic and that the wavefunction (apparently) collapses upon measurement, so at best it is already an...

some kind of abstract "correlation" involved. Like the "collapse" of a wavefunction, we have no idea of what is going on or how to describe it. All we know...

photon pulse on receiving only the leading edge of the original photon's wavefunction. This turns out to not let you do anything useful. Talk:quantum entanglement...

and appear in QM equations all the time, where nature shows that the wavefunction senses them directly. And DIFFERENCES in potentials are just as useful...

string theory community, or an expert on entangled explanations of the wavefunction collapse. ;) 172.143.55.86 10:12, 24 May 2006 (UTC) LC, Nigel is arguing...

measurement can be calculated using the QM formalism but this change of the wavefunction just has nothing to do with what happens in reality. The article is entitled...

insane) (let alone the molecular biology; knowing what i know about wavefunctions and quantum mechanics makes me question everything i thought i used...

presented when you learn quantum mechanics in more detail in terms of wavefunctions.) In an introductory article like this, we need to state things in terms...

velocity vector or the momentum component gets measured at the instant of wavefunction collapse. Moreover, the result cannot be predicted exactly, no matter...

fully specified quantum state can be described by a state vector, a wavefunction, or a complete set of quantum numbers for a specific system." I agree...

quantum mechanics when an observer views a system they may collapse the wavefunction of the system, that is reduce the possibility states of the system. It...

molecular orbital of methane CH4, as determined by the molecular orbital wavefunction, is a mathematical combination of five atomic orbitals: one s-orbital...

reasons. He objected to the lack of a clear physical interpretation of the wavefunction. --Son Goku 21:55, 1 July 2005 (UCT) Einstein objected to Quantum Mechanics...

speak.GangofOne 05:02, 7 August 2005 (UTC) the theorem states that the wavefunctions of a system of identical integer spins particals are symmetric under...

Actual points have a non homogeneous probabilistic vector cloud (point-wavefunction), virtual points on the other hand have a homogeneous probabilistic vector...

α {\displaystyle \alpha } , signaling the collapse of the electronic wavefunction at small distances. In a more realistic approach one has to take into...

additional references for the many-worlds interpretation, universal wavefunction, etc.)  Added reference to review article by Everett Stigmatella aurantiaca...

of points somehow capable of acting independently but under a common wavefunction – it would support rather theories such as the Bohm's one (with its guiding...

probability of that point being at any given location being a function of the wavefunctions of the particles. The degree to which you can localize a particle's...

occupies. No human being necessary. To wit, an "observer" collapses a wavefunction in quantum mechanics but does not have to be a human. Neither does it...

momentum change caused by the collision destroys the coherence of the wavefunction ("collapsing" it) so the interference pattern is lost. --ChetvornoTALK...

because of the difference in spin; this results in different parity wavefunctions which results in different behaviour when positions are exchanged. Masud...

Physics Quantum Mechanics (Measurement Problem): The collapse of the wavefunction raises questions about whether the universal (the probabilistic superposition)...

inside a sealed box there is never any observation to collapse the wavefunction, so it's probably not correct to think of it as happening at any well-defined...

molecule, which (nodes aside) is nonzero at any finite distance from the wavefunction centroid. I am not prepared to reword this however as I do not know the...

either a wavefunction is a probability distribution over the true physical states, or the hidden variables exist in addition to the wavefunction. In MWI...

the Copenhagen interpretation you need to postulate a collapse of the wavefunction to some eigenmode of the measurement operator, while in Everett's Many-worlds...

context in which the amplitude must generally be complex. (While the QM wavefunction is only indirectly observable, it is definitely not true that taking...

came up with a wave equation that describes each electron as having a wavefunction. He thus showed that the atom was not at all like a miniature solar system...

objects (fermions) is beyond me, but the mathematical similarity of a wavefunction sandwiching an observable to a rotation sandwiching a vector is clear...

measurement of the gravitational metric tells you which branch of the wavefunction you're in and references Everett." See also W. Schommers (Ed), Quantum...

entangled particle wavefunctions, that is unless the same large statistical numbers of coherently entangled particle wavefunction properties also produces...

presently understand it and that its Max Born's interpretation of the wavefunction as a probability that we use today. Maybe people just like his cat (Schroedingers)...

) to use lowercase psi for the position wavefunctions and capital Psi for the position and time wavefunctions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 131...

entropy, and loss of information about a system becomes associated with wavefunction collapse (though the information remains, it becomes more spread out...

says: "In quantum mechanics, the phase of a fermion field (e.g., the wavefunction of an electron) is likewise arbitrary, and one could require the freedom...

The opening definition is circular to the point of being silly. QVC redirects to this page. A more explicit explanation of why would be nice. This article...

non-state variable, since it is essentially chosen by the one who writes the wavefunction. All you need to do in your prose in Heat is make a link to state variable...

And avoids the problems with trying to explain FTL (faster than light) wavefunction collapse, FTL virtual particle speed, and so on. Those things can't carry...

makes many equations involving the dynamics of electrons (or of their wavefunctions) take an appealing form. The argument that we can make a substitution...

the wavefunction is a quantity of complex magnitude, but one cannot measuring it--instead, we find that the magnitude squared of the wavefunction (a real...

measurement with conventional means? So if he cant - then he hasent a wavefunction, yes?--Nixer 14:42, 13 November 2005 (UTC) There is a wave function associated...

didn't do any. They just took a little information about, for example, wavefunction collapse, and pretended it meant things it didn't. 2)I don't understand...

thus the energy cannot be zero. Also, note that in the ground state the wavefunction occupies the entire box, so in effect the particle size expands to fill...

absorption by the "black body" seems to translate into whether the cavity wavefunctions are capable of representing a disc-like excitation on the cavity wall...

by WMAP? Can dark energy be just an epiphenomenon to something like wavefunction collapse is to decoherence?Mastertek (talk) 14:05, 23 October 2011 (UTC)...

observe the universe expanding; if one assumes objective collapse of the wavefunction, this phenomenon would provide a direction of time). —Quondum 19:14,...

interact electromagnetically, and is defined quantum mechanically by a wavefunction instead of a single point in space, it does not have a size in the same...

properties Band gap Effective mass Density of states Fermi surface Wavefunctions Wannier functions Bloch waves Fundamental theory Kohn-Sham equations...

relativity, but according to quantum mechanics light is described by a wavefunction that has a non-zero value in all points in space and therefore it is...

Of importance, after he did the initial derivations to come up with a wavefunction that represented a new model for the electron, he then realized, in retrospect...

of a harmonic oscillator, and then suddenly change the frequency. The wavefunction doesn't have time to change, but expressed in the basis of the new eigenstates...

periodic waveform. That distance is the same as the spatial period of the wavefunction, and that definition agrees with the text in the article: u(x+λ, t) =...

states: he's thinking of non-relativistic quantum mechanics (single wavefunction nonsense), not quantum field theory is about quantum fields. For a 1996...

fundamental particles are treated as point objects with a probability wavefunction describing where you might interact with them). This would make them...

of measurement forced 'god to throw the dice' and this collapses the wavefunction and a particle is observed according to one of the possibilities. I am...

'actually' real, for a quantum system, then I think that it has to be the wavefunction (or state vector) that describes quantum reality. (I shall be addressing...

If you want to get really anal about CP-violating terms, they appear for all mesons, not just kaons. Also, the standard mixing of the neutral pion and...

momentum, its wavefunction just won't fit inside the box, and so that can't happen. The minimum energy is the one with the smallest wavefunction that fits...

highlighting this). QM states that you cannot predict (other than using wavefunctions, probabiloty stuff, etc) the precise location, momentum etc of a particle...

as a black hole's horizon diameter or as the spread of its quantum wavefunction. Of course, there is no exact minimum because the definition of size...

If by "describing QFT in terms of probabilities" you mean that the wavefunction isn't real but a "mathematical construct" that describes our knowledge...

explained via a 'particle-in-a-box' type formulation, and all H atom wavefunctions were the solution to the p-in-a-b problem. Subsequently, it was found...

‘interpretation’ and quote Bohr (defending Copenhagen Interpretation wavefunction collapse) saying: ‘Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not...

org.uk/ Steaphen 06:30, 27 December 2006 (UTC) I am looking at every wavefunction I have ever seen and NONE of them mandate the existence of non-physical...

specific measurements (i.e uncertainty principle and collapse of the wavefunction), but fully exact and analytical with respect to the theoretical construct...

waveparticle travels through, there is no sense in which the collapsed wavefunction at the slit acts as a wave with the requisite wavelength. It acts as...

to use we in mathematical derivations; for example: “To normalize the wavefunction, we need to find the value of the arbitrary constant A.” Almost every...

unproveable, at this level of analysis in the heirarchy of internal entangled wavefunctions in systems, that are indistinguishable models at this scale of lowest...

what I believe and why. And particles do change, as do atoms, they are wavefunctions of probability that are constantly changing, and yet they are still...

many-body wavefunction is, and no matter how nonlinearly the system behaves. Really, the math is airtight: Take an arbitrary many-body wavefunction, consisting...

noting that spin is not a feature of the particle, but rather that of the wavefunction." suggesting some overlap with Ohanian's point of view.) Johnjbarton...

particle thus: When the position of a particle is measured, the particle's wavefunction collapses and the momentum does not have a definite value. The particle's...

The first paragraph discusses symmetry breaking as a small change to a disordered system which brings about a fixed state, then later says disordered states...

slow long-wavelength superflow in liquid helium, where the phase of the wavefunction slowly changes from place to place, and which has nearly zero energy...

compute the actual quantum probability distributions of the electron wavefunctions and other charges in response to applied fields, not a "susceptibility"...

have “collapsed”, were it ever observed, while a notional universal wavefunction lends itself to an account of ongoing decoherence without stipulating...

Bohmian quantum mechanics. It adds a real state to the quantum mechanical wavefunction, and gives you an equation of motion for the real state. Assuming that...

occupy the inner atomic orbital, while the remaining four electrons have wavefunctions that only half-fill the second standard and three second principal orbitals...

edu/V119/N10/col10lipman.10c.html, http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/the-curious-wavefunction/2014/07/11/richard-feynman-sexism-and-changing-perceptions-of-a-scientific-icon/...

According to the de Broglie hypothesis, every object in the universe is a wave, a situation which gives rise to this phenomenon through wavefunction collapse....

of this planet, just as I do the mechanics of our solar system or the wavefunction of an electron. However, supernatural phenomena are beyond the scope...

{\displaystyle <{\hat {T}}>} , for a system of electrons described by the wavefunction | ψ > {\displaystyle \vert \psi >} is a sum of 1-electron operators (written...

quantisation is required for renormalisation of the magnetic monopole wavefunction. -- Tim Starling 01:39, Nov 30, 2004 (UTC) Can anyone perhaps give some...

classical counterparts, each of the potential outcomes embodied in a wavefunction still vies for realization. And so we are still left wondering how one...

one can never say as electrons are everywhere until they are detected (wavefunction collapse) according to the Copenhagen interpretation. as it can be confused...

notion that things can't be controlled down below the quantum scale; the wavefunction is completely controllable and deterministic. It's only the introduction...

& normalizibility conditions you choose. For example, consider all "wavefunctions" that are linear combinations of sqrt(delta(x-x0)) localized at different...

February 2023 (UTC) Dirac's equation (1928) derived from Schrödinger wavefunctions (1925-1926) for (non-relativistic) both planar waves (leading to Klein–Fock–Gordon...

17:20, 16 January 2022 (UTC) The Copenhagen interpretation with its wavefunction collapse is not "natural law". Please stop your WP:OR and WP:FORUM. This...

Ultimately all these problems are related to quantum objects (which have wavefunctions) expanding into a volume. You can't compress them again without doing...

performing the test to get the true value is very similar to collapsing the wavefunction).Ty8inf (talk) 05:55, 14 May 2008 (UTC) Sorry, there still seems to be...

eigenfunctions be for elements of the spectrum? Those are multielectronic wavefunctions which are often approximated (better expanded in a basis of) Slater...

typically meant in QM -- that is any process which causes wavefunction collapse. Now wavefunction collapse is still debated and is mysterious, but there...

A beginning on this topic has been made, but more is needed. Brews ohare (talk) 00:43, 11 June 2009 (UTC) The concept of wavelength is most often applied...

them "well there is god? spacetime cannot explode as a probabilistic wavefunction of zero alone or with parallel Universes?" the don't accept that some...

observer independant as far as I know) I that nothing happen inside the wavefunction. It is also heavily criticized by Lubos Motl.Thundergodz (talk) 00:58...

you cannot point to some experimental result and then argue that the wavefunction does in fact collapse (unless that experient is in conflict with some...

because in practice physicists use these primarily with complex valued wavefunctions, and so on. Saladforked (talk) 23:59, 3 September 2014 (UTC) The two...

The article is missing a section on photon origins, i.e., how they are created.--LeyteWolfer (talk) 11:17, 13 March 2019 (UTC) You are not allowed to ask...

Dauto (talk) 21:54, 3 November 2009 (UTC) No they're not. Baryon color wavefunction is: Ψ = 1 6 ( | r g b ⟩ − | r b g ⟩ − | g r b ⟩ + | r b g ⟩ + | b r g...

emitted from the infalling object has little relation to the object's wavefunction's wavelength. Consider your cell phone; it emits microwaves with a wavelength...

that place. The article is full of wishy-washy statements like "their wavefunction must spread", but these two sections are egregious. Somebody (with permission)...

have to run all the suggested times to get the actual average of the wavefunction collapse (non optimum averaging settings NOAS). It works in classic CPU...

quantum electrodynamics, the charge density becomes related to the Dirac wavefunctions ψ {\displaystyle \psi } for individual fermions by j ν = e ψ ¯ Q γ ν...

no stable ground state in modern QM, since you can use a variational wavefunction concentrated on Bohr orbits of smaller and smaller radii to get ever...

we say that a force acts, but isn't it really something more like the wavefunction distorted by the virtual particle exchange? Does that mean that magnetic...

initially set propagating on a tangential path with infinite precision, its wavefunction will spread out above and below the photon sphere, resulting in continuing...

'Matter wave'. I don't believe many physicists use the term, they use 'wavefunction', or 'De Broglie wave' when referring to historical quantum mechanics...

7#"Wave-particle duality" obscurantism in introduction. "Wavefunction"? 2 Talk:Quantum mechanics/Archive 7#"Wavefunction"? Vancouver interpretation of quantum mechanics...

strangeness of quantum superposition is revealed in the collapse of the wavefunction.J-Wiki (talk) 02:33, 30 January 2012 (UTC) You probably confuse the quantum...

"building blocks" is a technical construct, an intermediary concept like "wavefunction". As noted in the article, over time there have been many versions of...

of the "particle" in its own frame, really, it is a property of the wavefunction in the observer frame. Even if you go to a Feynman picture, so that the...

paragraph: meaning of "atom" Atomic orbital wavefunctions illustration 2 Talk:Atom/Archive 3#Atomic orbital wavefunctions illustration Mendeleyev? 5 Talk:Atom/Archive...

volume. This integration eliminates the position parameter. Electron wavefunctions vary probability with position, not charge. To say that a finite amount...

because of the difference in spin; this results in different parity wavefunctions which results in different behaviour when positions are exchanged. Masud...

presumed, yet unexplained how, observation/measurement collapses the wavefunction, and leaves only the particle for observed certainty of the particle's...

act like groups to fit the mathematicians' concept; they seem to be wavefunctions to be acted upon, not to have a pointwise group action. As idle speculation...

most important is that this potential is related to the Schroedinger wavefunction in a way that it does not depend on the intensity of the waves but only...

February 2013 (UTC) The four-momentum is the best we could invent. The wavefunction of a massive vector boson is another reasonable choice, though. Incnis...

determinants as one-electron wavefunction analogue basis-functions, to be used to contruct multielectron wavefunctions in atoms. But anything you do...

Vsmith (talk) 15:33, 24 February 2008 (UTC) The article says, "Since a wavefunction incorporates time as well as position, it is impossible to simultaneously...