SMS S179

SMS S179
History
Germany
Name
  • S179 until 22 February 1918
  • T179 from 22 February 1918
BuilderSchichau-Werke, Elbing
Launched27 August 1910
Completed8 March 1911
FateScrapped 1921
General characteristics
Class & typeS138-class torpedo boat
Displacement650 t (640 long tons) design
Length73.9 m (242 ft 5 in) o/a
Beam7.9 m (25 ft 11 in)
Draught3.07 m (10 ft 1 in)
Installed power18,000 PS (18,000 shp; 13,000 kW)
Propulsion
Speed32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)
Complement84
Armament
  • 2 × 8.8 cm guns
  • 4 × 50 cm torpedo tubes

SMS S179[a][b] was a S138-class large torpedo boat of the Imperial German Navy. She was built by the Schichau-Werke at Elbing in 1909–1910, launching on 27 August 1910 and completing in March 1911.

S179 took part in the First World War, operating in the North and Baltic Seas, taking part in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga in August 1915 and Operation Albion, the German invasion and occupation of the West Estonian Archipelago in 1917. She was renamed T179 in February 1918. Following the end of the First World War, T176 was surrendered as a reparation under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, and was sold for scrap in 1921.

Construction and design

The Imperial German Navy ordered 12 large torpedo boats (Große Torpedoboote) as part of the fiscal year 1909 shipbuilding programme, with two ships (G174 and G175) ordered from Germaniawerft, four (S176–S179) from Schichau-Werke and the remaining six ships (V180–V185) from AG Vulcan.[2] The orders were split between the three shipyards in order to manage the workload and ensure continuous employment at all three companies.[3] The four Schichau torpedo boats closely resembled the four torpedo boats that Schichau had built under the 1908 programme which had been sold to the Ottoman Empire during construction, and their replacements, S165–S168.[4][5]

S179 was 74.2 metres (243 ft 5 in) long overall and 74.6 metres (244 ft 9 in) at the waterline, with a beam of 7.9 metres (25 ft 11 in) and a draught of 3.10 m (10 ft 2 in).[6][5] The ship displaced 666 tonnes (655 long tons) design and 781 tonnes (769 long tons) deep load.[5] Three coal-fired and one oil-fired water-tube boilers fed steam at a pressure of 17 atm (250 psi) to two sets of Schichau direct-drive steam turbines. The ship's machinery was rated at 17,600 PS (17,400 shp; 12,900 kW) giving a design speed of 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph), with members of the class reaching a speed of 32.9 knots (60.9 km/h; 37.9 mph) during sea trials.[7]

The ship was armed with two 8.8 cm SK L/30 guns,[c][d][5][11] one on the forecastle and one aft.[12] The guns were later replaced by 8.8 cm SK L/45 guns.[11][13] Four single 50 cm (19.7 in) torpedo tubes were fitted, with two on the ship's beam in the gap behind the ship's bridge and fore funnel, and two aft of the second funnel.[2][12] The ship had a crew of 3 officers and 81 other ranks.[14]

Construction of S179 began at Schichau's Elbing, Prussia (now Elbląg, Poland) shipyard as yard number 842 in 1909.[6] The ship was launched on 27 August 1910 and commissioned on 8 March 1911.[15]

Service

In 1911, S179 was a member of the 12th half-flotilla of the 6th Torpedo Boat Flotilla.[16] The ship remained in this unit through 1912,[17] and into 1913, although the half-flotilla was now in reserve.[18]

First World War

The Imperial German Navy mobilised on 1 August 1914, owing to the imminent outbreak of the First World War.[19] By 10 August, S179 was a member of the 16th half-flotilla of the 8th Torpedo Boat Flotilla, part of the High Seas Fleet.[20] In October 1914 the 8th Torpedo Boat flotilla, including S179, was temporarily detached to the Baltic Sea as part of a large scale deployment of torpedo boats from both the High Seas Fleet and training units to counter operations of British submarines in the Baltic.[21][22] The 8th Flotilla returned to the North Sea at the end of the month.[21]

The 8th Torpedo Boat flotilla, including S179, was deployed to the Baltic together with the pre-dreadnought battleships of the IV Battle Squadron as temporary reinforcements in July 1915.[23][24] On 10–11 July, S179 was part of the escort for a large sortie by battleships and armoured cruisers to the north of Gotland.[25] On 1–2 August, S179 formed part of the escort of another sweep by battleships and armoured cruisers, this time west of Liepāja.[26] In August 1915 the German Baltic Fleet, supported by a large portion of the High Seas Fleet, launched a major operation (later called the Battle of the Gulf of Riga) in the Gulf of Riga in support of the advance of German troops. It was planned to enter the gulf via the Irben Strait, defeating any Russian naval forces and mining the entrance to Moon Sound.[27] The 8th Flotilla, now listed as part of the Baltic Fleet, took part in this operation.[28] On 19 August, the German fleet entered the Gulf of Riga, and encountered the Russian gunboats Sivuch and Korietz. Sivuch was shelled by the battleships Posen and Nassau, while S179 and four other German torpedo boats (S176, S178, V185 and V29) attacked with torpedoes. Sivuch sank, with the torpedo boats rescuing 50 of the gunboat's crew.[29][30]

S179 remained part of the 15th half flotilla of the 8th Torpedo Boat Flotilla,[e] which was still part of the Baltic Fleet, in May 1916.[31] In 1916, the German naval forces in the Baltic were mainly used for defensive purposes, laying minefields to constrain the Russian navy and protecting merchant shipping from attacks from submarines and surface ships.[32] In October 1917, the Germans carried out Operation Albion, an amphibious assault to capture Ösel and Muhu islands off the coast of Estonia.[33] S179 took part in Operation Albion as part of the 16th half flotilla.[34][35]

On 22 February 1918, S179 was renamed T179 in order to free up her name for new construction,[15][36] in this case the 1918 Mobilisation type S179, which was incomplete at the end of the war, and was eventually completed as the schooner Georg Kimmer.[37][38] The October Revolution in Russia and the subsequent Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers allowed the release of forces from the Baltic to the North Sea,[39] and by the end of April 1918, the 8th Flotilla had returned to the High Seas Fleet, with T179 remaining part of the 16th half-flotilla.[40] T179 was still part of the 16th half-flotilla at the end of the war.[41][42]

Disposal

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 resulted in most of the High Seas Fleet being interned at Scapa Flow.[43] T179 was initially retained by Germany,[15] but following the Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow on 21 June 1919, the terms of Treaty of Versailles required more ships to be surrendered to compensate for the scuttled ships.[44] These additional ships included T179 which was allocated to Britain for disposal and sold for scrap in February–March 1921 and broken up at Dordrecht in the Netherlands in 1921.[45][46]

Notes

  1. ^ "SMS" stands for "Seiner Majestät Schiff" (transl. His Majesty's Ship)
  2. ^ The "S" in S179 denoted the shipbuilder who constructed her, in this case Schichau-Werke.[1]
  3. ^ SK stood for Schnellfeuerkanone (quick-firing gun)[8] or Schnellade-Kanone (fast-loading gun).[9]
  4. ^ In Imperial German Navy gun nomenclature, the L/30 denotes the length of the gun. In this case, the L/30 gun is 30 caliber, meaning that the gun barrel has an overall length 30 times greater than the gun's bore.[10]
  5. ^ G174, G175, S176, S179 and V180.[31]

References

  1. ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 164.
  2. ^ a b Gardiner & Gray 1985, pp. 166–167.
  3. ^ Fock 1981, p. 151.
  4. ^ Fock 1981, pp. 150–151.
  5. ^ a b c d Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 166.
  6. ^ a b Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, p. 172.
  7. ^ Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, pp. 172–173.
  8. ^ Gröner, Jung & Maass 1983, p. 17.
  9. ^ Friedman 2011, p. 6.
  10. ^ Friedman 2011, pp. 130–131.
  11. ^ a b Gröner, Jung & Maass 1983, p. 173.
  12. ^ a b Moore 1990, p. 118.
  13. ^ Fock 1981, p. 153.
  14. ^ Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, p. 173.
  15. ^ a b c Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, p. 176.
  16. ^ Rangelist der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine für Das Jahr 1911. Berlin: Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn. 1911. p. 59. Retrieved 9 May 2026 – via Heinrich Hein Universität Düsseldorf.
  17. ^ Rangelist der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine für Das Jahr 1912. Berlin: Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn. 1912. p. 61. Retrieved 9 May 2026 – via Heinrich Hein Universität Düsseldorf.
  18. ^ Rangelist der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine für Das Jahr 1913. Berlin: Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn. 1913. p. 63. Retrieved 9 May 2026 – via Heinrich Hein Universität Düsseldorf.
  19. ^ Fock 1989, p. 349.
  20. ^ Groos 1920, Tabelle 1: Kriegsliederung der deutschen Seestreitkräfte Anfang August 1914.
  21. ^ a b Fock 1989, p. 350.
  22. ^ Firle 1921, p. 208.
  23. ^ Halpern 1994, pp. 195–196.
  24. ^ Rollmann 1929, pp. 201–202.
  25. ^ Fock 1989, p. 352.
  26. ^ Rollmann 1929, p. 230.
  27. ^ Halpern 1994, pp. 196–198.
  28. ^ Rollmann 1929, pp. 238–239.
  29. ^ Halpern 1994, p. 198.
  30. ^ Rollmann 1929, pp. 271–273.
  31. ^ a b Stoelzel 1930, p. 39.
  32. ^ Halpern 1994, p. 207.
  33. ^ Halpern 1994, pp. 213–215.
  34. ^ Fock 1989, pp. 361–362.
  35. ^ von Gagern 1962, pp. 414–418.
  36. ^ Chesneau & Kolesnik 1979, p. 293.
  37. ^ Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, p. 186.
  38. ^ Dodson 2019, p. 138.
  39. ^ Gladisch 1965, p. 174.
  40. ^ Gladisch 1965, p. 176.
  41. ^ Stoelzel 1930, p. 15.
  42. ^ Fock 1989, p. 348.
  43. ^ Dodson 2019, p. 129.
  44. ^ Dodson 2019, pp. 129–130.
  45. ^ Dodson 2019, p. 135.
  46. ^ Gröner, Jung & Maass 1990, pp. 175–176.

Bibliography

  • Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
  • Dodson, Aidan (2019). "Beyond the Kaiser: The IGN's Destroyers and Torpedo Boats After 1918". In Jordan, John (ed.). Warship 2019. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. pp. 129–144. ISBN 978-1-4728-3595-6.
  • Firle, Rudolph (1921). Der Krieg in der Ostsee: Erster Band: Von Kriegsbeginn bis Mitte März 1915. Der Krieg zur See: 1914–1918 (in German). Berlin: Verlag von E. S. Mittler und Sohn.
  • Fock, Harald (1981). Schwarze Gesellen: Band 2: Zerstörer bis 1914 (in German). Herford, Germany: Koelers Verlagsgesellschaft mBH. ISBN 3-7822-0206-6.
  • Fock, Harald (1989). Z-Vor! Internationale Entwicklung und Kriegseinsätze von Zerstörern und Torpedobooten 1914 bis 1939 (in German). Herford, Germany: Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mBH. ISBN 3-7822-0207-4.
  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines and ASW Weapons of All Nations: An Illustrated Directory. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.
  • von Gagern, Ernst (1962). Der Krieg in der Ostsee: Dritter Band: Von Anfang 1916 bis zum Kriegsende (in German). Frankfurt: Verlag von E.S. Mittler & Sohn.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
  • Gladisch, Walter, ed. (1965). Der Krieg in der Nordsee: Band 7: Vom Sommer 1917 bis zum Kriegsende 1918. Der Krieg zur See: 1914–1918. Frankfurt: Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1983). Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe 1815–1945: Band 2: Torpedoboote, Zerstörer, Schnellboote, Minensuchboote, Minenräumboote (in German). Koblenz: Bernard & Graef Verlag. ISBN 3-7637-4801-6.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1990). German Warships 1915–1945: Volume One: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis, Maryland, US: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-790-9.
  • Groos, O. (1920). Der Krieg in der Nordsee: Erster Band: Von Kreigsbeginn bis Anfang September 1914. Der Krieg zur See: 1914–1918 (in German). Berlin: Verlag von E. S. Mittler und Sohn – via National Library of Estonia.
  • Halpern, Paul G. (1994). A Naval History of World War I. London: UCL Press. ISBN 1-85728-498-4.
  • Moore, John (1990). Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I. London: Studio. ISBN 1-85170-378-0.
  • Rollmann, Heinrich (1929). Der Krieg in der Ostsee: Zweiter Band: Das Kreigjahr 1915. Der Krieg zur See: 1914–1918 (in German). Berlin: Verlag von E. S. Mittler und Sohn.
  • Stoelzel, Albert (1930). Ehrenrangliste der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine 1914–1918 (in German). Berlin: Thormann & Goetsch.

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