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neopterygians was their effectiveness at adapting to different diets. Pycnodonts from the Late Triassic Zorzino Limestone in Italy had short and stout...

Cretaceous. North American species could reach comparatively giant sizes for pycnodonts. The following species are known: A. faba Agassiz, 1836 - Turonian of...

Paleontology 36:1-122 Matsui, K.; Kimura, Y. (2022). "A "Mammalian-like" Pycnodont Fish: Independent Acquisition of Thecodont Implantation, True Vertical...

group of what have been referred to as armored pycnodonts. These fish, like some other more derived pycnodonts, have a reduced operculum with a much larger...

species "Eomesodon" hoeferi. They represent some of the earliest known pycnodonts, which would go on to become one of the dominant fish groups in the succeeding...

early-mid Cretaceous, it was one of the longest-surviving and most successful pycnodont genera. It was most abundant in Europe during the Late Jurassic, and was...

generally similar to other derived pycnodonts with it being described as having a clathrate pattern. Also like other pycnodonts, the fish has more unique scales...

to the hook-shaped pharyngeal teeth present on the branchial arch of pycnodonts. Some species placed in this genus were previously assigned to the fossil...

paper, a 2020 publication by Samuel L.A. Cooper and David M. Martill, pycnodonts were very poorly known from the Akrabou Formation with the only mention...

only a single species, Congopycnodus cornutus. Its attribution to the pycnodonts has been disputed. Congopycnodus was described on the basis of skull fragments...

Mesturidae is a family of pycnodont fishes. Mesturidae in the Paleobiology Database Jones, Lewis A. (2022-11-23). "sepkoski: Sepkoski's Fossil Marine...

(2017-07-28). "A unique Cretaceous–Paleogene lineage of piranha-jawed pycnodont fishes". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6802. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6802V...

Coelodus is an extinct genus of marine and possibly freshwater pycnodont fish. It contains only one definitive species, C. saturnus Heckel, 1854 (=C....

collected near Zapatoca. Fossil material include fishes, particularly pycnodonts and hybodontiform Strophodus, ichthyosaurs, elasmosaurids. Remains of...

relationships of Agoultpycnodus aldrovandii gen. and sp. nov., a new pycnodont fish genus (Pycnodontidae) from the marine Upper Cretaceous of Morocco"...

August 2022. Kriwet, Jürgen (August 2008). "The dentition of the enigmatic pycnodont fish, Athrodon wittei (Fricke, 1876) (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes; Late...

pycnodonts. Capasso, Ebert & Witzmann (2024) review dental pathologies in pycnodonts, report uneven distribution of tooth anomalies in the pycnodont fossil...

pycnodontid Flagellipinna rhomboides. An incredible diversity of fossil pycnodonts of various, highly unusual body plans is known, in addition to the earliest...

Turbomesodon. Both Neoproscinetes and Proscinetes are highly derived genera of pycnodonts. Voltani, Cibele (2011). "O ACERVO PALEOICTIOLÓGICO DO APTIANO-ALBIANO...

diet based on its narrow snout, but it wasn't suited for eating large pycnodonts like Phacodus, with the preserved portion of its skull measuring only...

Ichthyoceros, a pycnodont actinopterygian...

as-yet-unnamed, Transylvanian pterosaur taxon. In 2017, a new species of pycnodont fish, Scalacurvichthys naishi, was named after Naish. Below is a list...

"dawn Mesodon", Mesodon being a now-disused pycnodont genus) is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine pycnodont fish. It contains only a single definitive...

Site A sturgeon. Anomoeodus A. phaseolus Ellisdale Site, St. Georges A pycnodont. Atractosteus A. sp. Ellisdale Site A gar. Cyclurus C. cf. fragosus Ellisdale...

Khosla, Ashu; Kaur, Jasdeep; Prashanth, M. (2017-02-17). "Myliobatid and pycnodont fish from the Late Cretaceous of Central India and their paleobiogeographic...

"PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-04-02. Tintori, Andrea. "Two new Pycnodonts (Pisces: Actinopterygii) from the Upper Triassic of Lombardy (N. Italy)"...

brevissimus An ellimmichthyiform clupeomorph. Anomoeodus A. angustus A pycnodont. A. muensteri Aulolepis A. typus A ctenothrissiform. Apsopelix A. anglicus...

tethysensis Huehuetla A pycnodont. Pachyrhizodus P. caninus A pachyrhizodontid crossognathiform. Paranursallia P. gutturosa A pycnodont. Rhynchodercetis R...

Paranursallia is an extinct genus of nursalline pycnodont fish that lived during the Late Cretaceous epoch. Fossilised remains of Paranursallia spinosa...

Agassizilia is an extinct genus of both freshwater and marine pycnodont fishes from the mid-late Cretaceous (late Albian/early Cenomanian-Campanian)....

glypheids, mantis shrimp, and the closely related Stenochirus), fish (such as pycnodonts, pachycormids, aspidorhynchids and caturids) and marine reptiles (such...

(2017-07-28). "A unique Cretaceous–Paleogene lineage of piranha-jawed pycnodont fishes". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6802. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6802V...

Elsevier Science Direct. Capasso, Luigi (2024-08-02). "Biodiversity of †pycnodonts (Actinopterygii) during the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous)". Historical...

been consistently recovered for over 15 years. Single tooth fossil of pycnodont fish is represented from Dinosaur National Monument in Utah, found in...

M. sp. Oron Phosphate Member (Phosphorite Unit) 3 endocranial casts A pycnodont. Polymixiidae Indeterminate Oron Phosphate Member (Phosphorite Unit) 3...

Gyronchus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine pycnodont fish from the Jurassic. This genus is currently treated as a wastebasket taxon, with several...

agassizii (Cooper, 1863) (the desert tortoise). In 2020, a new genus of pycnodont fish (Actinopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) named Agassazilia erfoundina (Cooper...

but include beetles. Fish include the hybodonts Acrodus and Hybodus, pycnodonts, the semionotiform Lepidotes, amiiforms, and a sarcopterygian that may...

sadeki) Tura Full specimen A grunt. Pycnodus P. mokattamensis Tooth plate A pycnodont. Trigonodon T. laevis Pharyngeal teeth A wrasse, taxonomic assignment...

Protorhamphosus P. parvulus A macroramphosid. Pycnodontiformes indet. A pycnodont. Scomberomorus S. avitus A Spanish mackerel. Scombrosarda S. turkmenica...

Lebanon provides new insights about the morphological diversification of pycnodont fishes through time" (PDF). Cretaceous Research. 61: 34–43. Bibcode:2016CrRes...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

Anomoeodus ?A. sp. Lowerverse, west Texas Lower Shale Isolated tooth crown A pycnodont. Likely transported out of a marine habitat. Atractosteus A. sp. Lowerverse...

recent studies indicate that they likely represent the pharyngeal teeth of pycnodonts, which are an unrelated, entirely extinct group of fish. In addition,...

thyrsus A nursalliine pycnodont. Nursallia N. veronae A nursalliine pycnodont. Palaeobalistum P. orbiculatum A nursalliine pycnodont. Pycnodus P. apodus...

Indeterminate Arabian Peninsula Campanian Vertebral centra A gar Pycnodontiformes Indet. Indeterminate Arabian Peninsula Campanian Teeth A pycnodont...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

Jones, 1981 (alternately considered a pycnodont) Genus ?†Hadrodus Leidy, 1857 (alternately considered a pycnodont) Family †Pleurolepididae Lütken 1871...

Italiana. 45 (1). Louis Taverne; Luigi Capasso; Maria Del Re (2019). "The pycnodont fishes from the Lower Cretaceous of the Capo d'Orlando, near Castellammare...

and Ptychotrygon, and the guitarfish Rhinobatos. As for bony fish, the pycnodont Anomoeodus has been reported from the formation. Some invertebrates are...

doi:10.1127/njgpa/225/2002/39. Capasso, Luigi (2023). "Biodiversity of †pycnodonts (Actinopterygii) during the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous)". Historical...

possible scales Pycnodontiform Polazzodus P. mihalyfii A pycnodontid pycnodont Vidalamiinae Indeterminate "Two vertebrae" Amiidae Indeterminate A left...

aspidorhynchid. Gyrodus G. sp. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Teeth, partial skeleton A pycnodont. The most abundant vertebrate fossil in the formation. Nhanulepisosteus...

Palaeobalistum goedeli Heckel, 1856 Cenomanian Hjoula and Mayfouq Pycnodontidae A pycnodont fish Palaeobenthesicymus libanensis (Brocchi, 1875) Santonian Sahel Alma...

reworked material from lower layers. Eotrigonodon E. indicus Teeth A pycnodont. Eutrichiurides E. sp. Teeth A cutlassfish. Osteoglossidae indet. Teeth...

Landing, NC Anomoeodus A. phaseolus Phoebus Landing, NC A pycnodontid pycnodont. Ariidae indet. Blue Banks Landing, NC 11 otoliths A sea catfish of uncertain...

such as Clevosaurus are described as "carnassial-like". A lineage of pycnodont fish also developed carnassials eerily convergent with those of modern...

A. sp. Otolith A cusk-eel. Anomoeodus A. foriri Teeth, tooth plates A pycnodont. A. fraiponti A. subclavatus Apateodus A. corneti Jaws, teeth, articulated...

S. sp. Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island Pharyngeal teeth A pycnodontid pycnodont Tribodus T. limae Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island Dorsal spines A hybodont...

which represented a subadult specimen. Polazzodus, being a low-bodied pycnodont, is most similar morphologically to Pycnodus and Tergestrinia, though...

Genus & species undetermined Premaxillae with dentition (MNA V10076). A pycnodont. Xiphactinus X. sp., cf. X. audax Fin, vertebral & skull elements. An...

Pragya; Bhattacharya, Debasish (2022-12-01). "Oldest East Gondwanan pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)...

specimen (NVP023). A pycnodont. Carangidae Diastemapycnodus D. tavernensis Beris Member "A single vomer with partial dentition". A pycnodont. Menidae Sclerorhynchus...

Fossil material of Eomesodon sp., representing the oldest record of pycnodonts from Gondwana reported to date, is described from the Middle Jurassic...

remains of an indeterminate sauropod as well as those of hybodont sharks, pycnodont fish, turtles, and crocodilians. The sauropod was found in hard calcite...

4202/app.00873.2021. Kriwet, Jürgen (2016-11-15). Success and extinction of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontomorpha) (Report). Austrian Science Fund...

phyllodontid albuliform. Platylaemus P. colei A wrasse. Pycnodus P. sp. A pycnodont. Rhineastes R. peltatus A catfish. cf. Sciaenurus cf. S. bowerbanki A...

13130/2039-4942/13224. ISSN 2039-4942. Capasso, Luigi (2024-08-02). "Biodiversity of †pycnodonts (Actinopterygii) during the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous)". Historical...

triakid shark cf. Pycnodus cf. P. sp. Late Maastrichtian A pycodontid pycnodont Phyllodontidae indet. Indeterminate Late Maastrichtian Rhinobatos R. sp...

Rubiesichthys R. gregalis Las Hoyas Gonorynchiform Stenamara S. mia Las Hoyas Pycnodont Turbomesodon T. praeclarus Las Hoyas Vidalamia V. cf. catalunica Las Hoyas...

Samuel L.A. Cooper; David M. Martill (2020). "A diverse assemblage of pycnodont fishes (Actinopterygii, Pycnodontomorpha) from the mid-Cretaceous, continental...

Pierre; Taverne, Louis (2009). "Nursallia tethysensis sp. nov., a new pycnodont fish (Neopterygii: †halecostomi) from the Cenomanian of Lebanon". Bulletin...

Palaeocybium P. proosti A mackerel. Phyllodus P. toliapicus A phyllodontid. Pycnodus P. bowerbanki A pycnodont. Trichiurides T. sagittidens A cutlassfish....

Poyato-Ariza, Francisco José (2010-05-18). "Polazzodus, gen. nov., a new pycnodont fish from the Late Cretaceous of northeastern Italy". Journal of Vertebrate...

Psettopsis subarcuatus, a mooneyfish Pycnodus platessus, one of the last pycnodont fish Pygaeus nobilis, a bony-fish Serranus occipitalis, a sea bass Sharfia...

NC A bonefish. Anomoeodus A. phaseolus Elizabethtown, NC A pycnodontid pycnodont. Cylindracanthus C. sp Elizabethtown, NC A fish of uncertain affinities...

Formation (Hungary): evidence for a freshwater habitat of mosasaurs and pycnodont fish". Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 280 (3–4) (280 ed.): 532–542...

Anomoeodus A. phaseolus Maastrichtian, potentially Danian 8 teeth A pycnodont. One tooth is known from the Danian section of the formation, which would...

Pfeil, München, Germany, 1996 – ISBN 3-923871-90-2 "The phylogeny of pycnodont fishes" Ebert, Martin (2026-02-03). "Macromesodon Blake, 1905 and Apomesodon...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

Proscinetes bernardi, one example of pycnodont that was once assigned as Pycnodus...

a relative of the genus Eomesodon, representing the oldest record of pycnodonts from East Gondwana reported to date, is described from the Middle Jurassic...

doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1497022. S2CID 91632554. Luigi Capasso (2020). "†Pycnodonts (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the Del Rio Formation (Early Cenomanian...

are shown below. Cawley, John; Kriwet, Jürgen (14 June 2017). "A new pycnodont fish, Scalacurvichthys naishi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous...

algae formed rhodoliths. In addition there were bivalves (inoceramids and pycnodonts), bryozoans, corals, gastropods, echinoderms, echinoids, ostracods and...

the dromaeosaur Dromaeosauroides or marine turtles. Also, unidentified pycnodont jaws and two small stem-teleosteans have been uncovered. Amioid scales...

tamaguelense A freshwater claroteid catfish. Pycnodus P. zeaformis A marine pycnodont. P. maliensis P. sp Stratodus S. apicalis A giant marine dercetid aulopiform...

revision. Gyrodus G. macropthalmus cubensis Mogote La Mina Jagua Vieja Mb. A pycnodont. Hypsocormus H. leedsi Laguna de Piedra Jagua Vieja Mb. A pachycormiform...

ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 8542373. PMID 34721970. Luigi Capasso (2020). "†Pycnodonts (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the Del Rio Formation (Early Cenomanian...

JSTOR 4523045. Cawley, John J.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2017-06-14). "A new pycnodont fish,Scalacurvichthys naishigen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous...

Hornung, Jahn & Hannover, Landesmuseum & Brandt-Allee, Willy. (2021). Pycnodont fishes (Actinopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Lower Cretaceous of...

Actinopterygii of the New Egypt Formation Genus Species Member Location Material Notes Images Images Anomoeodus A. phaseolus Blackwood Terrace A pycnodont....

Gorgonophontidae and Daidalidae. Everhart, M. J. (2007). "Remains of a pycnodont fish (Actinopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) in a coprolite; An upper record...

an indetermiate lamniform as well as actinopterygians, including the pycnodont Anomoeodus, remains referred to Lepidotes and a bowfin relative. In addition...

providing evidence of a distinct pattern of gap-filling tooth addition in pycnodonts, with individual large teeth replaced by multiple small teeth, is published...

Lebanon provides new insights about the morphological diversification of pycnodont fishes through time". Cretaceous Research. 61: 34–43. Bibcode:2016CrRes...

(2005). "New insight into the distribution and palaeobiology of the pycnodont fish Gyrodus". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (1). Archived from the...

1111/1755-6724.13832. S2CID 134455082. Louis Taverne (2019). "A horny pycnodont fish (Pycnodontiformes) in the continental Middle Jurassic (Stanleyville...

Shimada, K.; Williamson, T. E.; Sealey, P. L. (2010). "A new gigantic pycnodont fish from the Juana Lopez Member of the Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale...

classified as Perciformes, yet suggested to be very similar to the Cretaceous pycnodont Stephanodus. Semionotiformes Indeterminate Paikasigudem village Kota limestone...

formation are rare and mostly poorly-preserved. Two cycloid fish scales, a pycnodont tooth and bone fragments of 'enaliosaurs' (a classification now obsolete)...

(2): 200–205. Applegate, Shelton P. (1992). "A new genus and species of pycnodont from the Cretaceous (Albian) of Central Mexico, Tepexi de Rodriguéz, Puebla"...

Pfeil, München, Germany, 1996 – ISBN 3-923871-90-2 "The phylogeny of pycnodont fishes" L. Taverne; L. Capasso (2014). "Ostéologie et phylogénie des Coccodontidae...

Cenomanian to Turonian A protopterid lungfish Pycnodontidae Indet. Indeterminate Awbari Governorate, Libya Cenomanian to Turonian A pycnodontid pycnodont...

K.J.; Smith, R.E.; Martill, D. (2022). "Contrasting preservation in pycnodont fishes reveals first record of regurgitalites from the Upper Cretaceous...

"Reassessment of Cosmodus Sauvage, 1879, a poorly known genus of large pycnodont fish (Actinopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous)...

Gheerbrant (2017). "A unique Cretaceous–Paleogene lineage of piranha-jawed pycnodont fishes". Scientific Reports. 7 (1) 6802. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6802V....

over the nature of the fossil. It was proposed to be the remains of a pycnodont fish but further studies eventually made this hypothesis unlikely. The...

2024-02-26. Kriwet, J. (2008-08-01). "The dentition of the enigmatic pycnodont fish, Athrodon wittei (Fricke, 1876) (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes; Late...