Prunus mugus

Prunus mugus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Prunus
Subgenus: Prunus subg. Cerasus
Species:
P. mugus
Binomial name
Prunus mugus
Synonyms

Prunus mugus (Chinese: 偃樱桃 "supine cherry") is a species of cherry found in Yunnan province of China and nearby areas of Myanmar and Tibet.[4][5] A prostrate shrub 1 m tall, it prefers to grow in thickets in the krummholz zone on mountain slopes from 3200 to 3,700 m or even 4,075 m (13,400 ft) above sea level.[6][7] Heinrich von Handel-Mazzetti, who discovered it, named the species after Pinus mugo, the dwarf mountain pine.[1]

Description

In their native habitat Prunus mugus are low-lying shrubs at most 1 m tall. The bark of the older branches is taupe in color. The bark of branchlets is brown to taupe, and young branchlets are densely covered in appressed villous hairs. Winter buds are ovoid-ellipsoid and glabrous, with acuminate apices. The stipules are linear, 5 to 8 mm long, with margins gland-tipped and fimbriate. Petioles are 2 to 7 mm long and glabrous. P. mugus leaf blades are obovate to obovate-elliptic, and 0.7 to 2 cm wide by 1 to 3.5 cm long. They have cuneate bases, acutely biserrate margins, and obtuse to acute apices, with 5 to 9 secondary veins on either side of the midvein. The abaxial surface of the leaves are pale green and glabrous, and the adaxial surface of the leaves is dark green and glabrous (occasionally pilose when young).[8]

Inflorescences are one-flowered or two-flowered, and held in a fascicle. The involucral bracts are obovate-oblong, 2 to 3 mm wide by 5 to 8 mm long, with abaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces pilose, possessing glandular hairy margins, and with no peduncle present. Pedicels are 0.3 to 3 cm and glabrous. The hypanthia are tubular, 2 to 3 mm wide by 6 to 8 mm long. The sepals are triangularly long ovate, 2 to 3 mm long, with glandular serrate margins, and acuminate to acute apices. Petals are white to pink, often shell-pink, suborbicular, with erose apices. There are 30 to 45 stamens per flower. The glabrous style is exserted after anthesis, and is much longer than the stamens. The fruit, a drupe, is dark red when ripe, is usually 0.8 cm wide by 1 cm long, and has a markedly sculptured endocarp. Flowers usually open at the same time as the leaves, in May through July, and fruits set in July through August, depending on local temperatures.[citation needed]

Uses

When cultivated at low altitude, Prunus mugus takes a taller, bushy growth form, with stiff, thick stems, and flowers that are "more curious than beautiful".[9] P. mugus has been successfully tested as a dwarfing rootstock for sweet cherries but since propagating it from cuttings is very difficult it is not commercially viable.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 152. 1923
  2. ^ Vegetationsbilder. 17(Heft 7/8): [8]. 1927
  3. ^ Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae, Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae; 1974, 71, t.12,f.3, 1986
  4. ^ Merrill, E.D. (1941). "The Upper Burma Plants Collected by Captain F. Kingdon Ward on the Vernay-Cutting Expedition, 1938–39". Brittonia. 4 (1): 20–188. doi:10.2307/2804985. JSTOR 2804985. S2CID 42643687.
  5. ^ Fang, Jingyun; Wang, Zhiheng; Tang, Zhiyao (2011). Atlas of Woody Plants in China: Distribution and Climate. p. 494. ISBN 9783642150173.
  6. ^ Schweinfurth, Ulrich (1957). Die Horizontale und vertikale Verbreitung der Vegetation im Himalaya. Bonn: Dümmler. p. 252. OCLC 163711238.
  7. ^ Hartmann, Max (1934). "Berichte Biochemie und Biologie". Berichte über die Gesamte Biologie. Abt. A. 27: 509.
  8. ^ "Prunus mugus Hand.-Mazz. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science".
  9. ^ Hillier Manual of Trees and Shrubs. Devon: David & Charles. 1990. p. 330. ISBN 9780715399422.
  10. ^ Pennell, D.; Dodd, P.B.; Webster, A.D.; Matthews, P. (1983). "The effects of species and hybrid rootstocks on the growth and cropping of Merton Glory and Merton Bigarreau sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.)". Journal of Horticultural Science. 58 (1): 51–61. doi:10.1080/00221589.1983.11515090.

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