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The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of wolves. Also called the domestic dog, it was selectively bred during the Late Pleistocene by hunter-gatherers. Dogs and the modern gray wolf share a common ancestor. Dogs were the first species to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture, though genetic studies suggest the domestication process may have begun over 25,000 years ago. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.

Dogs have been bred for desired behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They have the same number of bones (with the exception of the tail), powerful jaws that house around 42 teeth, and well-developed senses of smell, hearing, and sight. Compared to humans, dogs possess a superior sense of smell and hearing, but inferior visual acuity. Dogs perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, companionship, therapy, aiding disabled people, and assisting police and the military.

Communication in dogs includes eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs), and chemical communication (scents, pheromones, and taste). They mark their territories by urinating on them, which is more likely when entering a new environment. Over the millennia, dogs have uniquely adapted to human behavior; this adaptation includes being able to understand and communicate with humans. As such, the human–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study, and dogs' influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)

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The Parson Russell Terrier is an English breed of small white terrier that was the original Fox Terrier of the 18th century. The breed is named after the Reverend Jack Russell, credited with the creation of this type of dog. It is the recognised conformation show variety of the Jack Russell Terrier and was first recognised in 1990 in the United Kingdom as the Parson Jack Russell Terrier. In America, it was first recognised as the Jack Russell Terrier in 1997. The name was changed to its current form in 1999 in the UK and by 2008 all international kennel clubs recognised it under the new name.

A mostly white breed with either a smooth, rough or broken coat, it conforms to a narrower range of sizes than the Jack Russell. It is a feisty, energetic terrier, suited to sports and able to get along with children and other animals. It has a range of breed-related health issues, mainly relating to eye disorders. (Full article...)

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A dachshund dressed in homage to the legend of the naming of the hot dog.

Credit: Jessadactyl

The naming of the modern American hot dog is supposedly influenced by the dachshund. In 1852, the butcher's guild in Frankfurt am Main created a smoked, spiced sausage in a thin casing, dubbed a "little-dog" or "dachshund sausage" for its obvious resemblance to the low-riding German dog. The popular legend on the etymology of hot dog holds that a cartoonist named Tad Dorgan attended a polo match in New York in 1901 where vendors roamed the aisles imploring patrons to "get your red-hot dachshund sausages." Enchanted, Dorgan drew a smiling dachshund nestled in a long bun, but couldn't spell dachshund, so he captioned it "hot dog!" and thus the food got its name.

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Dog behavior refers to the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli. It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and adaptation to human lifestyles. As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans. Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in domestic dogs. Dog behavior is influenced by a combination of physiological factors, environmental conditions, and human interaction, all of which play a part in the development of a dog's behavior and overall welfare. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various dog-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (from Dog anatomy)
Image 2Golden Retriever puppy (from Puppy)
Image 3St. Bernard puppy (from Puppy)
Image 4Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 5Basset Hound (from Puppy)
Image 6Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (from Dog breed)
Image 7An extinct Turnspit dog, 1800 (from Dog type)
Image 8West Highland White Terrier puppies (from Puppy)
Image 9Ancient Hawaiian petroglyphic depiction of an ʻīlio (Hawaiian Poi Dog) (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 10Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Dog breed)
Image 11Australian Cattle Dog puppy (from Puppy)
Image 12A mongrel puppy (from Puppy)
Image 13The nose of a dog (from Dog anatomy)
Image 14Skeleton of a dog:1. Cranium 2. Maxilla 3. Mandible 4. Atlas 5. Axis 6. Scapula 7. Spine of scapula 8. Humerus 9. Radius 10. Ulna 11. Phalanges 12. Metacarpal bones 13. Carpal bones 14. Sternum 15. Cartilaginous part of the rib 16. Ribs 17. Phalanges 18. Metatarsal bones 19. Tarsal Bones 20. Calcaneus 21. Fibula 22. Tibia 23. Patella 24. Femur 25. Ischium 26. Pelvis (from Dog anatomy)
Image 15A cavapoo and maltipoo running back while playing fetch (from Dog behavior)
Image 16Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting – Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 17The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago, before or during the Last Glacial Maximum, when much of the mammoth steppe was cold and dry. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 18A little mongrel puppy on the shore, on Halong Bay (from Puppy)
Image 19Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 20Lateral view of a dog skeleton (from Dog anatomy)
Image 21Newborn Basenji puppies (from Puppy)
Image 22Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 23Reduction in size under selective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 24Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (from Dog type)
Image 25Boxer and Labrador Mix (from Dog breed)
Image 26Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 27Cave wolf skull, Natural History Museum, Berlin (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 28Puggle puppy (from Puppy)
Image 29Watercolor tracing made by archaeologist Henri Breuil from a cave painting of a wolf-like canid, Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 30An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (from Dog breed)
Image 31The difference in overall body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 32A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
Image 33Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (from Dog breed)
Image 34German Spitz puppy (from Puppy)
Image 35The difference in body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 36Basenji puppy (from Puppy)
Image 37President Lyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (from Puppy)
Image 38Sled dogs, 1833 (from Dog type)
Image 39Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 40A labradoodle puppy and a Golden Retriever puppy playing together (from Puppy)
Image 41Frontal view of a dog skull (from Dog anatomy)
Image 42Mandible of the Bonn–Oberkassel dog from the oldest dog-human co-burial dated 14,200 years old (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 43Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (from Dog anatomy)
Image 44The Greenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 45A dog's whiskers (from Dog anatomy)
Image 46Map depicting possible phylogeographic origins of dingoes, New Guinea singing dogs, and Island Southeast Asian and Oceanian dogs, based on recent genetic evidence (Fillios & Taçon, 2016) (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 47A dog's teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 48Newborn Welsh Springer Spaniels (from Puppy)
Image 49Cavapoo puppy (from Puppy)
Image 50The dog's retina shows the optic disc and the eye's vasculature. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 51Chihuahua mix and purebred Great Dane (from Dog breed)
Image 52Chihuahua puppy (from Puppy)
Image 53NASA astronaut Leland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (from Dog behavior)
Image 54Jack Russell Terrier puppy (from Puppy)
Image 55Bloodhound puppy (from Puppy)
Image 56A wolf mandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 57Mammoth bone dwelling, Mezhirich site, Ukraine (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 58External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2. Muzzle 3. Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7. Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9. Hock 10. Hind feet 11. Withers 12. Stifle 13. Paws 14. Tail (from Dog anatomy)
Image 59"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (from Dog breed)
Image 60Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
Image 61Dog knee (from Dog anatomy)
Image 62Two Shih Tzu puppies (from Puppy)

Did you know (auto-generated) - show different entries

... that submerging a dog in motor oil was a pseudoscientific method used to treat infestations of Demodex injai?
... that Berenice Olmedo once sold products made from dog carcasses at a flea market?
... that Palmire Dumont, a pioneer of LGBT nightlife in "Gay Paree", was among the first members of the French Bulldog-Owners Club and met other bulldog owners in her lesbian bar?
... that Cūḷāmaṇi Cetiya is believed in Buddhist cosmology to enshrine both the Buddha's topknot and his right canine tooth?
... that Diana Vicezar created recycled housing for street dogs, a recruitment platform for international students, and a podcast about Latin American students in Ireland?
... that Lambrini Girls have described their January 2025 debut album Who Let the Dogs Out as "a party for pissed off, gay, angry sluts"?

More did you know... - show different entries

...that Rex, (pictured) Ronald Reagan's pet Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, lived at the White House in a lavish doghouse decorated with framed portraits of the First Family?
...that the Caribou Inuit people are defined by their fur clothing, use of sled dogs and their snowhouses?
...that a legend says that when Philip de Braose irreverently spent the night in a church dedicated to Saint Afan, he was struck blind the next morning and his hunting dogs went mad?
...that the Koitsenko were the honorary elite of the Kiowa dog soldiers, who tribal lore says called themselves that because they had dreams or visions of dogs?

...that Fred Gipson was an American author best remembered for creating a fictional dog featured in a book and the classic 1957 movie Old Yeller?
...that Pal, owned by animal trainers Frank and Rudd Weatherwax, was the name of the first dog to portray Lassie?
...that fans in the Dawg Pound at Cleveland Browns Stadium used to throw dog food at opposing players?
...that the sled dog Togo is considered one of the heroes commemorated by the Iditarod dog sled race which is currently running across the U.S. state of Alaska?

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