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such as substance, property, relation, state of affairs, and event. Ontologists disagree regarding which entities exist at the most basic level. Platonic...

Substance theory, or substance–attribute theory, is an ontological theory positing that objects are constituted each by a substance and properties borne...

by their relations with humans or other objects. For object-oriented ontologists, all relations, including those between nonhumans, distort their related...

Karl Marx (German: [ˈkaʁl ˈmaʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, social and political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary...

solutions architect at data.world and the principal consultant at Working Ontologist LLC. Dean Allemang has a formal background, with an MSc in Mathematics...

Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (/ˈtoʊlstɔɪ, ˈtɒl-/; Russian: Лев Николаевич Толстой, IPA: [ˈlʲef nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ tɐlˈstoj] ; 9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1828...

Guerrilla ontology is a practice described by author Robert Anton Wilson in his 1980 book The Illuminati Papers as "the basic technique of all my books...

Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American intellectual, philosopher, linguist, political activist, and social critic. Sometimes called...

François-Marie Arouet (French: [fʁɑ̃swa maʁi aʁwɛ]; 21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778), known by his pen name Voltaire (/vɒlˈtɛər, voʊl-/, US also /vɔːl-/;...

Cornelius Castoriadis (Greek: Κορνήλιος Καστοριάδης; 11 March 1922 – 26 December 1997) was a Greek-French philosopher, sociologist, social critic, economist...

John Beverley (born April 8, 1983) is an American philosopher and ontologist. He is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University at Buffalo and...

best practices and for providing training opportunities for biomedical ontologists. Between 2013 and 2018 he served as ontology lead on the NIAID ImmPort...

Bruce Hyde (September 14, 1941 – October 13, 2015) was an American educator and actor. He was professor of communication studies at St. Cloud State University...

William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the...

Aristotle (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, romanized: Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings span the natural...

Americanist), literary and cultural critic John Beverley (ontologist), American philosopher and ontologist at University at Buffalo John Beverley, early name...

Philip Kindred Dick (December 16, 1928 – March 2, 1982) was an American science fiction short story writer and novelist. He wrote 45 novels and about 121...

John Castagnini (born December 3, 1970) is an ontologist, public speaker on consciousness, and publisher of the best-selling "Thank God i" series of self-help...

people whose life is recounted in the book is the Oxford philosopher and ontologist of the infosphere Luciano Floridi. In 2006, Variety reported that Miramax...

Heraclitus (/ˌhɛrəˈklaɪtəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἡράκλειτος, romanized: Hērákleitos; fl. c. 500 BC) was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from the city...

René Descartes (/deɪˈkɑːrt/ day-KART, also /ˈdeɪkɑːrt/ DAY-kart; French: [ʁəne dekaʁt] ; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist...

Johann Caspar Schmidt (25 October 1806 – 26 June 1856), known by the pen name Max Stirner (/ˈstɜːrnər/; German: [ˈʃtɪʁnɐ]), was a German philosopher, dealing...

John Dewey (/ˈduːi/; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer. He was one of the most prominent...

Structural Marxist) and Cornelius Castoriadis (philosopher of history and ontologist, social critic, economist, psychoanalyst). Significant engineers and automobile...

Immanuel Kant (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher. Born in Königsberg in the Kingdom of Prussia, he is considered...

most general kinds, such as substance, property, relation, and fact. Ontologists research which categories there are, how they depend on one another,...

Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish...

Nāgārjuna (Sanskrit, from Nāga + Arjuna; Chn. Lóngshù 龍樹; Tib. Klu sgrub; c. 150 – c. 250 CE) was a philosopher and Mahāyāna Buddhist monk from South India...

Barbara Ann Kipfer (born 1954) is a lexicographer, linguist, ontologist, and part-time archaeologist. She has written more than 70 books and calendars...

Paul Rudolf Carnap (/ˈkɑːrnæp/; German: [ˈkaʁnaːp]; 18 May 1891 – 14 September 1970) was a German philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and...

Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban (/ˈbeɪkən/; 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626 (O.S.)) was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney...

merely possible objects like Santa Claus have being but lack existence. Ontologist Takashi Yagisawa (20th century–present) contrasts existence with reality;...

Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (/ˈvɪtɡənʃtaɪn, -staɪn/ VIT-gən-s(h)tyne; Austrian German: [ˈluːdvɪç ˈjoːsɛf ˈjoːhan ˈvɪtɡn̩ʃtaɪn]; 26 April 1889 – 29...

Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (/ˈsɑːrtrə/, US also /sɑːrt/; French: [saʁtʁ]; 21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist...

Slavoj Žižek (born 21 March 1949) is a Slovenian neo-Marxist philosopher, cultural theorist and public intellectual. Žižek is a Global Distinguished Professor...

Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach (/ˈfɔɪərbɑːx/ FOIR-bahkh; German: [ˈluːtvɪç ˈfɔʏɐbax]; 28 July 1804 – 13 September 1872) was a German philosopher and anthropologist...

To assist in indexing, Joe and Gordon hire Dr. Katie Herman as chief ontologist for Comet. The Rover team requests series A funding to better compete...

This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Ibn Sina (c. 980 – 22...

Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian–British philosopher, academic and social commentator. One of the 20th century's...

Thomas Hobbes (/hɒbz/ HOBZ; 5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679) was an English philosopher and political theorist, best known for his 1651 book Leviathan,...

Adi Shankara (8th c. CE), also called Adi Shankaracharya (Sanskrit: आदि शङ्कर, आदि शङ्कराचार्य, romanized: Ādi Śaṅkara, Ādi Śaṅkarācārya, lit. 'First Shankaracharya'...

James; Gandon, Fabien (August 3, 2020). Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist : Effective Modeling for Linked Data, RDFS, and OWL (Third ed.). [New...

Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (Arabic: أبو نصر محمد الفارابي, romanized: Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-Fārābī; c. 870 – 14 December 950–12 January 951), known in...

sequential order! – YouTube". YouTube. 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2016-03-18. "Ontologist: Music, Video, and Meaning | VIDEO ROOM 1000 FAQ". 2010-06-02. Retrieved...

Emanuel Swedenborg (/ˈswiːdənbɔːrɡ/; Swedish: [ɛˈmɑ̂ːnʉɛl ˈsvêːdɛnˌbɔrj] ; born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish polymath;...

Jakob Böhme (/ˈbeɪmə, ˈboʊ-/; German: [ˈbøːmə]; 24 April 1575 – 17 November 1624) was a German philosopher, Christian mystic, and Lutheran Protestant theologian...

Jacques Derrida (/dɛrɪˈdə, ˈdɛriːdɑː/; French: [ʒak dɛʁida]; born Jackie Élie Derrida; 15 July 1930 – 9 October 2004) was a French philosopher. He developed...

Alfred North Whitehead (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher. He created the philosophical school known as...

György Lukács (born Bernát György Löwinger; Hungarian: Szegedi Lukács György; German: Georg Bernard Lukács; 13 April 1885 – 4 June 1971) was a Hungarian...

Martin Heidegger (26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976) was a German philosopher whose work was central to the development of phenomenology, hermeneutics, and...

Kurt Friedrich Gödel (/ˈɡɜːrdəl/ GUR-dəl; German: [ˈkʊʁt ˈɡøːdl̩] ; April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was a logician, mathematician, and philosopher....

Parmenides of Elea (/pɑːrˈmɛnɪdiːz ... ˈɛliə/; Ancient Greek: Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek...

Aix-les-Bains – May 17, 2009 in Bydgoszcz), was a Polish logician and ontologist, Professor of Logic to the University of Toruń (Poland) from 1992 to 2004...

Kwame Akroma-Ampim Kusi Anthony Appiah (/ˈæpiɑː/ AP-ee-ah; born 8 May 1954) is a Ghanaian-English-American philosopher and writer who has written about...

Gilles Louis René Deleuze (18 January 1925 – 4 November 1995) was a French philosopher who, from the early 1950s until his death in 1995, wrote on philosophy...

Ibn Rushd (14 April 1126 – 11 December 1198), Latinized as Averroes, was an Andalusian polymath and jurist who was proficient in a variety of intellectual...

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, S.J. (French: [pjɛʁ tɛjaʁ də ʃaʁdɛ̃] ; 1 May 1881 – 10 April 1955) was a French Jesuit priest, scientist, paleontologist, philosopher...

Richard McKay Rorty (October 4, 1931 – June 8, 2007) was an American philosopher, historian of ideas, and public intellectual. Educated at the University...

Geoffrey Sayre-McCord (né McCord, born December 10, 1956) is an American philosopher who works in moral theory, ethics, meta-ethics, the history of ethics...

Franz Clemens Honoratus Hermann Josef Brentano (/brɛnˈtɑːnoʊ/; German: [bʁɛnˈtaːno]; 16 January 1838 – 17 March 1917) was a German philosopher and psychologist...

such destinies and prophecies lack Stormbringer's sentient specificity." Ontologist Levi Bryant stated that Stormbringer belongs to a special class of magical...

interface, or may codify domain knowledge for use by knowledge engineers or ontologists. An SME is also involved in validating the resulting system. SME has...

Hoffman and Rosenkrantz (1994), Roderick Chisholm (1996), Barry Smith (ontologist) (2003), and Jonathan Lowe (2006). Categories (Aristotle) Categories (Peirce)...

Lorenzo Chiesa (born 25 April 1976) is a philosopher, critical theorist, translator, and professor whose academic research and works focus on the intersection...

Sir James Hopwood Jeans OM FRS (11 September 1877 – 16 September 1946) was an English physicist, mathematician and an astronomer. He served as a secretary...

Gilbert Ryle (19 August 1900 – 6 October 1976) was a British philosopher, principally known for his critique of Cartesian dualism, for which he coined...

known by his stage name Paleface, is a Finnish hip hop musician. The Pale Ontologist (2001) Quarter Past (2003) Studio Tan (2007) Helsinki–Shangri-La (2010)...

Heinrich John Rickert (/ˈrɪkərt/; German: [ˈʁɪkɐt]; 25 May 1863 – 25 July 1936) was a German philosopher, a leading neo-Kantian of the Baden school. Rickert...

Paul Artin Boghossian (/bəˈɡoʊziən/; born June 4, 1957) is an American philosopher. He is Silver Professor of Philosophy at New York University, where...

Max Ferdinand Scheler (German: [ˈʃeːlɐ]; 22 August 1874 – 19 May 1928) was a German philosopher known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical...

Rudolf Otto (25 September 1869 – 7 March 1937) was a German Lutheran theologian, philosopher, and comparative religionist. He is regarded as one of the...

Jean Gaspard Félix Lacher Ravaisson-Mollien (/rɑːveɪˈsɒn/; French: [ʁavɛsɔ̃ mɔljɛ̃]; 23 October 1813 – 18 May 1900) was a French philosopher, 'perhaps...

Paul Nicolai Hartmann (German: [ˈhaʁtman]; 20 February 1882 – 9 October 1950) was a German philosopher. He is regarded as a key representative of critical...

Amia Srinivasan (born 20 December 1984) is a philosopher and author noted for her work in epistemology and feminist philosophy. Since January 2020, she...

Friedrich Paulsen (/ˈpaʊlzən/; German: [ˈpaʊlzən]; July 16, 1846 – August 14, 1908) was a German neo-Kantian philosopher and educator. He was a proponent...

Annemarie Mol (born 13 September 1958) is a Dutch ethnographer and philosopher. She is the Professor of Anthropology of the Body at the University of Amsterdam...

include: Barbara Ann Kipfer (born 1954), American lexicographer, linguist, ontologist and part-time archaeologist Christian Kipfer (1921–2009), Swiss gymnast...

Keiji Nishitani (西谷 啓治, Nishitani Keiji; February 27, 1900 – November 24, 1990) was a Japanese philosopher. He was a scholar of the Kyoto School and a...

Mencius (孟子, Mèngzǐ, MEN-shee-əs; c. 371 – c. 289 BC), born Meng Ke (孟軻), was a Chinese Confucian philosopher, often described as the Second Sage (亞聖)...

Oswald Arnold Gottfried Spengler (29 May 1880 – 8 May 1936) was a German polymath whose areas of interest included history, philosophy, mathematics, science...

Company's Philosophy & Pop Culture series and is edited by philosopher and ontologist, Robert Arp, at the time assistant professor of philosophy at Southwest...

chess player Becky Smethurst, astrophysicist Barry Smith (born 1952), ontologist Gerard Corley Smith (1909–1997), diplomat, environmentalist Dame Janet...

profits, over-production and excess consumption. The object-oriented ontologist Timothy Morton has explored similar ideas in the books Ecology without...

Malladi Chandrasekhara Sastry (22 August 1925 – 14 January 2022) was an Indian scholar and television personality who specialized in the Vedas and Puranas...

Herman Bavinck (13 December 1854 – 29 July 1921) was a Dutch Calvinist philosopher, theologian and churchman. He was a significant scholar in the Calvinist...

John Henry Newman (Saint, 21 February 1801 – 11 August 1890) was an English Catholic theologian, academic, philosopher, historian, writer, and poet. He...

Emmanuel Levinas (born Emanuelis Levinas /ˈlɛvɪnɑːs/; French: [ɛmanɥɛl levinas]; 12 January 1906 – 25 December 1995) was a French philosopher of Lithuanian...

Charles Hartshorne (/ˈhɑːrtshɔːrn/; June 5, 1897 – October 9, 2000) was an American philosopher who concentrated primarily on the philosophy of religion...

Gauḍapāda (Sanskrit: गौडपाद; fl.c. 6th century CE), also referred as Gauḍapādācārya (Sanskrit: गौडपादाचार्य; "Gauḍapāda the Teacher"), was an early medieval...

John Henry McDowell FBA (born 7 March 1942) is a South African philosopher, formerly a fellow of University College, Oxford, and now Distinguished University...

Bernard Bolzano (UK: /bɒlˈtsɑːnoʊ/, US: /boʊltˈsɑː-, boʊlˈzɑː-/; German: [bɔlˈtsaːno]; Italian: [bolˈtsaːno]; born Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano;...

Ásta Kristjana Sveinsdóttir (born October 5, 1969), who publishes as Ásta, is an Icelandic philosopher. She was a professor of philosophy at San Francisco...

José Ortega y Gasset (/ɔːrˈteɪɡə/ or-TAY-gə, Spanish: [xoˈse oɾˈteɣa j ɣaˈset]; 9 May 1883 – 18 October 1955) was a Spanish philosopher and essayist. He...

Denis Diderot (/ˈdiːdəroʊ/; French: [dəni did(ə)ʁo]; 5 October 1713 – 31 July 1784) was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer, best known for serving...

Harry Gordon Frankfurt (born David Bernard Stern; May 29, 1929 – July 16, 2023) was an American philosopher. He was a professor emeritus of philosophy...

Charles Sanders Peirce (/pɜːrs/ PURSS; September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American scientist, mathematician, logician, and philosopher who is...

Claude Lévi-Strauss (/klɔːd ˈleɪvi ˈstraʊs/ klawd LAY-vee STROWSS; French: [klod levi stʁos]; 28 November 1908 – 30 October 2009) was a Belgian-born French...

Anselm of Canterbury OSB (/ˈænsɛlm/; 1033/4–1109), also known as Anselm of Aosta (French: Anselme d'Aoste, Italian: Anselmo d'Aosta) after his birthplace...

Hubert Lederer Dreyfus (/ˈdraɪfəs/ DRY-fəs; October 15, 1929 – April 22, 2017) was an American philosopher and a professor of philosophy at the University...

Vasily Seseman (Lithuanian: Vosylius Sezemanas, Russian: Василий Эмильевич Сеземан); 1884–1963) was a Baltic philosopher and professor of Finnish, Russian...

Wilhelm Dilthey (/ˈdɪltaɪ/; German: [ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈdɪltaɪ]; 19 November 1833 – 1 October 1911) was a German historian, psychologist, sociologist, and hermeneutic...

William James Desmond (born January 7, 1951) is an Irish philosopher who has written on ontology, metaphysics, ethics, and religion. Desmond earned his...

Mozi, personal name Mo Di, was a Chinese philosopher, logician, and the founder of the Mohist school of thought, making him one of the most important figures...

Charles Margrave Taylor (born November 5, 1931) is a Canadian philosopher and professor emeritus at McGill University best known for his contributions...

Thales of Miletus (/ˈθeɪliːz/ THAY-leez; Ancient Greek: Θαλῆς; c. 626/623  – c. 548/545 BC) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus...

Hilary Whitehall Putnam (/ˈpʌtnəm/; July 31, 1926 – March 13, 2016) was an American philosopher, mathematician, computer scientist, and figure in analytic...

Edgar Dawn Ross "Ted" Honderich (30 January 1933 – 12 October 2024) was a Canadian-born British philosopher, who was Grote Professor Emeritus of the Philosophy...

with expertise in controlled vocabularies also work as taxonomists and ontologists. Some indexers specialize in particular subject areas, such as anthropology...

Norman Adrian Malcolm (/ˈmælkəm/; 11 June 1911 – 4 August 1990) was an American philosopher. Malcolm was primarily active in the fields of epistemology...

George Santayana (born Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952) was a Spanish American philosopher, essayist...

David Benjamin Kaplan (/ˈkæplən/; born September 17, 1933) is an American philosopher. He is the Hans Reichenbach Professor of Scientific Philosophy at...

Ferdinand Canning Scott Schiller (German: [ˈʃɪlɐ]; 16 August 1864 – 6 August 1937), usually cited as F. C. S. Schiller, was a German-British philosopher...

surrounding words. The result of both approaches need to be evaluated by an ontologist to ensure accuracy. During rule discovery, axioms (formal description...

Peter Murray Simons, FBA (born 23 March 1950[citation needed]) is a British retired philosopher and academic. From 2009 to 2016, he was Professor of Moral...

Company, specializing in advanced prototyping. In 2007, he became a senior ontologist at a computer science consulting firm; in 2009, he started as an independent...

Paul Thiry, Baron d'Holbach (/ˈdoʊlbɑːk/; French: [dɔlbak]; 8 December 1723 – 21 January 1789), known as d'Holbach, was a Franco-German philosopher, encyclopedist...

Robert N. Audi (born November 1941) is an American philosopher whose major work has focused on epistemology, ethics (especially on ethical intuitionism)...

Shaj Mohan is an Indian philosopher. His philosophical works are in the areas of metaphysics, reason, philosophy of technology, philosophy of politics...

Roland Gérard Barthes (/bɑːrt/; French: [ʁɔlɑ̃ baʁt]; 12 November 1915 – 26 March 1980) was a French literary theorist, essayist, philosopher, critic,...

Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (/ˈfreɪɡə/; German: [ˈɡɔtloːp ˈfreːɡə]; 8 November 1848 – 26 July 1925) was a German philosopher, logician, and mathematician...

Afrikan Alexandrovich Spir, also spelled African Spir (1837–1890), was a Ukrainian philosopher of German-Greek descent who wrote primarily in German, but...

Louis Lavelle (/lɑːˈvɛl/; French: [lavɛl]; July 15, 1883 – September 1, 1951) was a French philosopher, considered one of the greatest French metaphysicians...

Francisco Bay Area, as well as his own video/music/art under the moniker ontologist. He designed Macintosh video software for this purpose, called ONTOplayer...

Ralph Barton Perry (July 3, 1876 – January 22, 1957) was an American philosopher. He was a strident moral idealist who stated in 1909 that, to him, idealism...

this topic appeared alongside Saunders Mac Lane's response Is Mathias an ontologist?. Mathias also conducted a detailed study of the strength of a weakened...

Emil Cioran (/ˈtʃɔːrɑːn/; Romanian: [eˈmil tʃoˈran] ; French: [emil sjɔʁɑ̃]; 8 April 1911 – 20 June 1995) was a Romanian philosopher, aphorist and essayist...

Michael Gareth Justin Evans (12 May 1946 – 10 August 1980) was a British philosopher who made substantial contributions to logic, philosophy of language...

John Rogers Searle (/sɜːrl/ ; July 31, 1932 – September 17, 2025) was an American philosopher widely noted for contributions to the philosophy of language...

Gabriel Honoré Marcel (7 December 1889 – 8 October 1973) was a French philosopher, playwright, music critic and leading Christian existentialist. The author...

Jesús Padilla Gálvez (Spanish: [xeˈsus paˈðiʎa ˈɣalβeθ]; born October 28, 1959) is a Spanish philosopher who has worked primarily in philosophy of language...

Gilles Lipovetsky (French: [lipɔvɛtski]; born 24 September 1944) is a French philosopher, writer, and sociologist. Lipovetsky was born in Millau in 1944...

Robert Anton Wilson (born Robert Edward Wilson; January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was an American writer, futurist, psychologist, and self-described...

Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty (/ˌmɜːrloʊ ˈpɒnti/ MUR-loh PON-tee; French: [mɔʁis mɛʁlo pɔ̃ti]; 14 March 1908 – 3 May 1961) was a French phenomenological...

Abū Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (/ælˈkɪndi/; Arabic: أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي; Latin: Alkindus; c. 801–873 AD) was an Arab...

Michael Ashburner FRS MAE (23 May 1942 – 7 July 2023) was an English biologist and Professor in the Department of Genetics at University of Cambridge....

Francis Hutcheson (/ˈhʌtʃɪsən/; 8 August 1694 – 8 August 1746) was an Irish philosopher of Scottish descent widely regarded as one of the key figures of...

potency, or matter and form to formulate their own theories. Important ontologists in this epoch include Avicenna, Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, and William...

and technology. He has been a practicing attorney, been employed as an ontologist, been a university professor, and has lectured worldwide. He was a visiting...

Abraham Calov, Scripta philosophica The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Abraham Calov's Doctrine of Vocatio in Its Systematic...

John Anderson (1 November 1893 – 6 July 1962) was a Scottish philosopher who occupied the post of Challis Professor of Philosophy at Sydney University...

Max Horkheimer (/ˈhɔːrkhaɪmər/ HORK-hy-mər; German: [ˈhɔɐ̯kˌhaɪmɐ]; 14 February 1895 – 7 July 1973) was a German philosopher and sociologist best known...

Oets Kolk Bouwsma (/ˈbaʊzmə/; November 22, 1898 – March 1, 1978) was an American analytic philosopher. O. K. Bouwsma (as he was usually known) was born...

Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher (/ˈʃlaɪərmɑːxər/; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈʃlaɪɐˌmaxɐ]; 21 November 1768 – 12 February 1834) was a German Reformed theologian...

Gnanananda was an Indian guru, referred to by followers as Swami Sri Gnanananda Giri. He was the Disciple of the Sri Sivaratna Giri Swamigal and one of...

Armen Avanessian (*1973 in Vienna) is an Austrian philosopher, literary theorist, and political theorist. He has taught at the Free University of Berlin...

Proclus Lycius (/ˈprɒkləs laɪˈsiːəs/; 8 February 412 – 17 April 485), called Proclus the Successor (Ancient Greek: Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος, Próklos ho Diádokhos)...

Carrie Figdor is an associate professor of philosophy at the University of Iowa. Her research focuses on the philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and ethics...

Frederic Tamler Sommers (January 1, 1923 – October 2, 2014), better known as Fred Sommers, was an American philosopher who, after an initial focus on ontology...

composed entirely of machines or processes. Like other object-oriented ontologists, Bryant opposes the anthropocentrism of the Copernican Revolution proposed...

Richard Schacht (born 1941) is an American philosopher and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign now residing in Santa Fe,...

Ernst Christian Gottlieb Reinhold (German: [ˈʁaɪnhɔlt]; 18 October 1793 – 17 September 1855) was a German philosopher. He was the son of Karl Leonhard...

Henry Nelson Goodman (7 August 1906 – 25 November 1998) was an American philosopher, known for his work on counterfactuals, mereology, the problem of induction...

Tristan Garcia (born 5 April 1981) is a French philosopher and novelist. His first novel, La meilleure part des hommes (2008), won France's Prix de Flore...

Étienne Henri Gilson (French: [ʒilsɔ̃]; 13 June 1884 – 19 September 1978) was a French Catholic philosopher and historian of philosophy. A scholar of medieval...

Australian rules footballer for Footscray Barry Smith (ontologist) (born 1952), ontologist at the State University of New York at Buffalo Barry Smith...

May 1, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2014. ontologist: Archived January 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Ontologist.us. Retrieved on October 18, 2011. Minifest:...

Eugen Fink (German: [fɪŋk]; 11 December 1905 – 25 July 1975) was a German philosopher. Fink was born in 1905 as the son of a government official in Germany...

knowledge In genome annotation for example, the identifiers defined by the ontologists and consortia are used to describe parts of the genome. For example,...

Swami Haridhos Giri (also Haridas Giri), affectionately called Guruji, was born in the month of Margazhi (December-January) in the Tamil calendar with...

France) is a French-Armenian Armenologist, ethnologist, essentialist and ontologist. Varbedian was born in a family with roots from Khoy and Sasun-Bitlis...

Milič Čapek, (26 January 1909 – 17 November 1997) was a Czech–American philosopher. Čapek was strongly influenced by the process philosophy of Henri Bergson...

starting point for the post-1970 revival of mereology among logicians, ontologists, and computer scientists, a revival surveyed in Simons (1987), Casati...

Clarence Irving Lewis (April 12, 1883 – February 3, 1964) was an American academic philosopher. He is considered the progenitor of modern modal logic and...

Antonio Escohotado Espinosa (5 July 1941 – 21 November 2021), commonly called Antonio Escohotado, was a Spanish philosopher, jurist, essayist and university...

Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (German: [ˈkʁaʊzə]; 6 May 1781 – 27 September 1832) was a German philosopher whose doctrines became known as Krausism....

Bruce Hyde may refer to: Bruce Hyde (ontologist) (1941–2015), American actor and educator Bruce Hyde (musician) (born 1986), American musician and athlete...

Punnett FRS, inventor of the Punnett Square Michael Ashburner FRS, gene ontologist and co-founder of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) Ronald Fisher...

Mario Augusto Bunge (/ˈbʊŋɡeɪ/ BUUNG-gay; Spanish: [ˈmaɾjo ˈβuŋxe]; September 21, 1919 – February 24, 2020) was an Argentine-Canadian philosopher and physicist...

Edward Nouri Zalta (/ˈzɔːltə/; born March 16, 1952) is an American philosopher who is a senior research scholar at the Center for the Study of Language...

Ernest Nagel (/ˈneɪɡəl/; German: [ˈnaːɡl̩]; November 16, 1901 – September 20, 1985) was an American philosopher of science. Along with Rudolf Carnap, Hans...

Zofia Józefa Zdybicka (5 August 1928 – 24 April 2026) was a Polish Roman Catholic nun and philosopher specializing in ontology and the philosophy of religion...

Patricia W. Kitcher (born 1948) is an American philosopher who is the Roberta and William Campbell Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University, widely...

theorists W. D. Ross and C. L. Stevenson, and the vagueness epistemologist/ontologist Friedrich Waismann. The etymology of defeasible usually refers to Middle...

Russ Shafer-Landau (born 1963) is an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Shafer-Landau is a graduate...

Klemke, Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1974. The Positivist and the Ontologist: Bergmann, Carnap, and Logical Realism, by Herbert Hochberg, Amsterdam:...

Johann Friedrich Herbart (German: [ˈhɛʁbaʁt]; 4 May 1776 – 14 August 1841) was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of pedagogy as an academic...

Thomas Mormann (born 1951) is Professor of Philosophy at the University of the Basque Country in San Sebastián, Spain. He obtained his PhD in mathematics...

Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (Austrian German: [ˈɛdmʊnd ˈhʊsɐl]; 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938) was an Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician who...

Willard Van Orman Quine (/kwaɪn/ KWYNE; known to his friends as "Van"; June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) was an American logician and philosopher in the...

Georges Canguilhem (/kɑːŋɡɪˈlɛm/; French: [kɑ̃ɡilɛm]; 4 June 1904 – 11 September 1995) was a French philosopher and physician who specialized in epistemology...

Stephen K. White (born 1949), is James Hart Professor of Politics at the University of Virginia. His research focuses on critical social and political...

Charles Bernard Renouvier (French: [ʁənuvje]; 1 January 1815 – 1 September 1903) was a French philosopher. He considered himself a "Swedenborg of history"...

Øystein Linnebo (born 1971) is a Norwegian philosopher. As of 2020 he is currently employed in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Oslo,...

Wilhelm Windelband (/ˈvɪndəlbɑːnt/; German: [ˈvɪndl̩bant]; 11 May 1848 – 22 October 1915) was a German philosopher of the Baden school. Windelband was...

Baader; Martin Boeker (April 2009). "SNOMED reaching its adolescence: Ontologists' and logicians' health check". International Journal of Medical Informatics...

Hajime Tanabe (田辺 元, Tanabe Hajime; February 3, 1885 – April 29, 1962) was a Japanese philosopher of science, particularly of mathematics and physics....

Allan Fletcher Gibbard (born 1942) is an American philosopher who is the Richard B. Brandt Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at...

Sidney Morgenbesser (September 22, 1921 – August 1, 2004) was an American philosopher and professor at Columbia University. He wrote little but is remembered...

Mário Ferreira dos Santos (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈmaɾju feˈʁejɾɐ dus ˈsɐ̃tus]; 1907–1968) was a Brazilian philosopher, writer, translator, and anarchist...

Héctor-Neri Castañeda (Spanish: [kastaˈɲeða]; December 13, 1924 – September 7, 1991) was a Guatemalan-American philosopher and founder of the journal Noûs...

François-Pierre-Gontier de Biran (/bɪˈrɑːn/; 29 November 1766 – 20 July 1824), better known as Maine de Biran (French: [mɛn də biʁɑ̃]), was a French philosopher...

Jonathan Edwards (October 5, 1703 – March 22, 1758) was an American revivalist preacher, philosopher, and Congregationalist theologian. Edwards is widely...

Tyler Burge (/bɜːrdʒ/; born 1946) is an American philosopher who is a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at UCLA. Burge has made contributions to many...

Kendall Lewis Walton (born 1939) is an American philosopher, the Emeritus Charles Stevenson Collegiate Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Art and...

Anthony Weston is an American writer, teacher, and philosopher. He is author of widely used primers in critical thinking and ethical practice and of a...

Formal Ontology Formal ontology Semantic interoperability Barry Smith (ontologist) "ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021". ISO. 14:00-17:00. Retrieved 2022-10-22. Jansen...

Laurie Ann Paul (born 1966) is a professor of philosophy and cognitive science at Yale University. She previously taught at the University of North Carolina...

Leopoldo Zea Aguilar (June 30, 1912 – June 8, 2004) was a Mexican philosopher. Zea was born in Mexico City. One of the integral Latin Americanism thinkers...

Eli Hirsch (born 1938) is an American philosopher and the Charles Goldman Professor of Philosophy at Brandeis University. Hirsch received a B.A. from CUNY...

Arthur Norman Prior (4 December 1914 – 6 October 1969), usually cited as A. N. Prior, was a New Zealand–born logician and philosopher. Prior (1957) founded...

Galen A. Johnson (born 1948) is an American philosopher who is professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of Rhode Island and the General Secretary...

Kazimierz Jerzy Skrzypna-Twardowski (Polish: [tfarˈdɔfskʲi]; 20 October 1866 – 11 February 1938) was a Polish philosopher, psychologist, logician, and...

publishers, 2013 - doi:10.1561/1800000017. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist (w/ Dean Allemang, Fabien Gandon) Morgan Kaufmann (2008) ISBN 1450376142...

Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre (12 January 1929 – 21 May 2025) was a Scottish-American philosopher who contributed to moral and political philosophy as well...

Martin Cohen (born 1964) is a British philosopher, an editor and reviewer who writes on philosophy, philosophy of science and political philosophy. He...

Robert Merrihew Adams FBA (September 8, 1937 – April 16, 2024) was an American analytic philosopher. He specialized in metaphysics, philosophy of religion...

Alexander Schnell is a German philosopher and professor at the University of Wuppertal. Alexander Schnell grew up in West Berlin and in Heidelberg. After...

John Richard Perry (born January 16, 1943) is an American philosopher who is professor emeritus at Stanford University and the University of California...

Alberto Buela Lamas (born 1946) is an Argentine philosopher. Buela is professor at the National Technological University and the University of Barcelona...

Julius Friedrich August Bahnsen (30 March 1830 – 7 December 1881) was a German philosopher. Bahnsen is usually considered the originator of characterology...

Hans Pichler (German: [ˈpɪçlɐ]; 26 February 1882, Leipzig – 10 November 1958, Bonn) was a German philosopher. A student of Windelband and Meinong, he revived...

Graham Harman (born May 9, 1968) is an American philosopher. He is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the Southern California Institute of Architecture...

Karen Michelle Barad (/bəˈrɑːd/; born 29 April 1956) is an American feminist theorist and physicist, known particularly for their theory of agential realism...

Hans-Georg Gadamer (/ˈɡɑːdəmər/; German: [ˈɡaːdamɐ]; 11 February 1900 – 13 March 2002) was a German philosopher of the continental tradition, best known...

Fuad Gasimzade (22 October 1929 – 3 August 2010) was an Azerbaijani philosopher and academician. His main area of research area was Azerbaijani philosophic...

Moritz Geiger (26 June 1880 – 9 September 1937) was a German philosopher and a disciple of Edmund Husserl. He was a member of the Munich phenomenological...

Nachiketas (Sanskrit: नचिकेतस्, romanized: Naciketas), also rendered Nachiketā and Nachiketan, is a character in Hindu literature. He is the son of the...

Luigi Pareysón (4 February 1918 – 8 September 1991) was an Italian philosopher, best known for challenging the positivist and idealist aesthetics of Benedetto...

William Joseph Rapaport is an American philosopher who is an associate professor emeritus of the University at Buffalo. Rapaport has done research and...

February 2024). "DOD, Intelligence Community adopt resource developed by UB ontologists". Buffalo, New York: University at Buffalo. Bittner, Thomas; Donnelly...

Quentin Meillassoux (/meɪ.əˈsuː/; French: [mɛjasu]; born 26 October 1967) is a French philosopher. He teaches at the Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne...

was also the inspiration for Wikidata. In 2013 Vrandečić worked as an ontologist at Google on the Knowledge Graph, the knowledge base used by Google to...

his direct expression. He was also a noted Romanian phenomenologist, ontologist, and philosopher of art; his main work was condensed and published in...

Samuel Alexander OM FBA (6 January 1859 – 13 September 1938) was an Australian-born British philosopher. He was the first Jewish fellow of an Oxbridge...

Ursula Klein (born 1952) is a German historian of science, known for her cross-disciplinary work on the historical emergence of scientific and technological...

or be the bearers of rights independently of their members. Social ontologists also analyze institutions and organizations: relatively stable systems...

integration of OBO Foundry to Wikidata has been to lower the barriers for non-ontologists to contribute to and use ontologies. Wikidata is arguably easier to understand...

Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (/kɒ̃dɪˈjæk/ KON-ih-yak; French: [etjɛn bɔno də kɔ̃dijak]; 30 September 1714 – 2 August or 3 August 1780) was a French philosopher...

Peter Hewitt Hare (March 12, 1935 — January 3, 2008) was an American philosopher and Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus at the University at Buffalo...

much of the same theoretical bases in their arguments. However, the ontologists have responded that many of these critiques are merely attempts to reproduce...

Ioan Biris is a university professor at the West University of Timișoara,Department of Philosophy and Communication Sciences, Romania. He studied philosophy...

Thomas A. McCarthy (born 1940) is an American philosopher who is John Shaffer Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Northwestern University. Before joining...

the OBO Foundry. As a theoretical ontologist, having worked closely with Barry Smith (also a philosopher/ontologist), Arp has contributed to Smith's Basic...

teaching career. From 1944 to 1951 he studied philosophy with the "critical ontologist" and specialist of Kant's philosophy Pantaleo Carabellese (1877–1948)...

Documentality to New Realism", in The Monist, 97:2 April 2014]. According to the ontologist Barry Smith (forthcoming), with documentality, Ferraris advances an innovative...

S. Debono (19th century) was a Maltese scientist, linguist and minor philosopher. In philosophy he mostly specialised in ontology. His exact Christian...

why[citation needed] Ingarden is one of the most renowned phenomenological ontologists, as he strove to describe the ontological structure and state of being...

Ronald Albert McClamrock is an associate professor of philosophy at the University at Albany, The State University of New York. His primary areas of research...

System (2009) UNESCO World Water Scenarios project (2009) Future of Ontologists (2009) Future Hopes and Fears: a Kuwait Perspective (2010-2011) Latin...

Wolfgang Cramer (18 October 1901 – 2 April 1974) was a German philosopher and mathematician. Cramer, the son of a governmental master builder, was born...

Nicolas Malebranche (6 August 1638 – 13 October 1715) was a French Oratorian Catholic priest and rationalist philosopher. In his works, he sought to synthesise...

Nathan U. Salmon (/ˈsæmən/; né Nathan Salmon Ucuzoglu; born January 2, 1951) is an American philosopher in the analytic tradition, specializing in metaphysics...

Hans Albert (German: [ˈalbɛʁt]; 8 February 1921 – 24 October 2023) was a German philosopher. He was professor of social sciences at the University of Mannheim...

Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist, and poet. His preoccupations...

Joseph Kaipayil (born 1959) is an Indian philosopher, who expounds a relationalist theory of reality. He is professor of philosophy at Jeevalaya Institute...

David Mark (October 7, 1947 – September 24, 2022) was a SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Geography at the University at Buffalo, USA....

Jan Christoph Westerhoff is a German philosopher and orientalist with specific interests in metaphysics and the philosophy of language. He is currently...

Edward Fredkin (October 2, 1934 – June 13, 2023) was an American computer scientist, physicist and businessman who was an early pioneer of digital physics...

Óliver Lis or Andres Oliver Ucros & Licht (born 17 October 1984) is a Colombian editor, literary agent, author, psychologist, film producer, screenwriter...

advantages of competing conceptions of social ontology with several ontologists such as John Searle, Doug Porpora and Colin Wight. Moreover, he has debated...

Eugene Rathbone Fairweather (2 November 1920 – 6 April 2002) was a Canadian Anglican theologian. Eugene Fairweather was born in Ottawa, Ontario and grew...

of Ontology from Suarez to Kant The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Russian translations by Leonid I. Ragozin (with English...

(1947–2017), singer-songwriter; born in Bury Barry Smith (born 1952), ontologist, profoessor of philosophy, biomedical informatics, and computer science...

Barbara Skarga (25 October 1919 – 18 September 2009) was a Polish philosophy historian and philosopher who worked mainly in ethics and epistemology. Skarga...

Richard Newell Boyd (May 19, 1942 – February 20, 2021) was an American philosopher, who spent most of his career teaching philosophy at Cornell University...

Peter Albert Railton (born May 23, 1950) is an American philosopher who is Gregory S. Kavka Distinguished University Professor and John Stephenson Perrin...

Renaud Barbaras (born 27 August 1955) is a French contemporary philosopher. An École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud alumnus, he is Chair of Contemporary...

Spain: The Case of Diego de Zuniga, Isis, Vol. 86, No. 1 (Mar., 1995), pp. 52–78 The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770...

Vilagosag, (15), 1970 (pp. 238–243) (in Hungarian). "Georg Lukacs as an Ontologist," Studies in Soviet Thought, (9), 1969 (pp. 334–353). "Georg Lukacs Kao...

José Zalabardo (born 1964) is a Spanish-British philosopher who works on epistemology, metaphysics, and related areas. He is a professor of philosophy...

Pierre Hadot (/ɑːˈdoʊ/; French: [ado]; 21 February 1922 – 24 April 2010) was a French philosopher and historian of philosophy specializing in ancient philosophy...

Alfonso Elkin Cumberbatch FRCS (11 April 1847 – 25 March 1929) was an ear surgeon and president of the Otological Society of the United Kingdom (founded...

Eugénie Ginsberg or Eugénie Ginsberg-Blaustein (1905-1944) was a Polish philosopher and psychologist noted for her works on descriptive psychology and...

Eduard Gottlob Zeller (/ˈzɛlər/; German: [ˈtsɛlɐ]; 22 January 1814 – 19 March 1908) was a German philosopher and Protestant theologian of the Tübingen...

divergent philosophies including speculative realists, object-oriented ontologists, and neo-vitalists who all share in common some version of non-anthropocentric...

to the Lovanienses João Madeira The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Page on Instituto Camões (pt)  This article incorporates...

Leopold Blaustein (February 10 1905-1942/1944) was a Polish-Jewish philosopher, aesthetician, and psychologist. He was among the last generation of Kazimierz...

Lorenz Bruno Puntel (born Lourencinho Bruno Puntel /ˈpʊntəl/; German: [ˈpʊntəl]; Brazilian Portuguese: [pũˈtɛw]; 22 September 1935 – 16 July 2024) was...

Michel Weber (born 1963) is a Belgian philosopher. He is best known as an interpreter and advocate of the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, and has...

Macmillan, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 268–271. The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Entwurf der nothwendigen Vernunftwahrheiten 3rd edition...

Clauberg und der reformierte Aristoteles Archived 2012-03-06 at the Wayback Machine The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770...

and web developers who are assisted with domain specific knowledge by ontologists and bioinformaticians. The primary programming language used on the project...

Sydney Sharpless Shoemaker (September 29, 1931 – September 3, 2022) was an American philosopher. He was the Susan Linn Sage Professor of Philosophy at...

Martin Anton Maurus Marty (Swiss Standard German: [ˈmarti]; 18 October 1847 – 1 October 1914) was a Swiss-born Austrian philosopher. He specialized in...

Friedrich Karl Christian Ludwig Büchner (/ˈbjuːknər/; German: [ˈbyːçnɐ]; 29 March 1824 – 30 April 1899) was a German philosopher, physiologist and physician...

Crossroads of Modernity", Quaestio. Journal for the History of Metaphysics, 14, 2014. The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770...

Map/TMCL or RDF/OWL ontology store. Secondly a set of ontology engineers or ontologists could manually analyze the tags created by the users and by using this...

of Ontology from Suarez to Kant The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Bibliography of Joseph S. Freedman on Philosophy in...

Patrick Colonel Suppes (/ˈsuːpiːz/; March 17, 1922 – November 17, 2014) was an American philosopher who made significant contributions to philosophy of...

Miguel Gerardo Diego Talamantes, better known as Mikky Lafey, (born 29 November 1988 in Piedras Negras) is a Mexican "philosopher", writer, editor, poet...

Moritz Brasch (18 August 1843 in Zempelburg, Prussia, now Sępólno Krajeńskie – 14 September 1895 in Leipzig) was a German philosopher and man of letters...

Nijaz Ibrulj (born 2 July 1956) is a Bosnian philosopher and a professor at the University of Sarajevo's Department of Philosophy and Sociology. He lectures...