Mobulidae

Mobulidae
Temporal range: Early Paleocene to recent Possible Late Cretaceous record[1]
Mobula birostris at Hin Daeng, Thailand
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Division: Batomorphi
Order: Myliobatiformes
Family: Mobulidae
Gill, 1893[2]
Genera
  • Mobula
  • Manta (sometimes considered to be a synonym of Mobula)

The Mobulidae are a family of rays (manta rays and devilfishes) consisting mostly of large species living in the open ocean rather than on the sea bottom.

Taxonomy

The Mobulidae have been variously considered a subfamily of the Myliobatidae by some authors,[3][4] and a distinct family by others, but recent work favors the latter.[5] Two genera have been traditionally recognized, Manta and Mobula, but recent DNA analysis shows that Mobula as traditionally recognized is paraphyletic to manta rays, making Manta a junior synonym of Mobula and Mobula the only extant genus of the family.[6]

Fossil record

Several genera of fossil mobulids are known from teeth, including Archaeomanta, Burnhamia, Eomobula, and Paramobula.[7][page needed][8][9] The earliest records of mobulids are of Archaeomanta from the Early Paleocene.[1] A potentially earlier record may be Cretomanta from the mid-Cretaceous, but this genus may represent a planktivorous shark potentially related to Aquilolamna.[10][11]

References

  1. ^ a b "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Archived from the original on 2025-08-12. Retrieved 2026-02-07.
  2. ^ Theodore Gill (1893). "Families and Subfamilies of Fishes". Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences. 6 (6): 130.
  3. ^ Nelson, Joseph S. (2006). "Subfamily Mobulinae (devil rays)". Fishes of the World (4th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. p. 82. ISBN 9780471756446.
  4. ^ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). "Subfamily Mobulinae (devil rays)". Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. pp. 94–95. doi:10.1002/9781119174844.ch2.
  5. ^ White, W. T.; Last, P. R. (2016). "Devilrays: Family Mobulidae". In Last, Peter R.; White, William T.; de Carvalho, Marceo R.; Séret, Bernard; Stehmann, Matthias F. W.; Naylor, Gavin J. P. (eds.). Rays of the World. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 741–749. ISBN 9781501705328.
  6. ^ White, William T.; Corrigan, Shannon; Yang, Lei; Henderson, Aaron C.; Bazinet, Adam L.; Swofford, David L.; Naylor, Gavin J. P. (2017). "Phylogeny of the manta and devilrays (Chondrichthyes: mobulidae), with an updated taxonomic arrangement for the family". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. zlx018: 50–75. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx018.
  7. ^ Cappetta, H. (1987). Chondrichthyes II Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii. Handbook of Paleoichthyology. Vol. 3B. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
  8. ^ Herman, J.; Hovestadt-Euller, M.; Hovestadt, D. C. (1989). "Additions to the Eocene fish fauna of Belgium. 9. Discovery of Eomobula gen. et. sp. nov. (Mobulidae, Chondrichthyes) from the Ypresian". Tertiary Research. 10 (4). Leiden: 175–178.
  9. ^ Cicimurri, David J.; Knight, James L. (2009). "Late Oligocene Sharks and Rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 54 (4): 627–647. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0077.
  10. ^ Nagrodski, Matthew; Shimada, Kenshu; Schumacher, Bruce A. (2012-10-01). "Marine vertebrates from the Hartland Shale (Upper Cretaceous: Upper Cenomanian) in southeastern Colorado, USA". Cretaceous Research. 37: 76–88. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.007. ISSN 0195-6671.
  11. ^ Vullo, Romain; Frey, Eberhard; Ifrim, Christina; González González, Margarito A.; Stinnesbeck, Eva S.; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang (2021-03-19). "Manta-like planktivorous sharks in Late Cretaceous oceans". Science. 371 (6535): 1253–1256. doi:10.1126/science.abc1490.


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