Malakand Pass

Malakand Pass Tunnel

The Malakand Pass (Pashto: درہ ملاکنډ; Urdu: درۂ ملاکنڈ) is a mountain pass in the Malakand District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa that connects Peshawar with the Chitral District.

The pass road begins at Dargai, which is 150 km the north-west from Islamabad. It then slopes upward towards the tunnel, reaching the areas of Swat and Dir. From the top of the pass, Swat Canal descends through the valley. The Canal was built by the British in the colonial era to channel water from the Swat River through Malakand Pass to the plain areas around Mardan.

The Pass is a wide open road and is well-structured but sometimes it may get extensively trafficked.

At the top end, it is guarded by the Malakand Fort from which it descends through the bazaar of Batkhela, with a Hindu Shahi fort perched above it. After this, it continues to reach the headworks of the Swat Canal to the Swat River. At the bottom end, it meets the plain areas of Mardan and the Charsadda District.

History

See also: Battle of Malakand Pass

The pass came into prominence in 1895 during the Chitral Expedition, when Pashtuns offered stout resistance to Sir Robert Low's advance over the Malakand Pass to the relief of Chitral.[1]

During the frontier risings of 1897, the Swatis and other local tribes launched a determined attack on the Malakand positions. In the initial fighting at Malakand, an estimated 700 tribesmen were killed, while at the adjacent post of Chakdara, enemy losses were estimated at 2,000.[2] These engagements formed the opening of the Malakand Expedition later that year, famously documented by Winston Churchill, who served as a war correspondent during the campaign.[3][citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ Raugh, Harold E. (2004). The Victorians at War, 1815–1914: An Encyclopedia of British Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 48. ISBN 9781576079256.
  2. ^ Wikisource One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Malakand Pass". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 460.
  3. ^ Churchill, Winston S. (1898). The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of Frontier War. Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 91.

34°35′N 71°57′E / 34.583°N 71.950°E / 34.583; 71.950

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