The Korean Astronaut Program (Korean: 한국 우주인 배출 사업) was an initiative by the South Korean government to send the first Korean into space via the Russian space program. A ten-day flight to the International Space Station (ISS) with astronaut Yi So-yeon occurred in 2008.^{[needs update]}

On December 25, 2006, two candidates—one woman and one man—were selected by South Korea during a ceremony held at SBS television center in Dungchon-dong, Seoul. This choice was the result of a comprehensive selection process which started with the screening of 36,000 applications.^[1]

• Ko San (36, male, unmarried, researcher at Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology)^[2]
• Yi So-yeon (34, female, unmarried, researcher at the KAIST)^[3]

The eight other finalists were:

• Park Ji-young (23, female, master's course student at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ^[4]
• Yun Seok-oh (29, male, unmarried, official at Hanyang University) ^[5]
• Lee Jin-young (36, male, married, squadron leader at Republic of Korea Air Force) ^[6]
• Jang Joon-sung (25, male, unmarried, lieutenant at Bucheon Nambu Police Station) ^[7]
• Ryu Jeong-won (33, male, married, chief technology officer at IT Magic Co.) ^[8]
• Lee Han-gyu (33, male, unmarried, researcher at Samsung SDI) ^[9]
• Choi Ah-jeong (24, female, unmarried, master's course student at Seoul National University) ^[10]
• Kim Young-min (33, male, married, researcher at Korea Basic Science Institute) ^[11]

The winning pair was sent to Russia in early 2007 to undergo a 15-month training course at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center near Moscow.^{[12][AI-retrieved source]}

On September 5, 2007, Ko San was named as the prime candidate, whilst Yi So-yeon served as his backup.^[13] However, on March 10, 2008, it was announced that the prime candidate would be changed to Yi So-yeon due to several violations of training protocol by Ko San. Ko San served as backup.^[14]

On April 8, 2008 Yi So-yeon took off from the Baikonur^[15] space center in Kazakhstan at 11:16 GMT aboard Soyuz TMA-12. She spent ten days conducting scientific experiments aboard the International Space Station.^[16]

It cost South Korea approximately 26 billion won (US$28 million) to pay for the training and spaceflight.^[17]

In 2014, Yi So-yeon resigned from the program to pursue an MBA, which was incompatible with continuing as an astronaut.^[18]

• The Korean astronaut program