Kalašma language

Kalašma
Kalasmaic, Kalasmian
Native toKalašma
RegionAnatolia
Era13th century BCE
Hittite cuneiform
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)

The Kalašma language, or Kalasmaic, is an extinct Anatolian language spoken in the late Bronze Age polity of Kalašma, which lay on the northwest fringe of the Hittite Empire, likely in or around what is now the Turkish province of Bolu.[1]

Discovery

The first (and thus far only) Kalasmaic text was discovered in 2023, by researchers at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg. It is written on a clay tablet indexed KBo 71.145.[2] The tablet, written in Hittite cuneiform of the 13th century BCE,[2] is one of several Hittite texts recording rituals of the empire's subjects and neighbouring peoples.[1] Its Hittite-language introduction describes its main text as in "the language of Kalašma" (URUka-la-aš-mi-li).[2]

The language was deciphered by Prof. Daniel Schwemer in the 71st volume of the edition Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi ("Cuneiform Texts from Boğazköy").[3] A detailed analysis of the text was published in November 2024 by Elisabeth Rieken, Ilya Yakubovich and Daniel Schwemer.[4]

Classification

Kalašma is part of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, as confirmed by Prof. Elisabeth Rieken at Philipps-Universität Marburg. Its place within the Anatolian languages is uncertain, but it has been hypothesized to be part of the Luwic subgroup.[5][6][7]

References

  1. ^ a b "New Indo-European Language Discovered". www.uni-wuerzburg.de. Retrieved 2024-11-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  2. ^ a b c Schwemer 2024 p. XIX
  3. ^ "Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi". www.hethport.uni-wuerzburg.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-11-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  4. ^ Rieken, Elisabeth; Yakubovich, Ilya; Schwemer, Daniel (2024). "Eine neue Sprache im Hethiterreich: Der Fund der Kalašma-Tafel". Archäologischer Anzeiger. 1/2024: 11–35.
  5. ^ Chrysopoulos, Philip (2023-09-23). "New Indo-European Language Discovered in Ancient City of Hattusa". Greek Reporter. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  6. ^ "The Language of Kalašma: A New Branch of Anatolian". www.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  7. ^ Schwemer, Daniel (2024). Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi (PDF) (in German). Vol. 71. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur. pp. XIX, XXXI [text], 42-43 [images]. Retrieved 6 February 2024.

Further reading

  • Rieken, Elisabeth; Yakubovich, Ilya (2025). "Appendix 1. A Note on the Language of Kalašma". Contacts of Languages and Peoples in the Hittite and Post-Hittite World. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 387–388. doi:10.1163/9789004729704_019.
  • Thesaurus Linguarum Hethaeorum digitalis Search for "KBo 71.145" for transliteration of tablet (and gloss of Hittite introduction)
Stub icon

This Indo-European languages-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

Content Disclaimer

Informasi ini disarikan dari Wikipedia dan disajikan kembali untuk tujuan edukasi. Konten tersedia di bawah lisensi CC BY-SA 3.0. Kami tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakakuratan data yang bersumber dari kontribusi publik tersebut.

  1. The information displayed on this website is sourced in part or in whole from Wikipedia and has been adapted for the purpose of restating it. We strive to provide accurate and relevant information, however:
  2. There is no guarantee of absolute accuracy. Wikipedia is an open, collaborative project that can be edited by anyone, so information is subject to change.
  3. It is not intended to constitute professional advice. The content displayed is for informational and educational purposes only. For important decisions (e.g., medical, legal, or financial), please consult a professional.
  4. Content copyright. Wikipedia is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA). This means that content may be reused with appropriate attribution and shared under a similar license.
  5. Responsible use. Any risk arising from the use of information from this website is entirely the responsibility of the user.