IC 239

IC 239
IC 239 imaged by the 32-inch Schulman Telescope of Mount Lemmon Observatory
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationAndromeda
Right ascension02h 36m 27.8s[1]
Declination+38° 58′ 09″[1]
Redshift0.002979 ± 0.000003 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity893 ± 1 km/s[1]
Distance36.8 ± 5.1 Mly (11.3 ± 1.6 Mpc)[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.0[2]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(rs)cd [1]
Apparent size (V)4.6′ × 4.2′[1]
Other designations
UGC 2080, CGCG 523-071, MCG +06-06-065, IRAS 02333+3845, PGC 9899

IC 239 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. The galaxy lies about 35 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that IC 239 is approximately 50,000 light years across.[1] It was discovered by Isaac Roberts in 1893.[3]

Characteristics

The galaxy is seen nearly face on. The bulge of the galaxy is small and embedded in a thick bar. From its end of the bar emerge two low surface brightness arms that can be traced for half a revolution before fading, with a grand design pattern.[4] The galaxy also has a faint outer third arm. The galaxy has a hydrogen I disk which extends for about twice the optical radius of the galaxy and appears warped. However the galaxy doesn't appear to be interacting with other galaxies.[5]

Nearby galaxies

IC 239 is located in the vicinity of the NGC 1023 Group. Garcia considered the galaxy to be a member of the group, also known as LGG 70, along with NGC 1023 and NGC 1003.[6] The angular separation of NGC 1023 and IC 239 is 47 arcminutes, while DDO 22 is located 45 arcminutes to the west.[5]

However the galaxy, although appearing centrally in the group in the sky, has a radial velocity higher than that of the other members of the group, indicating it is lying in the background.[7] Makarov and Karachentsev consider the galaxy a member of the IC 239 group, along with NGC 1023C, and is located in the same galaxy cloud with NGC 1023 and its group.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for IC 239. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
  2. ^ "Revised NGC Data for IC 239". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  3. ^ Seligman, Courtney. "IC 239 (= PGC 9899)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  4. ^ Eskridge, Paul B.; Frogel, Jay A.; Pogge, Richard W.; Quillen, Alice C.; Berlind, Andreas A.; Davies, Roger L.; DePoy, D. L.; Gilbert, Karoline M.; Houdashelt, Mark L.; Kuchinski, Leslie E.; Ramirez, Solange V.; Sellgren, K.; Stutz, Amelia; Terndrup, Donald M.; Tiede, Glenn P. (November 2002). "Near-Infrared and Optical Morphology of Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 143 (1): 73–111. arXiv:astro-ph/0206320. Bibcode:2002ApJS..143...73E. doi:10.1086/342340.
  5. ^ a b Allsopp, N. J. (1 July 1979). "Neutral hydrogen in NGC 1023 and IC 239". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 187 (3): 537–551. Bibcode:1979MNRAS.187..537A. doi:10.1093/mnras/187.3.537.
  6. ^ Garcia, A. M. (1 July 1993). "General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G. ISSN 0365-0138.
  7. ^ Tully, R. B. (April 1980). "Nearby groups of galaxies. I - The NGC 1023 group". The Astrophysical Journal. 237: 390. Bibcode:1980ApJ...237..390T. doi:10.1086/157881.
  8. ^ Makarov, Dmitry; Karachentsev, Igor (21 April 2011). "Galaxy groups and clouds in the local (z~ 0.01) Universe". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 412 (4): 2498–2520. arXiv:1011.6277. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.412.2498M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x. S2CID 119194025.
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