Hypericum patulum

Hypericum patulum
Botanical illustration of H. patulum (B) alongside H. perforatum (A) in Indian Medicinal Plants
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Spermatophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: H. sect. Ascyreia
Species:
H. patulum
Binomial name
Hypericum patulum
Thunb. 1784
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Eremanthe patula (Thunb.) K.Koch
  • Hypericum argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot
  • H. oblongigolium Wall.
  • H. pseudopatulum Auct.
  • Komana patula (Thunb.) Y.Kimura
  • Norysca patula (Thunb.) Voigt

Hypericum patulum, known as goldencup St. John's wort or yellow mosqueta, is a species of flowering plant in Hypericum sect. Ascyreia.

Taxonomy

Hypericum patulum was originally described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1784. It was first published in Systema Vegetabilium later that year by Johan Andreas Murray.[3]

The species has a sporophytic and gametopythic chromosome count of 18 each.[4][5]

Subordinate taxa

Hypericum patulum has 5 accepted variants as subordinate taxa:[6]

  • H. patulum var. attenuatum Choisy 1824
  • H. patulum var. forrestii Chitt. 1923
  • H. patulum var. henryi Bean 1905
  • H. patulum var. hookerianum (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze 1891
  • H. patulum var. uralum (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Koehne 1893

Cultivars

Hypericum patulum is cultivated as a garden plant under the name Hypericum 'Hidcote' or Hypericum x hidcoteense 'Hidcote'. It is grown for its large, bright flowers and its attractiveness to pollinators such as bees and small birds.[7]

Distribution and habitat

The species is native only to the Guizhou and Sichuan provinces of China, but it has been naturalized in Japan, Taiwan, and India, as well as in Australia and South Africa. The species is also widely cultivated for garden use in temperate regions.[8][2]

The species is found at elevations of 1,200–3,600 meters (3,900–11,800 ft)[9] in dry and open habitats, especially in thickets, on scrubby slopes, and on cliffs.[10]

Description

Plants of the species are shrubs that grow from 0.3–1.5 meters (1.0–4.9 ft) tall. They grow in a bushy fashion, with spreading branches that are sometimes weakly frondose. The stems are 4-lined or 4-angled when the plant is young but later become 2-lined, and sometimes become terete. The leaves are thick and paper-like and are rather glaucous, with short laminar glands, streaks, and dots. Its inflorescence is 1–15-flowered that blossom from 1 or 2 nodes. The flowers are flat-topped, and sometimes have a short terminal internode and branches that come from the middle of the stem. The petals are a golden yellow color, without any tinge of red. The stamen fascicles, each with 50–70 stamens, grow to be up to 7–12 mm, and are about half as long as the petals. The seeds are dark brown and grow from 1–1.2 millimeters long.[11]

  • Habit
    Habit
  • Flower
    Flower
  • Hypericum 'Hidcote' cultivar
    Hypericum 'Hidcote' cultivar
  • In fruit
    In fruit
  • Whole in fruit
    Whole in fruit

References

  1. ^ "Hypericum patulum Thunb". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  2. ^ a b "Hypericum patulum Thunb". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  3. ^ "IPNI Plant Name Details". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  4. ^ Williams, Margot; Dudley, T. R. (1984). "Chromosome Count for Hippeastrum iguazuanum". Taxon. 33 (2): 271. Bibcode:1984Taxon..33..271W. doi:10.2307/1221167. ISSN 0040-0262. JSTOR 1221167.
  5. ^ Sanger, Ruth (1965). "Genes on the X Chromosome". Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. 7 (2): 179–188. doi:10.1139/g65-027. ISSN 0008-4093. PMID 14324862.
  6. ^ "Hypericum patulum Thunb". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  7. ^ "Hypericum x hicoteense". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  8. ^ "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.3.6". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  9. ^ "Hypericum patulum | Goldencup St. John's Wort". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  10. ^ "Hypericum patulum Thunb. Nomenclature". hypericum.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  11. ^ "Hypericum patulum in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2018-11-16.

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