Hosea Jacobi

Rabbi
Hosea Jacobi
Personal life
BornHosea Hermann Jacoby
1841
Jacobshagen, Kingdom of Prussia, (now Poland)
Died21 May 1924 (aged 84)
Zagreb, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, (now Croatia)
BuriedMirogoj Cemetery
Nationality Croatia
SpouseHulda Pander Jacobi
ChildrenIvan Johan Jacobi
Luise Lea Zaloscer
Klara Barmaper
Recha Barmaper
Martha Spitzer
Selma Strasser
Ivana Johana Jacobi
Parent(s)Mayer and Sara-Miriam (née Goldberg) Jacobi
Religious life
ReligionJudaism
DenominationOrthodox Judaism
PositionRabbi
SynagogueZagreb Synagogue
PositionFounder and teacher
YeshivaJewish elementary school Talmud Torah in Zagreb
ResidenceZagreb
Historic Visit of Emperor Franz Joseph to the Zagreb, Croatia, Synagogue with Rabbi Dr. Hosea Jacobi Chief Rabbi of Yugoslavia (1908) seen behind the emperor on the right

Rabbi Dr. Hosea Jacobi (born Hosea Hermann Jacoby; 1841–1925) was Chief Rabbi of Zagreb, Croatia for 58 years and the de-facto spiritual and religious leader of the Jewish community in Yugoslavia.[1][2][3]

Biography

Jacobi was born in Jacobshagen, Kingdom of Prussia (now Poland), the son of the merchant Mayer Jacobi and his wife Sara-Miriam (née Goldberg). His father died when he was ten years old, and his maternal grandfather Rabbi Jacob Moses Goldberg and uncle Rabbi Nachman Abraham Goldberg were his religious instructors.

He attended the Kölnische Gymnasium school in Berlin. A member of the Modern Orthodox Jewish congregation in Berlin, Jacobi was a student of Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer and Rabbi Elchanan Rosenstein who ordained him. He studied Semitic languages, Hebrew and Theology, in the universities of Berlin and Halle, Saxony-Anhalt (Ph.D. 1865, his dissertation being "De loco feminarum apud Iudaeos antiuissimos maxime matrimonii contrahendi ratione habita" – "The Role of Women in Judaism"). Jacobi married Hulda Pander and had seven children.

In 1867 he became Chief Rabbi of Zagreb, Croatia. Jacobi established and headed, in Zagreb, the Jewish elementary school (Talmud Torah), taught Jewish Studies in high-schools, taught Hebrew and Judaism and established Jewish-Women organizations. He was also active in social welfare projects for the Jewish and General Population in Yugoslavia, for which he was highly respected by the general population and the leaders of other religious denominations. In 1885 Jacobi delivered the first Synagogue-Sermon in the Croat language thus encouraging the integration of Jews into the general population; he also wrote the first ever Jewish-Studies text-books in Croatian. Rabbi Jacobi was president of the Union of Rabbis in Croatia, honorary president of the Union of Rabbis of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and president of the branch of Alliance Israélite Universelle in Zagreb.

As a token of appreciation for Rabbi Jacobi’s work, Emperor Franz Joseph visited the synagogue in Zagreb in 1908, accompanied by the rabbi. That was the first and only such historic visit to the Zagreb synagogue.[4]

Jacobi's children: his son Dr. Ivan (Hans, Johanan), his daughters Luise Zaloscer and Klara (Loja) Barmaper and his son-in-law Dr. Hugo Spitzer were among the prominent leaders of the Jewish community and Zionist Movement in Croatia.

Jacobi died in Zagreb and was buried at the Mirogoj Cemetery.[5][6]

Writings

  • Ueber die Stellung des Weibes im Judenthum. Vienna, 1865.
  • Worauf haben wir bei der Erziehung unserer Kinder zu achten? (Predigt). Zagreb, 1872.
  • Was ist der Talmud? und was hat er für Israel gethan? Zagreb, 1880.
  • Dereh Hakodeš, Put Svjetlosti (Derech Hakodesch). Zagreb, 1900.
  • Biblijska Povjesnica za izraelsku mladež pučkih i nižih srednjih škola. Zagreb, 1923.

References

  1. ^ Snješka Knežević (2011, p. 173)
  2. ^ Kraus (1998, p. 173)
  3. ^ (in Croatian) Ha-Kol (Glasilo Židovske zajednice u Hrvatskoj); Aleksander Laslo, Nataša Maksimović Subašić; Graditelji novog Zagreba; stranica 21; broj 108, siječanj / veljača 2009.
  4. ^ "Viribus Vnitis. Das Buch vom Kaiser, digi.landesbibliothek.at". The digital State Library of Upper Austria. 1908. Archived from the original on 2020-01-01. Retrieved May 16, 2026.
  5. ^ Nikolić, Daniel (2011-02-13). "Zagreb - Mirogoj Cemetery - Hosea Jacobi". Panoramio. Retrieved 2012-05-18.
  6. ^ (in Croatian) Gradska groblja Zagreb: Hosca Jacobi, Mirogoj Ž-2-I-16

Bibliography

  • Snješka Knežević, Aleksander Laslo (2011). Židovski Zagreb. Zagreb: AGM, Židovska općina Zagreb. ISBN 978-953-174-393-8.
  • Kraus, Ognjen (1998). Dva stoljeća povijesti i kulture Židova u Zagrebu i Hrvatskoj. Zagreb: Židovska općina Zagreb. ISBN 953-96836-2-9.
  • Freidenreich, H. P. (1998). The Jews of Yugoslavia. Philadelphia: JPSA. ISBN 978-0827601222.
  • Goldstein, Ivo (2005). Židovi u Zagrebu 1918 - 1941. Zagreb: Novi Liber. ISBN 953-6045-23-0.

See also

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