Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

 

Gatwick Airport

"Gatwick" redirects here. For the neighbourhood in Surrey, see Gatwick, Surrey.

London Gatwick Airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorGatwick Airport Limited
ServesGreater London Urban Area
LocationCrawley, West Sussex, England
Opened30 May 1958; 66 years ago (1958-05-30)
Hub forBritish Airways
Operating base for
BuiltNovember 1928; 96 years ago (1928-11)
Elevation AMSL203 ft / 62 m
Coordinates51°08′53″N 0°11′25″W / 51.14806°N 0.19028°W / 51.14806; -0.19028
Websitewww.gatwickairport.com
Map
LGW/EGKK is located in West Sussex
LGW/EGKK
LGW/EGKK
Location in West Sussex
LGW/EGKK is located in England
LGW/EGKK
LGW/EGKK
Location in England
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
08L/26R[nb 1] 2,565 8,415 Grooved asphalt
08R/26L 3,316 10,879 Grooved asphalt
Statistics (2023)
Total passengers40,894,242
Air transport movements253,047
Gates115 (in terminal)
Sources: UK AIP at NATS.[1][2] Statistics from CAA.

London Gatwick (/ˈɡætwɪk/),[3] also known as Gatwick Airport[2] (IATA: LGW, ICAO: EGKK), is the secondary international airport serving London, England. It is located near Crawley, West Sussex, England 29.5 miles (47.5 km) south of Central London.[2][4] In 2022, Gatwick was the second-busiest airport by total passenger traffic in the UK, after Heathrow Airport, and was the 8th-busiest in Europe by total passenger traffic.[5] It covers a total area of 674 hectares (1,670 acres).[6]

Gatwick opened as an aerodrome in the late 1920s; it has been in use for commercial flights since 1933. The airport has two terminals, the North Terminal and the South Terminal, which cover areas of 98,000 m2 (1,050,000 sq ft; 117,000 sq yd) and 160,000 m2 (1,700,000 sq ft; 190,000 sq yd) respectively.[7] It operates as a single-runway airport, using a main runway with a length of 3,316 metres (10,879 ft). A secondary runway is available but, due to its proximity to the main runway, can only be used if the main runway is not in use. In 2018, 46.1 million passengers passed through the airport, a 1.1% increase compared with 2017.[8]

Gatwick is the secondary London hub for British Airways and the largest operating base for low-cost carrier easyJet.

History

For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Gatwick Airport.

Early years

A Douglas DC-6 in front of the then-new terminal at Gatwick Airport in 1964
A BAC 1-11 with the main terminal building at Gatwick Airport in 1973

The land on which Gatwick Airport stands was first developed as an aerodrome in the late 1920s. The Air Ministry approved commercial flights from the site in 1933, and the first terminal, "The Beehive", was built in 1935. Scheduled air services from the new terminal began the following year. During the Second World War, the airport was taken over by the military and was known as RAF Gatwick. After the war, the airport returned to its civilian capacity. Major development work at the airport took place during the 1950s. The airport buildings were designed by Yorke Rosenberg Mardall between 1955 and 1988.[9]

In the 1960s, British United Airways (BUA) and Dan-Air were two of the largest British independent[nb 2] airlines at Gatwick, with the former establishing itself as the dominant scheduled operator at the airport as well as providing a significant number of the airport's non-scheduled services and the latter becoming its leading provider of inclusive tour charter services.[10] Further rapid growth of charter flights at Gatwick was encouraged by the Ministry of Aviation, which instructed airlines to move regular charter flights from Heathrow. Following the takeover of BUA by Caledonian Airways at the beginning of the following decade, the resulting airline, British Caledonian (BCal), became Gatwick's dominant scheduled airline during the 1970s. While continuing to dominate scheduled operations at Gatwick for most of the 1980s, BCal was also one of the airport's major charter airlines until the end of the 1970s (together with Dan-Air, Laker Airways and British Airtours).[11]

As a result of conditions imposed by Britain's Monopolies and Mergers Commission on the takeover of BCal by the then newly privatised British Airways (BA) at the end of the 1980s, Dan-Air and Air Europe assumed BCal's former role as Gatwick's dominant scheduled short-haul operator while BA continued in BCal's erstwhile role as the airport's most important scheduled long-haul operator. Following the demise of Air Europe and Dan-Air (both of which had continued to provide a significant number of charter flights in addition to a growing number of scheduled short-haul flights at Gatwick) in the early 1990s, BA (which it had purchased Dan-Air) began building up Gatwick into a secondary hub (complementing its main hub at Heathrow). These moves resulted in BA becoming Gatwick's dominant airline by the turn of the millennium.[12][13] BA's subsequent decision to de-hub Gatwick provided the space for EasyJet to establish its biggest base at the airport and become its dominant airline.[14]

Transatlantic flights to the United States

From 1978 to 2008, many flights to and from the United States used Gatwick because of restrictions on the use of Heathrow implemented in the Bermuda II Agreement between the UK and the US.[15] The EU–US Open Skies Agreement, which became effective on 30 March 2008, led several airlines to downsize their transatlantic operations at Gatwick in favour of Heathrow. Continental Airlines was the second transatlantic carrier (after American Airlines)[16] to leave Gatwick after it decided to transfer the seasonal Cleveland service to Heathrow on 3 May 2009.[17][18]

US Airways, Gatwick's last remaining US carrier, ended its service between Gatwick and Charlotte on 30 March 2013.[19] This left Gatwick without a scheduled US airline for the first time in 35 years.[20] Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Delta Air Lines announced its intent to launch service between Gatwick and Boston in the summer of 2020, which would have made it the first US airline to service Gatwick since the withdrawal of the US Airways service in 2013, but the massive global travel downturn placed these plans on indefinite hold.[21] In 2021, JetBlue became the first US airline to serve Gatwick since 2013, with services to New York–JFK and Boston.[citation needed]

Development since the 2000s

On 17 September 2008, BAA announced it would sell Gatwick after the Competition Commission published a report about BAA's market dominance in London and the South East. On 21 October 2009, it was announced that an agreement had been reached to sell Gatwick to a consortium led by Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP), which subsequently also bought Edinburgh Airport in 2012,[nb 3] for £1.51 billion. The sale was completed on 3 December.[22] In February 2010, GIP sold minority stakes in the airport of 12% and 15% to the South Korean National Pension Service and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) for £100 million and £125 million, respectively. The sales were part of GIP's strategy to syndicate the equity portion of the original acquisition by issuing bonds to refinance bank debt. Although this entails bringing additional investors into the airport, GIP aims to retain management control.[23][24]

The Californian state pension fund CalPERS acquired a 12.7% stake in Gatwick Airport for about $155 million (£104.8 million) in June 2010.[25] On 21 December 2010, the A$69 billion (£44 billion) Future Fund, a sovereign wealth fund established by the Australian government in 2006, agreed to purchase a 17.2% stake in Gatwick Airport from GIP for £145 million. This transaction completed GIP's syndication process for the airport, reducing its stake to 42% (although the firm's extra voting rights meant it still controlled the airport's board).[26]

In August 2020, the airport announced plans to cut over a quarter of its employees as a result of a planned company restructuring caused by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The planned cuts will bring the total workforce of the airport to 1,900; before the start of the pandemic it was 3,300, however, an additional 785 jobs were cut earlier in 2020.[27]

Ownership

BAA Limited (now Heathrow Airport Holdings) and its predecessors, BAA plc and the British Airports Authority, owned and operated Gatwick from 1 April 1966 to 2 December 2009.[28][29]

The airport is owned and operated by Gatwick Airport Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ivy Holdco Limited,[30] owned by Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP), among others.[31] In December 2018, Vinci announced that it would acquire a 50.01% majority stake for £2.9bn, with a GIP-managed consortium of investors (Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, Australia's sovereign wealth fund and two public pension funds in California and South Korea) owning the remaining 49.9%.[32][33] The sale was completed by the middle of 2019.[34]

In August 2021, it was reported that Gatwick's operators were in talks with lenders following posting first-half-year net losses of £ 245m.[35]

In September 2023, Margaret Ford, Baroness Ford was announced as the new Chair of Gatwick Airport.[36]

Operations

Facilities

Airport map (as of November 2016)
Tall, white control tower
The airport control tower opened in 1984.
The bridge connecting the North Terminal to its apron pier
Interior of the North Terminal apron pier bridge

On 31 May 2008, Virgin Holidays opened the V Room, Gatwick's first lounge dedicated to their long-haul leisure travellers. On 25 January 2017, the lounge moved to the North Terminal together with the Virgin Atlantic Clubhouse as part of the airline moves that saw British Airways and Virgin Atlantic exchange their previous terminal locations and EasyJet consolidated in the North Terminal.[37][38] On 9 April 2009, an independent pay-for-access lounge opened in the South Terminal. Gatwick also has a conference and business centre, and several on- and off-site hotels ranging in class from executive to economy.

The airport has Anglican, Catholic and Free Church chaplains, and there are multi-faith prayer and counselling rooms in each terminal. A daily service is led by one of the chaplains.[39]

The Civil Aviation Authority Safety Regulation Group is in Aviation House.[40] WesternGeco, a geophysical services company, has its head office and Europe–Africa–Russia offices in Schlumberger House,[41][42] a 124,000 sq ft (11,500 m2) building on the airport grounds[43] near the South Terminal. The company had a 15-year lease on the building, scheduled to expire in June 2008. In 2007, WesternGeco reached an agreement with its landlord, BAA Lynton, extending its lease to 2016 at an initial rent of £2.1 million.[43] Fastjet has its registered and head offices at Suite 2C in First Point at the airport.[44]

Before the sale, BAA planned an £874 million investment at Gatwick over five years, including increased capacity for both terminals, improvements to the transport interchange and a new baggage system for the South Terminal.[45] Passengers passing through the airport are informed about the redevelopment programme with large mobile barcodes on top of construction hoardings. Scanning these transfers information on the construction to the user's smartphone.[46]

In the summer of 2013, Gatwick introduced Gatwick Connect, a free flight connection service to assist passengers changing flights at Gatwick whose airlines do not provide a full flight connection service. On 15 September 2015, the service was rebranded as GatwickConnects.[47][48][49] It is available to passengers connecting on several major airlines.[50][51][52]

Flight movements

Gatwick operates as a single-runway airport although it has two runways; the northern runway (08L/26R) can only be used when the main runway (08R/26L) is out of use. The UK Integrated Aeronautical Information Package gives the Takeoff Run Available (TORA) of its main runway (08R/26L) as 3,255 m when aircraft take off in a westerly direction (26) and 3,159 m when takeoffs occur in an easterly direction (08). The documentation lists the respective TORA for the northern runway (08L/26R) as 2,565 m in both directions. Nearly three-quarters of takeoffs are towards the west (74% over 12 months). Both runways are 148 ft (45 m) wide; they are 656 ft (200 m) apart,[53] which is insufficient for the simultaneous use of both runways. During normal operations the northern runway is used as a taxiway,[54][55] consistent with its original construction (although it was gradually widened).[56]

In October 2018, the airport announced that it was "exploring how to make best use of its existing runways, including the possibility of bringing its existing standby runway into routine use".[57] One scenario would see 08L/26R used for departing narrow-body aircraft only, while the longer 08R/26L would be used for wide-body take-offs and all landings; widening 08L/26R would also increase the centreline separation slightly. New technology could also be used to increase capacity on the main runway, and, in the longer term, the airport remains interested in constructing a new runway to the south.[58]

In 2023, plans were announced to expand the second runway and make it operational for regular use.[59]

The main runway uses a Category III Instrument Landing System (ILS). The northern runway does not have an ILS; when it is in use, arriving aircraft are radar vectored to intercept an RNAV (GNSS) approach, providing the aircraft is equipped and the operator has approval. This approach is satellite-based and is also available for the main runway. When an RNAV approach is not possible, assistance from the approach controller using surveillance radar, an "SRA approach" is available. This involves heading instructions and altitude callouts supplied by the Air Traffic Controller.[60] On both runways, a continuous descent approach is used to minimise the environmental effects of incoming aircraft, particularly at night.[61]

Night flights are subject to restrictions;[62] between 11 pm and 7 am, noisier aircraft (rated QC/8 and QC/16) may not operate. From 11.30 pm to 6 am (the night quota period) there are three limits: Number of flights, a Quota Count system, limiting total noise permitted[63] and no night QC/4 flights.

Air traffic control services are outsourced. In 2014 a proposed contract award for air traffic control services was suspended due to errors in the airport operator's procurement process, which was governed at the time by the European Union's rules on procurement in the energy, telecommunications, transport and water sectors. Consideration of the legal case brought by NATS UK discussed whether the court's approach to resolving such cases should consider the American Cyanamid principles reflected in UK national procurement law or a different "balance of interests" test, as proposed by NATS, which was less likely to allow a proposed contract award where damages paid to a successful challenger might be an adequate legal remedy. Use of the "balance of interests" test was ruled out by Mr Justice Ramsey.[64]

Security

The airport is policed by the Gatwick District of Sussex Police. The district is responsible for the entire airport (including aircraft) and, in certain circumstances, aircraft in flight. The 150 officers attached to this district include armed and unarmed officers, and community support officers for minor offences. The airport district counters man-portable surface-to-air missiles (MANPADS) by patrolling in and around the airport and a separate sub-unit has vehicle checks around the airport.[65]

Access to airside portions of the airport is controlled and maintained by the airport's team of security officers, regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority.[66] Brook House, an immigration removal centre of Immigration Enforcement, was opened near the airport on 18 March 2009 by the then Home Secretary Jacqui Smith.[67]

Major airlines

The airport is a base for scheduled airlines British Airways (BA), EasyJet, Wizz Air, and charter operators such as TUI Airways. Gatwick is unique among London's airports in its representation of the three main airline business models: full service, low-cost and charter.[68] As of October 2016, these respectively accounted for 26.6%,[nb 4] 61.3%[nb 4] and 13.1%[nb 5] of Gatwick's seat capacity.[69]

By late 2015, EasyJet flew over 100 routes from Gatwick with a fleet of more than 60 aircraft.[70][71] The airport is the carrier's largest base and its 16 million passengers per year accounted for 45% of Gatwick's 2013 total[72] (ahead of Gatwick's second-largest passenger airline: BA, whose 4.5 million passengers comprised 14% of total passenger traffic in 2011–12).[nb 6][73][74]

EasyJet, BA and Norwegian Air Shuttle were Gatwick's three biggest resident airlines, although in late 2020 Norwegian announced the closure of its base at Gatwick. According to data from Airport Coordination Limited, these three airlines respectively accounted for 43.3%, 19% and 10.5% of airport slots in April 2018. According to this data, by April 2018 Norwegian had overtaken Virgin Atlantic as Gatwick's number one transatlantic airline by seat capacity, and BA's competitive response to Norwegian's growing commercial threat to its transatlantic business would result in Virgin's relegation to third position among the airport's transatlantic airlines during the 2018 summer timetable period.[75] EasyJet, BA and Norwegian collectively accounted for 65.43% of Gatwick's total passengers in 2016 (EasyJet: 40.37% / 17.4 million; BA: 14.39% / 6.2 million; Norwegian: 10.67% / 4.6 million).[76][77][78] As per Official Airline Guide (OAG) data for the week of 29 May 2017, their respective international departure seat capacity shares at the airport for summer 2017 are 42.1%, 15.4% and 9.4%.[79]

In terms of passengers carried EasyJet and BA were also among the five largest airlines operating at Gatwick in 2010 (which also included TUI Airways and Thomas Cook Airlines at the time) and the top 10 in 2015.[80][48] In terms of total scheduled airline seats at Gatwick in 2014, EasyJet accounted for 18.36 million, more than two-and-a-half times as many as second-placed BA (7 million) and nearly five times the number offered by third-placed Norwegian Air Shuttle (3.74 million).[81] Using data sourced from the OAG Schedules Analyser, the following changes in the respective departure seat capacity shares of Gatwick's three biggest airlines occurred from 2010 to 2015: EasyJet's share increased from 26.1% in 2010 to 42.1% in 2015; BA's share dropped from 18.3% in 2010 to 15% in 2015; Norwegian's share rose almost three-fold from less than 3% in 2010 to 8.3% in 2015. EasyJet, BA, Norwegian, TUI Airways, Ryanair, Thomas Cook Airlines, Monarch Airlines, Virgin Atlantic, Vueling and Emirates were Gatwick's top 10 airlines by share of passengers in 2017.[82]

EasyJet's acquisition of BA franchise carrier GB Airways in March 2008 increased its share of airport slots to 24% (from 17% in late 2007); the airline became the largest short-haul operator at the airport, accounting for 29% of short-haul passengers.[83] By 2009, BA's share of Gatwick slots had fallen to 20% from its peak of 40% in 2001.[84] By 2010, this had declined to 16%.[85][86] By mid-2012, EasyJet had 45% of Gatwick's early-morning peak time slots (6 a.m. to 8:55 a.m.).[nb 7][87]

By 2008, Flybe was Gatwick's third-largest airline (accounting for 9% of its slots) and its fastest-growing airline.[84][88] It became the airport's largest domestic operator, carrying 1.2 million passengers in its 2011–12 financial year on eight routes to destinations in the UK, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man.[nb 6][89] In March 2013, the airline announced that it would end operations at Gatwick, citing unsustainably high airport charges and increases in UK Air Passenger Duty. Flybe sold its 25 pairs of daily slots[nb 8] at the airport to EasyJet for £20 million.[90][91] The latter's share of Gatwick slots increased to 44% in summer 2014; second-placed BA has held about 16% of the airport's slots since 2010.[85][86][92] Following the sale of its Gatwick slots to EasyJet, Flybe continued to provide the scheduled service between Gatwick and Newquay, as a result of being awarded the contract to fly this route under a four-year Public Service Obligation (PSO), until the flight was subsequently moved from Gatwick to Heathrow Airport in April 2019.[93][94]

Slots left by the US carriers (and the collapse of Zoom Airlines, Oasis Hong Kong Airlines, XL Airways UK, Sterling Airlines, Monarch Airlines, Thomas Cook Airlines, and Adria Airways) were taken by EasyJet, Flybe, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Ryanair. Many full-service airlines have established or resumed operations at the airport, including Air China, Cathay Pacific, China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Delta Air Lines, JetBlue, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines, Turkish Airlines, and WestJet. This is part of the airport's strategy to attract higher-spending business travellers (countering its dependence on European low-cost and charter markets), increasing year-round capacity utilisation by smoothing peaks and troughs in traffic. Gatwick's success in persuading these airlines to launch (or re-launch) routes to overseas destinations important for business and leisure travel was aided by a lack of comparable slots at Heathrow.[95][96]

On 5 May 2020, Virgin Atlantic announced it would cease operations at Gatwick due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[97] On 18 August 2020, Wizz Air announced a new hub at Gatwick Airport. Initially basing their A321 aircraft there along with additional commercial routes to Greece, Italy, Spain, and Malta operating from 22 October 2020, onwards.[98]

In September 2021, the International Airlines Group announced that British Airways would terminate its short- and medium-haul base operations at Gatwick with immediate effect resulting in the cancellation of more than 30 routes. This came after labour negotiations regarding the handover of these operations, most of which were still suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic, to a newly formed budget subsidiary failed. British Airways continues to serve two domestic destinations, Glasgow and Manchester alongside their long-haul network from Gatwick.[99]

British Airways has now resumed short-haul flights from Gatwick, as a new subsidiary which will be initially operated by British Airways, but will soon be managed under the trading name "BA EuroFlyer". The company expects this to happen by the autumn of 2022.[100]

City Place Gatwick

Main article: City Place Gatwick

Gatwick's original terminal, the Beehive, is included within the City Place Gatwick office complex together with 1, 2 and 3 City Place.[101][102][103][104][105] The complex was developed by BAA Lynton.[106] Some airlines have had offices at the Beehive, including BEA/British Airways Helicopters,[107][108] Jersey Airlines, Caledonian Airways, Virgin Atlantic and GB Airways.[109][110][111][112] Other airlines which had headquarters on airport property (including office buildings on the site of, or adjacent to, the original 1930s airport) include British Caledonian,[113][114] British United Airways,[115] CityFlyer Express,[116] Fastjet,[117] Laker Airways[118] and Tradewinds Airways.[119][120]

Gatwick Aviation Museum

Main article: Gatwick Aviation Museum

Situated to the northwest of the airfield near the village of Charlwood, there is a museum including original items and photographs from Gatwick's history, as well as a variety of military aircraft. It is open Friday, Saturday and Sunday all year round.[121]

Terminals

South Terminal main entrance
South Terminal check-in area
South Terminal shuttle station
North Terminal check-in zones A and B

The airport has two terminals, South and North, with 65 total gates. Both have shops and restaurants landside and airside, and all areas are accessible to disabled passengers. There are facilities for baby changing and feeding. Business travellers have specialised lounges. The North and South Terminals are connected by a 0.75-mile (1.21 km), elevated, two-way automated people mover landside. They are not connected once past security.

South Terminal

South Terminal has 32 gates with jetbridges and 7 remote gates. The official opening of the central pier of what is now the South Terminal, with 11 aircraft stands, was on 9 June 1958. Gatwick was one of the world's first airports with an enclosed pier-based terminal, which allowed passengers to walk under cover to waiting areas near the aircraft (with only a short walk outdoors).[122] Another feature of Gatwick's new air terminal was its modular design, permitting subsequent, phased expansion.[123] As passenger numbers grew, a circular satellite pier was added to the terminal building. It was connected to the main terminal by the UK's first automated people mover system.[122] This replaced the original North Pier dating from 1962; the people mover was subsequently replaced with a walkway and travelators.

The South Terminal was temporarily closed from June 2020, and all airlines normally operating from this terminal were relocated to the North Terminal, owing to the sharp decline in passenger traffic as a result of the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.[124] It fully reopened in March 2022.[125] During the time it was not in operation, it was used as a remote filming location for the fourteenth series of the television show Taskmaster.[citation needed]

North Terminal

North Terminal has 31 gates with jetbridges including three which can support an Airbus A380. Construction began on the North Terminal on land previously earmarked for a second runway in the draft plan of May 1970. This was the largest construction project south of London in the 1980s, costing £200 million.[54][55][126][127] In 1991 a second aircraft pier was added to the North Terminal. On 16 May 2005, the new Pier 6 opened at £110 million, adding 11 pier-served aircraft stands. The pier is linked to the North Terminal's main building by the second-largest air passenger bridge in the world,[nb 9] spanning a taxiway and providing passengers with views of the airport and taxiing aircraft.[129]

A large extension to the terminal was opened by former Prime Minister John Major in November 2011.[130][131]

Terminal assignments and rearrangements

As part of a seven-year strategic commercial partnership between Gatwick and EasyJet, the airport proposed several changes to individual airlines' terminal locations. These would see EasyJet consolidate all its Gatwick operations in the North Terminal, while British Airways and Virgin Atlantic would swap their terminals. Gatwick believes that these terminal moves improve the airport's operational efficiency and resilience, as the use of different terminals by EasyJet and British Airways reduces pressure on the North Terminal's check-in, security, boarding and ramp areas at peak times. In addition, a terminal swap by Virgin frees up lounge and gate space for BA long-haul passengers in the South Terminal and, unlike BA's current short-haul schedules, Virgin's long-haul schedules do not clash with EasyJet's busy schedule in the North Terminal due to the airlines' differing peak times.[72]

It was confirmed in January 2015 that British Airways would move all its flights to the South Terminal in November 2016 while all EasyJet flights would be consolidated in the North Terminal at the same time.[132][71] However, it was decided in February 2016 to postpone the agreed relocation of airlines until 25 January 2017, to avoid operational disruptions over the 2016–17 Christmas season and to give all parties involved enough time to deal with any unforeseen issues ahead of the February 2017 half-term holidays.[133] The relocation of these airlines was accomplished by the revised date of 25 January 2017.[134]

Airlines and destinations

The following airlines operate regular scheduled flights to and from Gatwick Airport:[135]

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Seasonal: Athens[136]
Air Arabia Tangier
Air China Beijing–Capital,[137] Shanghai–Pudong[138]
Air Europa Madrid
Air India Ahmedabad,[139] Amritsar, Goa–Mopa, Kochi
Air Mauritius Mauritius[140]
Air Peace Lagos[141]
Air Transat Toronto–Pearson
Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau
airBaltic Riga, Tallinn
Atlantic Airways Seasonal: Vágar[142]
Aurigny Guernsey
Azerbaijan Airlines Baku[143]
Azores Airlines Seasonal: Ponta Delgada[144]
BH Air Seasonal charter: Burgas
British Airways Accra,[140] Agadir,[145] Algiers, Alicante,[146] Antigua,[147] Aruba,[148] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[149][150] Bordeaux,[146] Cancún,[151] Dubrovnik,[146] Faro,[146] Funchal,[152] Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan,[148] Glasgow,[153] Gran Canaria,[146] Grenada,[154] Islamabad,[155] Jersey,[156] Kingston–Norman Manley,[157] Lanzarote,[146] Larnaca,[158] Málaga,[146] Malta,[146] Marrakesh,[159] Mauritius,[160] Nice,[159] Orlando,[157] Palma de Mallorca,[161] Porto,[140] Port of Spain,[154] Punta Cana, Salzburg,[146] Seville,[146] St. Kitts,[162] St. Lucia–Hewanorra,[148] Tampa, Tenerife–South,[146] Tobago,[154] Turin,[146] Verona[146]
Seasonal: Antalya,[161] Bari,[159] Cagliari,[159] Cape Town,[147] Catania,[161] Chambéry (begins 14 December 2024),[163] Corfu,[161] Dalaman,[161] Edinburgh,[164] Fuerteventura,[140] Geneva,[146] Grenoble,[146] Heraklion,[159] Ibiza,[159] Innsbruck,[165] Ivalo, [166] Kos,[159] Las Vegas,[157] Lyon,[146] Menorca,[159] Montpellier,[161] Mykonos,[167] New York–JFK,[147] Paphos,[146] Rhodes,[159] Salerno (begins 22 May 2025),[168] San José (CR), Santorini,[161] Sharm El Sheikh,[140] Thessaloniki,[159] Vancouver[157]
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Pudong[169]
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou,[170] Zhengzhou[171][172]
Corendon Airlines Seasonal: Antalya, Dalaman, Heraklion[173]
Croatia Airlines Seasonal: Split
Delta Air Lines Seasonal: New York–JFK[174]
Eastern Airways Newquay
easyJet Aberdeen, Agadir, Akureyri, Alicante, Almería, Amsterdam, Antalya, Athens, Barcelona, Bari, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast–City, Belfast–International, Bergamo (ends 5 January 2025),[175] Berlin, Bordeaux, Budapest, Catania, Copenhagen, Dalaman, Düsseldorf (resumes 30 March 2025),[176] Edinburgh, Enfidha, Faro, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Geneva, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Gran Canaria, Hamburg, Hurghada, Innsbruck, Inverness, Isle of Man, Jersey, Kraków, Lanzarote, Larnaca, Lisbon, Ljubljana, Lyon, Madrid, Málaga, Malta, Marrakesh, Marseille, Menorca, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Montpellier, Munich, Murcia, Nantes, Naples, Nice, Olbia, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Pisa, Porto, Prague, Rennes, Rome–Fiumicino, Seville, Sharm El Sheikh, Sofia, Strasbourg,[177] Tenerife–South, Thessaloniki, Turin, Valencia, Venice, Verona, Zurich
Seasonal: Bastia, Biarritz, Bodrum, Brindisi, Burgas, Chania, Corfu, Dubrovnik, Figari, Friedrichshafen, Grenoble, Heraklion, Ibiza, İzmir, Kalamata, Kefalonia, Kittilä,[178] Kos, La Rochelle, Luxor,[179] Mykonos, Palermo, Preveza/Lefkada, Pula, Reykjavík–Keflavík, Rhodes, Rimini (begins 16 April 2025),[180] Rovaniemi, Sal (begins 31 March 2025),[181] Salerno,[182] Salzburg, Santorini, Skiathos,[183] Split, Tivat, Toulouse, Tromsø,[184] Zadar, Zakynthos
Emirates Dubai–International[185][186]
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa,[187] Kumasi[188]
FlyErbil Erbil[189]
Freebird Airlines Seasonal: Antalya
Iberia Express Madrid[190]
Icelandair Reykjavik–Keflavik[191]
JetBlue[192][193] Seasonal: Boston
Kenya Airways Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta (begins 2 July 2025)[194]
KM Malta Airlines Malta[195]
Norse Atlantic Airways[196] Las Vegas,[197] Los Angeles,[198] Miami,[198] New York–JFK,[199] Orlando[198]
Seasonal: Cape Town[200]
Norwegian Air Shuttle[201] Bergen, Copenhagen, Helsinki, Oslo, Stavanger, Stockholm–Arlanda, Trondheim
Seasonal: Ålesund (begins 11 April 2025),[202] Gothenburg,[203] Harstad/Narvik (ends 4 January 2025),[204][205] Riga (begins 30 March 2025),[202] Rovaniemi,[206] Tromsø
Nouvelair Tunis
Qatar Airways Doha
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca
Seasonal: Tangier[207]
Ryanair Alicante, Cork, Dublin, Shannon
Saudia Jeddah[208]
Singapore Airlines Singapore[209]
Sky Express Athens
SkyAlps Bolzano[210]
SunExpress[211] Antalya
Seasonal: Dalaman, İzmir[211][212]
Swiss International Air Lines Seasonal: Geneva, Zurich[213]
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon, Porto
TUI Airways[214] Agadir, Boa Vista, Cancún, Enfidha, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, La Palma, Málaga, Marrakesh, Montego Bay, Punta Cana, Sal, Sharm El Sheikh, St. Lucia–Hewanorra, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Alicante, Antalya, Banjul, Barbados, Bodrum, Budapest,[215] Burgas, Chambéry, Chania, Corfu, Dakar–Diass, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Düsseldorf (begins 24 November 2025),[216] Faro, Frankfurt (ends 23 December 2024),[216] Girona, Goa–Mopa,[217] Heraklion, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Ivalo, İzmir, Jerez de la Frontera, Kavala, Kefalonia, Kittilä,[214] Kos, Kuusamo, La Romana (begins 24 December 2024),[218] Lamezia Terme, Larnaca, Liberia (CR), Luxor,[214] Marsa Alam, Melbourne/Orlando, Menorca, Naples, Ohrid (resumes 27 May 2026),[216] Olbia, Oslo,[214] Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Phuket, Preveza/Lefkada, Pula, Reus, Reykjavík–Keflavík, Rhodes, Rovaniemi, Sälen/Trysil (begins 21 December 2025),[219] Salzburg, Samos, Skiathos, Sofia, Split, Thessaloniki, Toulouse, Turin, Verona, Zakynthos
Tunisair[220] Tunis
Turkish Airlines Istanbul[221]
Turkmenistan Airlines Ashgabat[222]
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent[223]
Volotea Brest,[224] Strasbourg[225]
Vueling A Coruña, Asturias, Barcelona,[226] Bilbao, Florence, Gran Canaria, Málaga, Paris–Orly, Rome–Fiumicino, Santiago de Compostela, Seville, Valencia
Seasonal: Alicante, Granada,[227] Lanzarote
WestJet Seasonal: Halifax,[228] St. John's[228]
Wizz Air Antalya, Athens, Bucharest–Otopeni, Budapest, Istanbul, Jeddah (begins 31 March 2025),[229][230] Kraków, Larnaca, Málaga, Milan–Malpensa, Naples, Nice, Prague,[231] Rome–Fiumicino, Tel Aviv (resumes 16 January 2025),[citation needed] Venice, Vienna
Seasonal: Agadir, Catania, Dalaman, Faro, Grenoble, Hurghada,[140] Lyon, Marrakesh, Podgorica, Sharm El Sheikh, Varna[232]

Traffic and statistics

Overview

In 2015, Gatwick became the first single-runway airport to handle more than 40 million passengers annually.[233] By 2016, EasyJet accounted for over 40% of Gatwick's total passengers.[234][76] When ranked by global passenger traffic, Gatwick is the 35th busiest internationally and the eighth busiest airport in Europe. Gatwick is the world's leading low-cost airport[235] and until March 2017 had the world's busiest single-use runway,[nb 10] with a maximum of 55 aircraft movements per hour.[236][237]

Busiest routes

Busiest routes from London Gatwick (2023)
Rank Destination Passengers Change 2022 / 23
1 Dublin, Ireland 1,279,921 Increase 10.80%
2 Barcelona, Spain 1,276,439 Increase 26.81%
3 Malaga, Spain 1,122,026 Increase 27.60%
4 Dubai, United Arab Emirates 969,662 Increase 47.33%
5 Faro, Portugal 847,091 Increase 35.15%
6 Amsterdam, Netherlands 831,404 Increase 37.39%
7 Rome, Italy 797,154 Increase 38.98%
8 Geneva, Switzerland 738,182 Increase 20.78%
9 Alicante, Spain 737,493 Increase 27.66%
10 Tenerife-South, Spain 710,578 Increase 23.70%
Source: CAA Statistics[238]
Busiest domestic routes from London Gatwick (2023)
Rank Destination Passengers Change 2022 / 23
1 Belfast-International 484,490 Decrease 3.14%
2 Glasgow 466,131 Increase 7.31%
3 Edinburgh 459,436 Increase 12.40%
4 Jersey 342,837 Increase 16.20%
5 Guernsey 307,579 Increase 9.11%
6 Belfast-City 233,493 Increase 41.18%
7 Inverness 222,964 Increase 2.64%
8 Aberdeen 194,917 Increase 20.07%
9 Isle of Man 160,318 Increase 6.81%
10 Newquay 83,948 Increase 30.11%
Source: CAA Statistics[238]

Traffic

Gatwick Airport Passengers. See Wikidata query.

Gatwick handled 186,172 passengers during its first seven months of operation after the 1956–58 reconstruction; the annual number of passengers passing through the airport was 368,000 in 1959 and 470,000 in 1960.[122][239] Passenger numbers reached one million for the first time during the 1962–63 fiscal year,[nb 11] with British United Airways (BUA) accounting for four-fifths.[240] The 1.5 million mark was exceeded for the first time during the 1966–67 fiscal year.[nb 12] This was also the first time more than half a million scheduled passengers used the airport.[241] Gatwick accommodated two million passengers for the first time during the 1967–68 fiscal year[nb 13] and 3 million in the 1969–70 fiscal year,[nb 14] with BUA accounting for nearly half.[242][243] By the early 1970s, 5 million passengers used Gatwick each year, with a record 5.7 million during the 1973–74 fiscal year.[nb 15] During that period, British Caledonian accounted for approximately half of all charter passengers and three-fourths of scheduled passengers.[244] Within a decade annual passenger numbers doubled, to 10 million; they doubled again, to over 20 million, by the late 1980s.[122][245][11][12] By the turn of the millennium, Gatwick handled more than 30 million passengers annually.[122]

Year Number of
passengers
[nb 16]		 Percentage
change		 Number of
aircraft
movements
[nb 17]		 Freight
(tonnes)
2000 32,068,540 – 260,859 318,905
2001 31,181,770 Decrease02.8% 252,543 280,098
2002 29,627,420 Decrease05.0% 242,379 242,519
2003 30,005,260 Increase01.3% 242,731 222,916
2004 31,466,770 Increase04.9% 251,195 218,204
2005 32,775,695 Increase04.2% 261,292 222,778
2006 34,163,579 Increase04.2% 263,363 211,857
2007 35,216,113 Increase03.1% 266,550 171,078
2008 34,205,887 Decrease02.9% 263,653 107,702
2009 32,392,520 Decrease05.3% 251,879 74,680
2010 31,375,290 Decrease03.1% 240,500 104,032
2011 33,674,264 Increase07.3% 251,067 88,085
2012 34,235,982 Increase01.7% 246,987 97,567
2013 35,444,206 Increase03.5% 250,520 96,724
2014 38,103,667 Increase07.5% 259,692 88,508
2015 40,269,087 Increase05.7% 267,760 73,371
2016 43,119,628 Increase07.1% 280,666 79,588
2017 45,516,700 Increase05.2% 285,969 96,983
2018 46,075,400 Increase01.1% 283,926 112,600
2019 46,574,786 Increase01.1% 282,896 110,358
2020 10,171,867 Decrease078.2% 79,489 26,063
2021 6,260,072 Decrease038.5% 52,000 11,623
2022 32,800,000 Increase0423.9% 217,524 36,407
2023 40,894,242 Increase024.7% 253,047 61,123
Source 2000–2016: UK Civil Aviation Authority[246]
Source 2017: Gatwick Airport Limited[247]

46.1 million passengers passed through Gatwick in 2018, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year. North Atlantic and other long-haul[nb 18] traffic recorded increases over the previous year of 24.4% and 12.7% to 4.04 million and 4.65 million passengers, respectively. UK,[nb 19] European charter,[nb 20] Irish and European scheduled passenger traffic recorded decreases over the previous year of 8.7%, 5.7%, 1.1% and 0.9% to 3.73 million, 2.88 million, 1.67 million and 29.11 million, respectively. Air transport movements decreased by 0.7% to 283,926. Cargo volume increased by 16.1% to 112,676 metric tonnes.[8]

Compared with a year earlier, January to March 2019 passenger numbers increased by 4% to 9.675 million (an increase of 374,700 over January to March 2018). The following changes were recorded amongst individual passenger traffic categories: North Atlantic traffic +15.3% (784,200 passengers); European scheduled traffic +3.9% (5.649 million passengers); other long-haul[nb 18] traffic +3.2% (1.277 million passengers); European charter[nb 20] traffic +2.1% (710,900 passengers); Irish traffic +1.6% (412,000 passengers) and UK[nb 19] traffic -0.2% (841,700 passengers). Air transport movements increased by 3.3% to 62,392. Cargo volume increased by 7.2% to 27,390 metric tonnes, which was driven by a 7.5% increase in overall long-haul passenger traffic. The growing popularity of the GatwickConnects flight connections assistance service provided by the airport for self-connecting passengers was driven by additional passengers changing flights at Gatwick whose journey originated in Edinburgh (+80%), Jersey (+58%) and Belfast (+50%).[248]

Ground transport

Grassy median, with billboard and road sign
North Terminal A23 roundabout

Gatwick has set goals of 40% public transport use by the time annual passenger traffic reaches 40 million (in 2015) and 45% by the time it reaches 45 million.[249]

The airport is accessible from a motorway spur road at junction 9A of the M23, which links to the main M23 motorway 1 mile (1.6 km) east at junction 9. The M23 connects with London's orbital motorway, the M25, 9 miles (14 km) north; this provides access to much of Greater London, the South East and beyond, and the M23 is the main route for traffic to (and from) the airport. Gatwick is also accessible from the A23, which serves Horley and Redhill to the north and Crawley and Brighton to the south. The A217 provides access northwards to the town of Reigate. The airport has long- and short-stay car parks at the airport and off-site, although these are often full in summer. Local restrictions limit parking at Gatwick.

Rail

Gatwick Airport railway station
Main article: Gatwick Airport railway station

Gatwick Airport railway station is located adjacent to the South Terminal and has served the airport since 1958.[250][251] It is located on the Brighton Main Line, and is mainly served by Southern, Thameslink, and Gatwick Express. It also receives a half-hourly service operated by Great Western Railway via the North Downs Line.

To the south, Southern, Thameslink, and Gatwick Express all provide direct connections to Brighton. Southern also provides connections to Eastbourne, Littlehampton, Bognor Regis, and Portsmouth Harbour.

To the north, Thameslink provides connections to London Bridge, Gatwick Express provides non-stopping connections to London Victoria, and Southern provides connections to both stations. Thameslink trains continue further north through the Thameslink Core to St Pancras International, Bedford, Peterborough, and Cambridge. Great Western Railway also provides a half-hourly service to Reading via Guildford.

The station provides single-change connections to Heathrow Airport and Luton Airport via northbound Thameslink services. Heathrow Airport can be reached by changing to the Elizabeth line at Farringdon, whilst Luton Airport can be reached by the Luton DART station at Luton Airport Parkway.

London Oyster Cards and contactless cards are accepted on all rail routes from Gatwick Airport into London.[252][253]

Bus

National Express Coaches operates coaches to Heathrow Airport, London Stansted Airport and cities and towns throughout the region and country. Oxford Bus Company operates direct services to Oxford, and EasyBus operates mini-coaches from both terminals to Earls Court and West Brompton.[citation needed]

Local buses connect the North and South Terminals with Crawley, Horley, Redhill, Horsham and Caterham. Services are offered by Metrobus, including Metrobus's Fastway services operated on a partly guided bus rapid transit system which was the first of its kind to be built outside a major city.[citation needed]

Bike

Route 21 of the National Cycle Network passes under the South Terminal, allowing virtually traffic-free cycling and walking northwards to Horley and southwards to Three Bridges and Crawley. A goods-style lift runs between the terminal and ground level (labelled "Lift to Cycle Route") near Zone L.[citation needed]

Terminal transfer

The Gatwick Airport terminal shuttle departing from the South Terminal
Main article: Gatwick Airport Shuttle Transit

The airport's North and South Terminals are connected by a 0.75 miles (1.21 km), elevated, two-way automated people mover track. The transit shuttle normally consists of two automatic, three-car, driverless trains. Although colloquially known as a "monorail", the shuttle instead runs on a dual, concrete track with rubber tyres.[254] The transit is land side, and besides linking the two terminals also links the North terminal to the airport railway station.

The shuttle opened in 1987, along with the North Terminal, and initially used Adtranz C-100 people-mover cars which remained in operation until September 2009, by which time they had travelled a total of 2.5 million miles (4 million km). Gatwick began upgrading its shuttle service in April 2008, with a bus replacement service in place from September 2009. A new operating system and shuttle cars (six Bombardier CX-100 vehicles)[255] were installed, and the guideway and transit stations were refurbished at a total cost of £45 million. The system re-opened on 1 July 2010, two months ahead of schedule;[256][257] it featured live journey information and sensory technology to count the number of passengers at stations.

An earlier transit system, that opened in 1983 to link the main terminal (now the South Terminal) to the (then new) circular satellite pier, was the UK's first automated people-moving system. This system has since been replaced by a walkway-and-moving walkway link, although the remains of the elevated guideway are still visible.[254]

Expansion proposals

Main article: Expansion of Gatwick Airport

Gatwick has been included in many reviews of airport capacity in southeastern England. Expansion options have included a third terminal and a second runway; although an agreement not to build a second runway was made in 1979 with West Sussex County Council, that agreement expired by its terms after 40 years.[54][55][258] Expanded operations would allow Gatwick to handle more passengers than Heathrow does today, with a new terminal between two wide-spaced runways. This would complement or replace the South Terminal, depending on expected future traffic.[259]

Airport management's proposal for a second runway (south of the existing runway and airport boundary) was unveiled in July 2013. This was shortlisted for further consideration by the Airports Commission in December 2013, and the commission's final report was published in July 2015.[260][261] Another proposal would extend the North Terminal south, with a passenger bridge in the area currently occupied by aircraft stands without jet bridges.[262] Gatwick's draft master plan (released for consultation on 13 October 2011) dropped the passenger-bridge plan in favour of a mid-field satellite (next to the control tower) linking to the North Terminal as part of an expanded 2030 single-runway, two-terminal airport.[263]

In late 2011, the Department for Transport (DfT) also began a feasibility study for a high-speed rail link between Gatwick and Heathrow as part of a plan combining the airports into a "collective" or "virtual hub", Heathwick. The scheme envisages a high-speed rail route parallel to the M25, covering 35 miles (56 km) in 15 minutes. Trains would reach speeds of 180 mph (290 km/h), and passengers would need to pass through immigration (or check-in) only once. A 2018 proposal for a high-speed railway link to Heathrow, HS4Air, is currently[when?] being considered by the DfT. The proposal is part of a scheme to link the High Speed 1 and High Speed 2 railway lines and connect regional cities in Britain to the Channel Tunnel.[264] The DfT will respond to the HS4Air plans in the autumn of 2018.[265][266][needs update]

On 1 July 2015, the Airports Commission submitted its final report, recommending the expansion of Heathrow Airport as opposed to Gatwick. Whilst the commission recognised Gatwick's benefits and relatively fewer environmental consequences than Heathrow, they felt the economic benefits of Gatwick vs. Heathrow were not as great, nor as broad-ranging.[267] Gatwick disputed the findings.[268]

On 9 September 2021, GAL opened its first public consultation to carry out major works at the runway to increase its capacity from 64 million passengers a year to 75 million passengers a year by moving the northern "emergency" runway to the north to meet international standards for dual runway use.[269] Airport management plans to use this runway only for take-offs by all but the largest aircraft. It hoped to receive approval in 2024, with the main works taking 4 years to complete, and 13 years to be fully complete.[270] Works would also involve a new pier, hotels, terminal expansion and highway improvements including flyovers of the M23 Spur / A23 Airport Way at the terminal roundabouts.[271] Planning permission for the runway realignment was formally requested in July 2023.[272]

Accidents and incidents

  • 15 September 1936 – A British Airways Ltd de Havilland DH 86 on a night mail flight to Germany crashed on takeoff, killing the airline's chief pilot and two crew members.[273][274]
  • November 1936 – A British Airways Ltd Fokker F 12 crashed in a wood 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south of Gatwick on its final approach to the airport under a low ceiling in poor visibility, killing both pilots and seriously injuring the flight engineer.[275]
  • 17 February 1959 – A Turkish Airlines Vickers Viscount 794D (registration: TC-SEV) on an international charter flight crashed in heavy fog at Newdigate, Surrey, on its approach to Gatwick after striking trees. Fourteen of the 24 on board died, and Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes was amongst the survivors.[276][277][278]
  • 5 January 1969 – A Boeing 727-113C (registration: YA-FAR) operating as Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 arriving from Frankfurt Airport, Germany, crashed into a house in Fernhill (near Horley, Surrey) in low visibility. The flaps were not extended to maintain flight at final-approach speed. 48 of the 62 on board died, in addition to two on the ground.[277][279][280][281]
  • 28 January 1972 – A British Caledonian Vickers VC10-1109 (registration: G-ARTA) with no passengers aboard sustained severe structural damage as a result of a hard landing at Gatwick at the end of a short ferry flight from Heathrow, where the aircraft had been diverted due to fog at Gatwick. After touching down runway 08 and applying spoilers and reverse thrust, the aircraft became airborne again, bounced twice and landed heavily. This resulted in a burst front wheel tyre, a separated wheel and a crumpled fuselage (immediately in front of and behind the wings).[282] A survey of the aircraft's damage revealed that its airframe was bent out of shape, requiring extensive repairs to restore airworthiness. Since the repairs were not cost-effective, the airline's management decided to cannibalise the aircraft for spare parts before scrapping it at Gatwick in 1975.[283][284]
  • 20 July 1975 – A British Island Airways (BIA) Handley Page Dart Herald 201 (registration: G-APWF) was involved in a runway accident while departing on a scheduled flight to Guernsey. The aircraft lifted off from runway 26 after a ground run of 2,490 feet (760 m) and appeared airborne for 411 ft (125 m) (with its landing gear retracting) before the rear underside of the fuselage settled back onto the runway and brought the aircraft to a stop. An investigation concluded that the landing gear was retracted before the aircraft had become established in a climb and the flap setting and takeoff speed were incorrect. Although the aircraft incurred substantial damage, none of the 45 occupants were hurt.[285]
  • 29 December 2014 – A Virgin Atlantic Boeing 747-400 (Registration: G-VROM) suffered a loss of hydraulic fluid whilst en route to Las Vegas. Shortly after departure, an alarm prompted the crew to return to Gatwick, when they discovered that an improperly installed actuator had caused the right wing landing gear to not deploy. The aircraft successfully landed on 3 main landing-gear bogies and was returned to service on 11 January 2015.[286]
  • 19–21 December 2018 – A major disruption to the airport was caused by reports of drone sightings close to the runway. The runway was closed and all flights were suspended for about six hours on 19 December. The airport reopened at 03:01 the next morning until another reported sighting prompted another closing about 45 minutes later. As of 00:15 on 21 December, the airport was still closed with about 110,000 passengers and 760 flights affected.[287] Officials called the drone flying a "deliberate act of disruption", but did not classify it as terrorism.[288] The army was deployed to assist the police in resolving the incident.[289] The runway reopened with limited capacity around 06:00 that day.[290] Authorities suspended flights again from 17:10 to 18:23 on 21 December. Later that day a man and a woman were arrested in connection with the incident;[291][292] the pair were released without charge on 23 December with Sussex Police saying that they "are no longer suspects".[293]
  • 26 February 2020 – a Titan Airways Airbus A321-211 reported engine surge after takeoff. A few moments later, the other engine stalled. The aircraft landed safely at Gatwick eleven minutes after takeoff. The Air Accidents Investigation Branch determined fuel contamination following defective maintenance had gone undetected for two days and caused the incident. Safety recommendations were made to the European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and changes were made by organisations including Airbus and the International Air Transport Association.[294]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Gatwick has two runways; however, their proximity prevents simultaneous operation, so only a single runway is in operation at any time.
  2. ^ independent from government-owned corporations
  3. ^ as of May 2012
  4. ^ a b excluding scheduled regional air services
  5. ^ including scheduled regional air services
  6. ^ a b 1 April 2011 to 31 March 2012
  7. ^ British Airways, 15%; Thomson Airways, 11%; Monarch Airlines, 7%; Flybe and Thomas Cook Airlines, 6% each
  8. ^ including eight early-morning peak-time slot pairs
  9. ^ The largest is the IAF Pedestrian Walkway at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport (SeaTac) which opened in 2022.[128]
  10. ^ by passengers; by movements until 2016
  11. ^ 1 April 1962 to 31 March 1963
  12. ^ 1 April 1966 to 31 March 1967
  13. ^ 1 April 1967 to 31 March 1968
  14. ^ 1 April 1969 to 31 March 1970
  15. ^ 1 April 1973 to 31 March 1974
  16. ^ number of passengers including both domestic and international
  17. ^ number of movements represents total aircraft takeoffs and landings during each year
  18. ^ a b excluding North Atlantic
  19. ^ a b including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man
  20. ^ a b including North Africa

References

Citations

  1. ^ Airport Statistics Summary (PDF) (Report). London: Civil Aviation Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "London Gatwick celebrates next phase of growth with launch of new brand and refreshed vision" (Press release). Crawley: Gatwick Airport Limited. Archived from the original on 6 May 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  3. ^ Oxford Dictionaries (retrieved 5 September 2012) Archived 3 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ "Just where are our airports?". Channel 4 News. 18 August 2009. Archived from the original on 21 August 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  5. ^ "At a glance". Gatwick Airport. 2014. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  6. ^ "Gatwick Airport Interim Master Plan" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  7. ^ "Facts and Stats". Gatwick Airport. 2014. Archived from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  8. ^ a b "Gatwick long-haul traffic grows in December as 46.1m passengers travel through in 2018". 16 January 2019. Retrieved 19 January 2019. [permanent dead link‍]
  9. ^ Powers, Alan (1992). In the Line of Development: FRS Yorke, E Rosenberg and CS Mardall to YRM, 1930–1992. RIBA Heinz Gallery. ISBN 1-872911-20-X.
  10. ^ Cooper, B., Got your number, Golden Gatwick, Skyport, Gatwick edition, Hounslow, 6 June 2008, p. 12
  11. ^ a b Iyengar, K., Bermuda Bloomers, Golden Gatwick, Skyport, Gatwick edition, Hounslow, 8 February 2008, p. 18
  12. ^ a b Iyengar, K., The only way is up, Golden Gatwick, Skyport, Gatwick edition, Hounslow, 11 April 2008, p. 16
  13. ^ Iyengar, K., Heading North, Golden Gatwick, Skyport, Gatwick edition, Hounslow, 9 May 2008, p. 16
  14. ^ "easyJet's biggest base at London Gatwick has 50 aircraft and almost 100 routes; Spain remains No. 1 market in summer (> Airline Analysis)". Anna.Aero. 12 August 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  15. ^ "Bermuda 2 initialled, Air Transport". Flight International. 2 July 1977. p. 5. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  16. ^ "AA ends Gatwick operations". Institute of Commercial Management. 17 March 2008. Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  17. ^ "Goodbye Gatwick". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 169 (10): 16. 15 September 2008.
  18. ^ Done, Kevin (9 September 2008). "Continental closes Gatwick operation". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  19. ^ "US Airways Announces Schedule for Charlotte to London Heathrow Service and Opens Flights for Sale" (Press release). US Airways. 17 December 2012. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  20. ^ "Braniff History – Braniff History Time Line: 1978". clippedb.org (The Association of Former Braniff Flight Attendants). Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  21. ^ "Delta, Virgin Atlantic boost summer flying between U.S. and U.K. in 2020" (Press release). Delta Airlines. 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  22. ^ "BAA agrees Gatwick airport sale". BBC News. 21 October 2009. Archived from the original on 22 October 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  23. ^ Fenton, Susan; Roumeliotis, Greg (5 February 2010). "Abu Dhabi wealth fund buys into Gatwick Airport". Reuters. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
  24. ^ "Gatwick Airport News: GIP to replace bank debt with bonds" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. 24 February 2010. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  25. ^ Christie, Jim (15 June 2010). "Calpers acquires 12.7 percent stake in Gatwick Airport". Reuters. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  26. ^ Arnold, Martin (21 December 2010). "Future Fund gets Gatwick go-ahead". Financial Times. London. Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  27. ^ Georgiadis, Philip (26 August 2020). "Gatwick to cut a quarter of its staff as part of restructuring". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  28. ^ "British Airports Authority in Business, Air Transport ..." Flight International. 14 April 1966. p. 584. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  29. ^ "History". Gatwick Airport. 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  30. ^ "Ivy Holdco Limited". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 30 September 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
  31. ^ "Ivy Holdco Limited, Annual Report 2017" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2017.
  32. ^ Kollewe, Julia (27 December 2018). "Gatwick airport: majority stake sold to French group". The Guardian. London. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
  33. ^ "Our Owners and Management". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  34. ^ Leggett, Theo (27 December 2018). "French firm to control Gatwick Airport". BBC News. London. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
  35. ^ Ralph, Philip Giorgiadis and Oliver. "Gatwick in talks with lenders as losses mount". Financial Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  36. ^ "Baroness Ford appointed as new chair of London Gatwick". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  37. ^ "V Room – The new Lounge at Gatwick". Virgin Atlantic. Archived from the original on 11 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  38. ^ Caswell, Mark (21 December 2016). "Virgin Holidays unveils new Gatwick v-room". Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  39. ^ "Chaplain's Corner – with Gatwick chaplain Sister Jo Threlfall", Skyport, Gatwick edition, Hammersmith, 29 April 2011, p. 9
  40. ^ "Bus Services to CAA Safety Regulation Group, Aviation House Archived 1 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine". Civil Aviation Authority. Retrieved 9 September 2010. "Aviation House South Area Gatwick Airport RH6 0YR"
  41. ^ "Regions". WesternGeco. 2014. Archived from the original on 18 October 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  42. ^ "Europe/Africa/Russia". WesternGeco. 2014. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  43. ^ a b Eade, Christine (8 June 2007). "The market in minutes – Sussex". Archived 15 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Property Week. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  44. ^ "Investor Contacts". (Archive) Fastjet. Retrieved 7 May 2013. "Registered Office and Head Office fastjet Plc Suite 2C First Point Buckingham Gate Gatwick Airport RH6 0NT"
  45. ^ "Gatwick Airport Consultative Committee" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  46. ^ "Giant barcodes at UK airport to lead visitors on "Discovery Tour"". The Next Web. 4 November 2010. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  47. ^ "New world-first GatwickConnects booking service launched, providing more choice and more competitive fight options" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. 15 September 2015. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  48. ^ a b "Gatwick Innovates To Link Its Low-Cost Airlines". Routes Online. 15 September 2015. Archived from the original on 16 September 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  49. ^ Otley, Tom (31 December 2016). "Gatwick hopes for greater connectivity". Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  50. ^ "Redefining airport hubs: (Self)-connectivity: the next vital piece in the industry's advancement – Gatwick Airport is another example where self-connection matters". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 29 May 2015. Archived from the original on 1 June 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  51. ^ "GTMC: Gatwick no longer 'bucket-and-spade airport'". TTG Digital. 5 June 2014. Archived from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2014.
  52. ^ "GatwickConnects FAQs". Gatwick Airport. 2017. Archived from the original on 12 November 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
  53. ^ "Gatwick Runway Options Consultation" (Section 2: Our runway options / 2.1 Features common to all options – The length of the runway), Gatwick Airport Limited, April 2014, p. 16
  54. ^ a b c "Gatwick runway deal agreed, Air Transport". Flight International. 25 August 1979. p. 569. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  55. ^ a b c "BAA reveals Gatwick expansion plans, Air Transport". Flight International. 8 September 1979. p. 757. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  56. ^ "History – 1958". Gatwick Aviation Society. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  57. ^ "Airport second runway 'by the back door'". BBC News. Tunbridge Wells: BBC English Regions. 15 October 2018. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  58. ^ "Gatwick floats back-up runway for single-aisle departures". Flight Global. 18 October 2018. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  59. ^ Lee, Will (4 July 2023). "London's Gatwick Airport Expects Second Runway – AirlineGeeks.com". AirlineGeeks.com – LIVE. LOVE. AVIATION. Archived from the original on 5 July 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  60. ^ "NATS – London Gatwick Aerodrome Approach Charts". Nats-uk.ead-it.com. Retrieved 15 August 2010.[dead link‍]
  61. ^ "Flight Evaluation Report 2006/07" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2008. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  62. ^ "Tighter regulation" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
  63. ^ "Night noise". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  64. ^ Referred to in England and Wales High Court (Technology and Construction Court), Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust and another v Lancashire County Council [2018] EWHC 200, paragraph 18, delivered on 8 February 2018, accessed on 30 September 2024
  65. ^ "Guarding Gatwick", Airports – September/October 2007 (Key Publishing), p. 17
  66. ^ "Aviation security overview | Civil Aviation Authority". www.caa.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 August 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  67. ^ "Illegal immigrant centre opened". BBC News. 18 March 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  68. ^ "Our vision for Gatwick, 1.12, 1 Introduction, Gatwick Interim Master Plan" (PDF). October 2006. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  69. ^ "London airports and a new runway: Heathrow the business champion but the biggest growth is elsewhere". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 21 October 2016. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
  70. ^ "Full year results analyst and investor presentation" (PDF) (Press release). EasyJet. 17 November 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  71. ^ a b "easyJet confirms move to single terminal at London Gatwick (> Media > News)". EasyJet. 23 January 2015. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  72. ^ a b Lea, Robert (27 March 2014). "EasyJet cleared for takeover at Gatwick Airport". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  73. ^ "2011 easyJet launches first route to Seville" (Press release). EasyJet. 15 April 2011. Archived from the original on 23 April 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  74. ^ "Gatwick facts & stats – Destinations and airlines". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 24 November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
  75. ^ "IAG and Norwegian Air begin to tango: Norwegian is number three and BA number two at London Gatwick". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 24 April 2018. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
  76. ^ a b "Gatwick by numbers [2016]". Gatwick Airport. December 2016. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  77. ^ Caswell, Mark (20 April 2017). "British Airways Gatwick traffic tops six million passengers". Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  78. ^ Maslen, Richard (20 April 2017). "Norwegian adds first Asian market to London long-haul network". Routes Online. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  79. ^ "Norwegian Air part 1 – A second UK long haul base at Edinburgh. Matches Virgin on Gatwick-US seats: Gatwick still dominates Norwegian's UK operation (Table: London Gatwick Airport: airlines by share of international seats, week of 29-May-2017)". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 9 January 2017. Archived from the original on 10 January 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  80. ^ Airways (Forward, D.C., London Gatwick Goes Global – GIP Gets the Goat Farm: Fast Facts – London Gatwick), Vol. 18, No. 5, p. 27, Airways International Inc., Sandpoint, July 2011
  81. ^ "Heathrow or Gatwick? The Battle of London: British Airways and easyJet dominate ... Top 15 airlines at Gatwick in 2014". Anna.aero. 21 January 2015. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  82. ^ "Gatwick by numbers [2017]" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. December 2016. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  83. ^ Done, Kevin (26 October 2007). "EasyJet in £103m GB Airways move". Financial Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  84. ^ a b "Aer Lingus to set up base at Gatwick". Financial Times. London. 19 December 2008. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  85. ^ a b "British Airways: the parental favourite gets new toys, but still has homework to do – BA's decline at Gatwick". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 24 May 2013. Archived from the original on 19 July 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  86. ^ a b "EasyJet lassos London Gatwick and Luton airports with long-term deals: EasyJet's negotiating power at Gatwick is stronger than ever". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 2 April 2014. Archived from the original on 6 April 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  87. ^ "Europe by EasyJet: 2012 Investor Day (Network Development and Optimisation: Strong slot position at key airports – Summer '12 Gatwick departures 0600-0855, p. 20)" (PDF) (Press release). easyjet. 31 January 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  88. ^ "Flybe welcomes sale of London Gatwick" (Press release). Easier.com. 2 October 2008. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  89. ^ "Flybe Group Annual Report 2011/12 – Business highlights: Airport policy, p. 9" (PDF). flybe.com. 11 June 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  90. ^ "Flybe Announces Departure From London Gatwick Airport ... Airline confirms it will maintain all Gatwick services until March 29, 2014" (Press release). Flybe. 23 May 2013. Archived from the original on 10 June 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  91. ^ Strydom, Martin (23 May 2013). "Flybe sells Gatwick slots to EasyJet for £20m. However EasyJet chose not to operate to Guernsey that Flybe was already running so Aurigny decided to buy an Embraer E195 to operate from Gatwick to Guernsey to help the London operations for the Bailiwick to keep operating". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 23 March 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  92. ^ "EasyJet works the Gatwick slot machine as Flybe cashes out: Flybe has less than half the average number of passengers per ATM at Gatwick – Seats per ATM at London Gatwick". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 31 May 2013. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  93. ^ "Gatwick welcomes funding deal for Cornwall to London air link". Flybe. 27 October 2014. Archived from the original on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
  94. ^ McWhirter, Alex (22 November 2018). "Flybe transfers Newquay route to London Heathrow". Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
  95. ^ "Small decline in passenger numbers at Gatwick in January". London Gatwick Airport. 11 February 2013. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  96. ^ "Gatwick goes after the business traveller (> News)". Business Traveller. 24 November 2011. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 11 May 2012.
  97. ^ "Our post-Covid19 future" (Press release). Virgin Atlantic. 5 May 2020. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  98. ^ Otley, Tom (18 August 2020). "Wizz Air announces new Gatwick base". Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  99. ^ "BA to scrap Gatwick short-haul flights after low-cost plan fails". Reuters. 23 September 2021. Archived from the original on 1 October 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  100. ^ "BA announces new routes and starts selling seats for new Gatwick subsidy after initial termination of Gatwick Operations". British Airways. 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 22 June 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  101. ^ "Cityplacegatwick". Archived 27 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine. City Place Gatwick. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  102. ^ "Master Plan." Archived 8 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. City Place Gatwick. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  103. ^ "Modern Airport – Features of Gatwick, London's Latest Terminal: Rational Building Layout: Ground and Air Traffic Control: Ancillary Services". Flight. 4 June 1936. p. 602. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  104. ^ "Modern Airport – Features of Gatwick, ..." Flight: 603. 4 June 1936. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  105. ^ "Modern Airport – Features of Gatwick, ..." Flight: 604. 4 June 1936. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  106. ^ "MEPC lands BT Workstyle pre-let at aerodrome Archived 15 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine." Property Week. 17 March 2000. Retrieved 12 February 2011. "Signing the pre-let caps a busy week for BT. It has also pre-let 14,000 sq m (150,000 sq ft) at BAA Lynton's 46,500 sq m (500,000 sq ft) City Place scheme at Gatwick."
  107. ^ "BAH is moving ... to Aberdeen, Rotary Briefs, Business Aviation". Flight International. 2 March 1985. p. 12. Archived from the original on 15 April 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
  108. ^ Classic Aircraft (Gone but not forgotten ... BEA and BA Helicopters), Vol. 44, No. 12, p. 69, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, December 2011
  109. ^ "The Beehive". GB Airways. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
  110. ^ "British Caledonian – A Tribute: The Crewroom Notices". british-caledonian.com. 2 June 2012. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
  111. ^ "Air Commerce ..., Up to date with Caledonian". Flight International: 121. 25 January 1962. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
  112. ^ "World Airline Directory, British Atlantic Airways". Flight International: 826. 31 March 1984. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
  113. ^ "Caledonian Takes Over B.U.A. for £7m". Evening Times. Glasgow. 21 October 1970. p. 14. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2021 – via Google News.
  114. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 18 May 1972. Supplement 18". Archived 6 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "Head Office: Gatwick Airport, Horley, Surrey, England."
  115. ^ "Air Transport ..., BUA retrenches". Flight International: 1058. 28 December 1967. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
  116. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 24–30 March 1999. "64". Archived 4 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "Iain Stewart Centre, Beehive Ring Road, Gatwick Airport, Gatwick, West Sussex, RH6 OPB, UK"
  117. ^ "Investor Contacts". Fastjet. 15 November 2014. Archived from the original on 25 November 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2021. Registered Office and Head Office fastjet Plc Suite 2C First Point Buckingham Gate Gatwick Airport RH6 0NT
  118. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 16 May 1981. 1445 Archived 6 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "Head Office: London Gatwick Airport, Horley, Surrey, UK."
  119. ^ "World Airline Survey ..." Flight International: 564. 10 April 1969. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 13 February 2011. "Head Office: Gatwick Airport, Horley. Surrey."
  120. ^ World Airline Directory. Flight International. 20 March 1975. 505 Archived 4 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "Head Office: Gatwick Airport, Horley, Surrey."
  121. ^ "New Gatwick Aviation Museum". www.gatwick-aviation-museum.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2 November 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  122. ^ a b c d e "Gatwick Airport History", Business & Community Reference Guide for in and around Crawley 2008/09, Wealden Marketing, 2008, p. 85
  123. ^ Golden Gatwick—50 Years of Aviation, Chapter 8
  124. ^ "Gatwick introduces COVID-19 protective measures with guidance for passengers and staff to protect each other - as it prepares to reopen its North Terminal to accommodate more flights". www.mediacentre.gatwickairport.com. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  125. ^ "Gatwick Airport's South Terminal reopens after pandemic closure". BBC News. Tunbridge Wells: BBC English Regions. 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 29 March 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
  126. ^ Above Us The Skies: The Story of BAA – 1991 (Michael Donne – BAA plc), p. 15
  127. ^ Gatwick Airport: The first 50 years, Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2014, p. 101
  128. ^ "Five Fast Facts about the IAF Pedestrian Walkway". Port of Seattle. Archived from the original on 12 July 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
  129. ^ Gatwick Airport: The first 50 years, Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2014, p. 129
  130. ^ "4)GATW~1". Airports International. November 2011. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  131. ^ "Major opens Gatwick North Terminal extension". BB. 17 November 2011. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  132. ^ "Airlines to operate out of single terminals at London Gatwick (> Media centre > Press releases)". Gatwick Airport. 23 January 2015. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  133. ^ "Gatwick moves airline reshuffle to early 2017 (> News)". Business Traveller. 11 February 2016. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  134. ^ "Some airlines have moved (> At the airport > Flying in > Some airlines are moving)". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  135. ^ gatwickairport.com - Flight Timetables Archived 18 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 8 October 2016
  136. ^ "Aegean Airlines Increases London Heathrow Service in NS24". AeroRoutes.
  137. ^ "Air China 2Q25 Beijing – London Gatwick Service Changes – 09DEC24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  138. ^ "Air China NW24 Beijing – London Gatwick Service Changes".
  139. ^ "Air India 4Q24 UK Service Increases". Aeroroutes.
  140. ^ a b c d e f "UK NW23 Network Additions/Removals Summary – 29OCT23".
  141. ^ aviation.direct - "Air Peace announces Lagos-London (Gatwick)" (German) 20 February 2024
  142. ^ "Atlantic Airways apre i voli tra Londra Gatwick e Faroe/Vagar". 8 January 2024.
  143. ^ "UK NS24 Network Additions – 14APR24".
  144. ^ "Azores Airlines Schedules Ponta Delgada – London Gatwick Route in NS24". AeroRoutes. Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  145. ^ "BA returns to Stansted with three routes".
  146. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "BA EuroFlyer NW24 Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  147. ^ a b c "British Airways NW24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 27OCT24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  148. ^ a b c "BA EuroFlyer April 2023 Network". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  149. ^ Brandler, Hannah (5 March 2024). "British Airways unveils cabin upgrades, free messaging and route resumptions to Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok". Business Traveller.
  150. ^ "British Airways ups Gatwick-Bangkok frequency". 9 August 2024.
  151. ^ "British Airways Increases London Gatwick – Cancun Service in NS25". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  152. ^ "British Airways programa nova rota entre Londres Gatwick e a ilha da Madeira". 27 December 2023.
  153. ^ "British Airways NS22 Gatwick Short-Haul Network - 31MAR22 Update". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  154. ^ a b c "British Airways NS23 Intercontinental service Changes – 24AUG22". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  155. ^ "British Airways NW24 Intercontinental Network Changes". AeroRoutes. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  156. ^ "British Airways Resumes London Gatwick – Jersey From late-May 2024". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  157. ^ a b c d "British Airways NS24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 31MAR24". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  158. ^ "News for Airlines, Airports and the Aviation Industry | CAPA".
  159. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "BA EuroFlyer April 2023 Network". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  160. ^ "British Airways NW24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 10APR24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  161. ^ a b c d e f g "British Airways NS24 Gatwick / Heathrow European Frequency Changes – 21JAN24". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  162. ^ "British Airways NS23 London Gatwick - Americas Service Adjustment". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  163. ^ "News for Airlines, Airports and the Aviation Industry | CAPA".
  164. ^ "BA CityFlyer Adds Edinburgh - London Gatwick Seasonal Service in NS24". AeroRoutes. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  165. ^ "British Airways Adds Five New Short-Haul Services to Its London Gatwick Network". 4 January 2023. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  166. ^ "BA Euroflyer to operate flights to Lapland and Larnaca this winter".
  167. ^ "British Airways NS23 London Gatwick Short-Haul Additions". Aeroroutes.com. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  168. ^ "British Airways apre su Salerno nel 2025" [British Airways to open on Salerno in 2025]. italiavola.com (in Italian). 26 November 2024.
  169. ^ "China Eastern Resumes Shanghai – London Gatwick Service From late-June 2023". Aeroroutes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  170. ^ "China Southern Adds Guangzhou – London Gatwick From late-June 2024". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  171. ^ "News for Airlines, Airports and the Aviation Industry | CAPA". centreforaviation.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  172. ^ "China Southern 4Q23 London Network Expansion". AeroRoutes. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  173. ^ "Corendon Airlines adds Crete to summer 2024 programme".
  174. ^ "Delta NW23 Intercontinental Network Adjustment - 29OCT23". AeroRoutes. 31 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  175. ^ "easyJet aprirà base a Milano Linate e riaprirà quella di Roma Fiumicino" [Easyjet to open new bases [...]]. italiavola.com (in Italian). 28 November 2024.
  176. ^ "Easyjet startet mit drei Routen am Flughafen Düsseldorf". aerotelegraph.com. 7 November 2024.
  177. ^ "Italie, Espagne, Angleterre... EasyJet revient à l'aéroport de Strasbourg et crée quatre nouvelles lignes". 6 November 2024.
  178. ^ Orban, André (13 July 2023). "easyJet to start direct flights from London Gatwick and Manchester to Kittilä Airport in November". Aviation24.be. Archived from the original on 14 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
  179. ^ "EasyJet to serve Luxor for first time in more than a decade".
  180. ^ "easyJet NS25 Network Additions – 19NOV24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  181. ^ "EasyJet to launch flights and holidays to Cape Verde next summer".
  182. ^ "Aeroporto Salerno, in vendita sulla App di EasyJet i biglietti per i voli da metà luglio". 29 February 2024.
  183. ^ Ltd, Jacobs Media Group. "EasyJet to start serving Skiathos next summer". Travel Weekly. Archived from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  184. ^ "EasyJet establishes itself in Norway". The Avinor Group. 11 June 2024.
  185. ^ "Emirates ramps up operations to London Gatwick with a third daily A380 service - Air Cargo Week". December 2022.
  186. ^ Liu, Jim (8 November 2024). "Emirates NW24 Operation Changes – 08NOV24". Aeroroutes.com. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  187. ^ "ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES RESUMES LONDON GATWICK SERVICE FROM LATE-NOV 2023". Aeroroutes. 3 August 2023. Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  188. ^ "Prempeh I International Airport begins direct London-Kumasi flights on December 3". Modern Ghana. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  189. ^ "Fly Erbil Schedules London Gatwick late-May 2024 Launch". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  190. ^ "Iberia Express Expands NW22 Madrid – London Gatwick Capacity". Aeroroutes.
  191. ^ Liu, Jim. "Icelandair NS24 International Peak Season Service Changes – 20OCT23". Aeroroutes.com. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  192. ^ "JetBlue trims London, Paris, and New York-LaGuardia service; doubles down on San Juan". MSN. 8 May 2024. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  193. ^ "JetBlue NW24 Network Changes – 24JUL24".
  194. ^ "Kenya Airways Adds London Gatwick Service From July 2025". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  195. ^ "New airline replacing Air Malta to fly on March 31, 2024". Times of Malta. 2 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  196. ^ "Norse Atlantic Airways". Norse Atlantic Airways. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  197. ^ "NORSE ATLANTIC UK SCHEDULES SEP 2024 LAS VEGAS LAUNCH". 28 March 2024.
  198. ^ a b c "Norse Atlantic NS25 Preliminary Operations – 23JUL24".
  199. ^ "Norse Atlantic UK NW24 London – New York Availability Variations – 23JUN24".
  200. ^ "Norse Atlantic Airways Introduces New Route Between London Gatwick and Cape Town". 8 April 2024.
  201. ^ "Our Destinations". Norwegian Air. Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  202. ^ a b "Norwegian NS25 Network Additions – 08DEC24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  203. ^ "Norwegian Air to start Gatwick-Gothenburg service".
  204. ^ "(+) Lanserer to nye internasjonale direkteruter". 27 June 2024.
  205. ^ "Norwegian legger ned flyrute etter to måneder". 8 November 2024.
  206. ^ "Norwegian starter "nissefly" fra London og München". 6 May 2024.
  207. ^ "RAM onthult "uitzonderlijk" zomervluchtschema". MarokkoNU.nl (in Dutch). 27 March 2023. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  208. ^ "Saudia NS24 London Gatwick Service Changes – 02JAN24". AeroRoutes.
  209. ^ "Singapore Airlines to launch London Gatwick service". Business Traveller. 18 December 2023.
  210. ^ "SkyAlps atterrera' a Londra Gatwick da meta' aprile". 6 February 2024.
  211. ^ a b "Book cheap flights & fly to top destinations | sunexpress.com". SunExpress EN. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  212. ^ "SunExpress Schedules Izmir – London July 2023 Launch".
  213. ^ "SWISS Adds London Gatwick Service from April 2024". AeroRoutes. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  214. ^ a b c d "Flight Timetable". TUI.
  215. ^ "Tui River Cruises unveils summer 2024 programme". Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  216. ^ a b c "Flight Timetable". tui.co.uk.
  217. ^ "TUI FILES UK – GOA MANOHAR SCHEDULE IN NW23". Aeroroutes. 18 May 2023. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  218. ^ "A new airline and more direct routes – what's in store for UK to Caribbean flights?".
  219. ^ "Crystal Ski Holidays, part of TUI, launches ski trips with direct flights from London Gatwick to Sälen Trysil". scandinavianmountains.se. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  220. ^ "Billet avion pas cher Tunisie : Billet avion Tunisie, compagnie aerienne Tunisair". Tunisair.com. 23 February 2018. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  221. ^ "JetBlue Expands Turkish Airlines Codeshare Service from August 2024".
  222. ^ "Turkmenistan Airlines NS24 London Gatwick Operations – 17MAR24". AeroRoutes. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
  223. ^ "Uzbekistan Airways Adds London Gatwick From April 2024". AeroRoutes. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  224. ^ "Volotea lance une ligne régulière entre Brest et Londres dès cet automne - France Bleu". 18 June 2024.
  225. ^ "Volotea adds a new route linking Strasbourg with London Gatwick". World Airline News. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  226. ^ "Vueling Files Barcelona A321neo Network in 4Q24".
  227. ^ "Granada recupera la conexión aérea con Londres". 18 January 2024.
  228. ^ a b "WestJet NS24 Long-Haul Network Expansion".
  229. ^ "Wizz Air is to start serving Jeddah in Saudi Arabia from Gatwick". travelweekly. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  230. ^ "Wizz Air to base first ever A321XLR at Gatwick for launch of direct Jeddah route". airlinergs. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  231. ^ "Wizz Air adds Prague and Hurghada to Gatwick network". Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  232. ^ "Wizz Air Launches New Direct Flight from London Gatwick to Varna, Bulgaria - Travel and Tour World". 14 May 2024.
  233. ^ "Gatwick sets new global passenger record for a single runway airport, underlining expansion case" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. 13 January 2016. Archived from the original on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  234. ^ Calder, Simon (23 April 2016). "Gatwick gears up for the big switch". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 24 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  235. ^ "Norwegian strengthens London Gatwick & Singapore Changi LCC hub position: long haul low cost Part 2 – Gatwick and Changi are both major LCC hubs". CAPA Centre for Aviation. 27 April 2017. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  236. ^ House of Commons Transport Committee (February 2008). The Future of BAA: Fourth Report of Session 2007–08 (Report). The Stationery Office. Ev. 112. ISBN 978-0-215-51413-4.
  237. ^ V, Manju (13 May 2017). "Now, Mumbai world's busiest airport with only one runway". The Times of India. Mumbai. Archived from the original on 13 May 2017. Retrieved 13 May 2017.
  238. ^ a b "Annual airport data 2023". www.caa.co.uk. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  239. ^ Golden Gatwick—50 Years of Aviation, Chapter 9
  240. ^ Gatwick Airport: The first 50 years, Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2014, pp. 86, 158
  241. ^ Gatwick Airport: The first 50 years, Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2014, pp. 158/9
  242. ^ "Airport Profile: Brief History". Ukaccs.info. Archived from the original on 23 March 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  243. ^ Golden Gatwick—50 Years of Aviation, Chapter 9 & 10
  244. ^ Golden Gatwick—50 Years of Aviation, Chapter 10
  245. ^ The Gatwick Express, p. 42
  246. ^ "Aircraft and passenger traffic data from UK airports". UK Civil Aviation Authority. 11 March 2017. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
  247. ^ "Gatwick's busiest ever December closes record-breaking year as 45.6m passengers travel through in 2017" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. 12 January 2018. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  248. ^ "Q4 Passenger Figures: Record-breaking start to 2019 at Gatwick". 16 April 2019. Archived from the original on 22 September 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  249. ^ "Access Gatwick" (PDF). Gatwick Airport. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  250. ^ "Gatwick Airport Railway Station". Railway Technology. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  251. ^ "Our History". Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  252. ^ "Travelling with contactless and Oyster between Gatwick Airport and London". Southern Railway. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  253. ^ "Gatwick and Surrey stations to accept Oyster cards and contactless payments". ITV News. Whiteley: ITN. Archived from the original on 16 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  254. ^ a b Hudson, Kenneth (22 November 1984). "Airports and Airfields". Industrial history from the air. Cambridge University Press. pp. 111–115. ISBN 978-0-521-25333-8. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  255. ^ "Bombardier Signs 32 Million Euro Contract for Automated People Mover System at London Gatwick Airport, United Kingdom; New APM Will Replace Existing Inter-Terminal Transit System Previously Supplied by Bombardier" (Press release). Bombardier. 19 December 2007. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  256. ^ "Gatwick transit closed". UK Airport News. 29 September 2009. Archived from the original on 15 October 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  257. ^ "London Gatwick – we have lift on!" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 3 August 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  258. ^ "1979 Gatwick Airport runway agreement" (PDF). Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  259. ^ Calder, Simon (18 October 2018). "Could Gatwick Launch Extra Runway Before Heathrow In The Airport Expansion Race?". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  260. ^ "Gatwick Airport announces second runway plan". BBC News. 23 July 2013. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
  261. ^ "Airports Commission report: Gatwick & Heathrow on shortlist for expansion". The Crawley News. 17 December 2013. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  262. ^ "interim master plan (Gatwick Interim Master Plan – October 2006)" (PDF). 15 August 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  263. ^ Draft Gatwick Master Plan (A single runway airport – 2030: 10.2.14 Aprons and piers and Figure A.12, p. 93 and Appendix A – Drawings), Gatwick Airport, West Sussex, 13 October 2011.
  264. ^ Tute, Ryan (7 March 2018). "Firm pitches "an M25 for high-speed trains" to pass through Heathrow and Gatwick". Infrastructure Intelligence. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  265. ^ Paton, Graeme (20 July 2018). "M25-style railway takes you from Gatwick to Heathrow in 15 mins". The Times. London. ISSN 0140-0460. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
  266. ^ Grafton-Green, Patrick (21 July 2018). "New M25-style railway takes you from Gatwick to Heathrow in 15 minutes". Evening Standard. London. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  267. ^ "Airport expansion: What happens next?". BBC News. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
  268. ^ "Airports Commission's findings simply don't add up" (Press release). Gatwick Airport. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
  269. ^ "Digital Exhibition - Gatwick Airport Virtual Exhibition". 3DW. Archived from the original on 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  270. ^ "Proposed Northern Runway Works for Gatwick Airport expansion". Sussex Transport Projects. 9 September 2021. Archived from the original on 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  271. ^ "Gatwick Airport's Highway Improvements". Sussex Transport Projects. 10 September 2021. Archived from the original on 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  272. ^ Kaminski-Morrow, David (6 July 2023). "London Gatwick proposes realignment of northern runway for routine operations". Flight Global. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  273. ^ "The Gatwick Accident, Commercial Aviation". Flight: 327. 24 September 1936. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  274. ^ "Gatwick and Mirabella, Commercial Aviation". Flight: 420. 22 October 1936. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  275. ^ "The Crawley Accident, Commercial Aviation". Flight: 590. 20 November 1936. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  276. ^ "1959: Turkish leader involved in fatal crash". BBC News. 17 February 1979. Archived from the original on 21 February 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  277. ^ a b "Major Incidents". Surrey Constabulary History. Robert Bartlett. Archived from the original on 10 May 2009.
  278. ^ "Ministry of Aviation – Civil Aircraft Accident: Report on the Accident to Vickers Viscount 794 TC-SEV at London (Gatwick) Airport on 17 February 1959". Gatwick Aviation Society. Archived from the original on 16 December 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  279. ^ "Accident Database query – Ariana Afghan Airlines". Airdisaster.com. 5 January 1969. Archived from the original on 11 August 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  280. ^ "Ariana 727 Accident Cause, World News". Flight International. 3 September 1970. p. 329. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  281. ^ "Board of Trade – Civil Aircraft Accident: Report on the Accident to Boeing 727-113C YA-FAR 1.5 miles east of London (Gatwick) Airport on 5 January 1969". Gatwick Aviation Society. Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  282. ^ Classic Airliner (VC10 – The story of a classic jet airliner: Disposal of British Caledonian VC10s), p. 60, Key Publishing, Stamford, 2015
  283. ^ "A little 'VC10'derness—Individual Histories: G-ARTA". Vc10.net. Archived from the original on 18 October 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  284. ^ "ASN Aircraft incident description Vickers VC-10-1109 G-ARTA—London Gatwick Airport (LGW)". Aviation-safety.net. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  285. ^ "Report No: 4/1977. Report on the accident to Handley Page Herald Series 201, G-APWF at Gatwick Airport, 20 July 1975". UK AAIB. Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
  286. ^ Kaminski-Morrow, David (20 October 2015). "Virgin 747 gear jammed after actuator fitted upside-down". Flight Global. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  287. ^ "Police 'could shoot down' Gatwick drone". BBC News. Tunbridge Wells: BBC English Regions. 20 December 2018. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  288. ^ "Drones ground flights at Gatwick". BBC News. 20 December 2018. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  289. ^ "Gatwick Airport: Army called in amid drone chaos". BBC News. 20 December 2018. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  290. ^ "Gatwick runway reopens after drone chaos". BBC News. 21 December 2018. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  291. ^ "Gatwick drone arrests: two people held over disruption of airport". The Guardian. London. 22 December 2018. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  292. ^ "Two arrested in drone disruption at Gatwick" (Press release). Sussex Police. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  293. ^ Evans, Martin; Lyons, Izzy; Hymas, Charles (23 December 2018). "Gatwick drone: Arrested couple are released without charge - as £50k reward is offered to catch culprit". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  294. ^ Dunford, Mark (5 May 2021). "Airbus' engine malfunction after takeoff from London Gatwick Airport 'could have had a catastrophic outcome', says chief". The Crawley Observer. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2021.

Bibliography

  • Gwynne, Peter. (1990) A History of Crawley (2nd Edition) Philmore. ISBN 0-85033-718-6
  • King, John, with Tait, Geoff, (1980) Golden Gatwick – 50 Years of Aviation, British Airports Authority.
  • King, John, (1986) Gatwick – The Evolution of an Airport, Gatwick Airport Ltd. and Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society. ISBN 0-9512036-0-6
  • Bain, Gordon, (1994), Gatwick Airport, Airlife Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-85310-468-X
  • Tait, Geoffrey, (1984), The Gatwick Express, G. Tait & Associates Ltd. ISBN 0-95088-020-5
  • Eglin, Roger; Ritchie, Berry (1980). Fly me, I'm Freddie. London, UK: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-77746-7.
  • Thomson, Adam (1999). High Risk: The Politics of the Air. London, UK: Sidgwick and Jackson. ISBN 0-283-99599-8.
  • Simons, Graham M. (1993). The Spirit of Dan-Air. Peterborough, UK: GMS Enterprises. ISBN 1-870384-20-2.
  • Simons, Graham M. (1999). It was nice to fly with friends! The story of Air Europe. Peterborough, UK: GMS Enterprises. ISBN 1-870384-69-5.
  • Branson, Richard (2006). Losing my Virginity – The Autobiography (2nd reprint ed.). London, UK: Virgin Books Ltd. ISBN 0-7535-1020-0.
  • Financial Times, 26 October 2007. London, UK: UK Edition.
  • Skyport – Gatwick edition (Dixon, A., "Second runway plans to remain grounded", pp. 1, 3). Hounslow, UK. 26 February 2010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Financial Times, 10 February 2010. London, UK: UK Edition.
  • Wood, Alan. "Hoping for a Junkers: More Recollections on Prewar Airline Exploits From a Fledgling Gatwick Airport". Air Enthusiast, No. 83, September–October 1999, pp. 52–57. ISSN 0143-5450
  • Woodley, Charles (2014). Gatwick Airport: The First 50 Years. Stroud, UK: History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-5797-7.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to London Gatwick Airport.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Gatwick Airport.
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya