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of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as genetic drift and natural selection act on genetic...

an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) and an evolutionarily stable state are closely linked but describe different situations. In an evolutionarily stable...

Evolutionary biology is a subfield of biology that analyzes the four mechanisms of evolution: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow...

An evolutionary debunking, sometimes referred to as an evolutionary debunking argument or evolutionary debunking thesis, is a philosophical argument which...

An evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) is a population of organisms that is considered distinct for purposes of conservation. Delineating ESUs is important...

convergence stability. While related to the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), evolutionarily stable states are not identical and the two terms...

A weak evolutionarily stable strategy (WESS) is a more broad form of evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). Like ESS, a WESS is able to defend against an...

civilization nor an arbitrary social invention. Sociopathy may represent an evolutionarily stable strategy, by which a small number of people who cheat on social...

evolutionary biology. An important concept of evolutionary game theory as applied in biology is the evolutionarily stable strategy or ESS. This is important...

The High Evolutionary (Herbert Edgar Wyndham) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is depicted as...

satisfying varies between individuals, and theories about the biological and evolutionary functions of orgasm differ. In a clinical context, orgasm is usually...

(1985) On evolutionarily stable sets. Journal of Mathematical Biology 22: 105–115. Balkenborg, D. & Schlag, K. H. (2001) Evolutionarily stable sets...

Evolutionary epistemology refers to three distinct topics: (1) the biological evolution of cognitive mechanisms in animals and humans, (2) a theory that...

Metz, J.A.J. (1998). "Evolutionarily singular strategies and the adaptive growth and branching of the evolutionary tree". Evolutionary Ecology. 12 (1): 35–57...

Evolutionary computation (EC) from computer science is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and a subfield...

the equations are evolutionarily stable states. A strategy which can survive all "mutant" strategies is considered evolutionarily stable. In the context...

Evolutionary ethics is a field of inquiry that explores how evolutionary theory might bear on our understanding of ethics or morality. The range of issues...

Evolutionary systems are a type of system, which reproduce with mutation whereby the most fit elements survive, and the less fit die down. One of the developers...

Evolutionary linguistics or Darwinian linguistics is a sociobiological approach to the study of language. Evolutionary linguists consider linguistics as...

Evolutionary theodicies are responses to the question of animal suffering as an aspect of the problem of evil. These theodicies assert that a universe...

Fishes of the World. While it is generally structured so as to reflect evolutionary relationships (similar to a cladogram), it also retains the traditional...

selection, such as an evolutionarily stable strategy, other possibilities are available. Because identification of an evolutionary attractor on its own...

a plot that indicates the local rates of evolutionary changes. This approach identifies the Evolutionarily Constrained Regions in a protein, which are...

character states – provides the evidence to support hypotheses about evolutionarily divergent lineages that have maintained their hereditary integrity through...

In evolutionary biology, an evolutionary tradeoff is a situation in which evolution cannot advance one part of a biological system without distressing...

Evolutionary economics is a school of economic thought that is inspired by evolutionary biology. Although not defined by a strict set of principles and...

An evolutionary lineage is a temporal series of populations, organisms, cells, or genes connected by a continuous line of descent from ancestor to descendant...

Evolutionary baggage is the part of the genome of a population that was advantageous in past individuals but is disadvantageous under the pressures exerted...

during the Paleoproterozoic, likely as flagellated cells. The leading evolutionary theory is they were created by symbiogenesis between an anaerobic Promethearchaeota...

Evolutionary finance is an approach to studying finance that uses random dynamical systems theory to examine financial markets where there are complex...

The concept of the three great evolutionary faunas of marine animals from the Cambrian to the present (that is, the entire Phanerozoic) was introduced...

extensive lateral bending and facilitate more dorso-ventral bending. These evolutionary modifications make the spine more flexible but weaker than the spines...

Evolutionary algorithms (EA) reproduce essential elements of biological evolution in a computer algorithm in order to solve "difficult" problems, at least...

from nonexistent to the prolonged care provided by social insects. The evolutionary ancestry of arthropods dates back to the Cambrian period. The group is...

unwittingly invest their resources into offspring of another male and, evolutionarily speaking, should be avoided. The most researched human penis adaptations...

Jerry O.; Sherman, Paul W. (eds.). Rodent Societies: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective. University of Chicago Press. pp. 117–119. ISBN 978-0-226-90538-9...

Evolutionary psychology seeks to identify and understand human psychological traits that have evolved in much the same way as biological traits, through...

the original on 2017-04-18. Retrieved 2017-04-17. Hemmer, H. (1978). "Evolutionary systematics of living Felidae – present status and current problems"...

Evolutionary anachronism, also known as "ecological anachronism", is a term initially referring to attributes of certain plant species that possess traits...

atavus—a great-great-great-grandfather or, more generally, an ancestor. Evolutionarily traits that have disappeared phenotypically do not necessarily disappear...

ones that would be maintained by evolutionary forces. The best-known equilibrium in biology is known as the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), first introduced...

Evolutionary Phonology is an approach to phonology and historical linguistics, based on the idea that recurrent synchronic sound patterns, if not inherited...

paraphyletic with regard to other frog lineages. The six families in the more evolutionarily advanced suborder Mesobatrachia are the fossorial Megophryidae, Pelobatidae...

all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. The evolutionary split between placentals and marsupials occurred 125–160 million years...

Evolutionary epidemiology consists in simultaneously analysing how parasites spread and evolve. Paul W. Ewald (6 January 1994). Evolution of Infectious...

sequence of the wild two-humped camel (Camelus bactrianus ferus): an evolutionary history of Camelidae". BMC Genomics. 8 (1): 241. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-241...

MacDonald, a white supremacist and retired professor of evolutionary psychology, claims that evolutionary psychology provides the motivations behind Jewish...

Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population...

minds are certain aspects or features of some material objects. The evolutionary history of the mind is tied to the development of nervous systems, which...

Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms...

analyze archaeological remains from an evolutionary perspective: evolutionary archaeology and behavioral (or evolutionary) ecology. The former assumes that...

usually prioritized after one's physiological and safety needs are met. Evolutionary psychology has attempted to provide various reasons for love as a survival...

theory about life's origins". ID presents two main arguments against evolutionary explanations: irreducible complexity and specified complexity, asserting...

literature there primarily discusses the preference for traits that are evolutionarily desirable, such as physical symmetry, waist-to-chest ratio, and waist-to-hip...

Hofreiter, Michael (23 August 2021). "Ecological Specialization and Evolutionary Reticulation in Extant Hyaenidae". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38...

humans but even some non-mammalian species are conscious, a number of evolutionary approaches to the problem of neural correlates of consciousness open...

Evolutionary medicine or Darwinian medicine is the application of modern evolutionary theory to understanding health and disease. Modern biomedical research...

hosts and "bats were colonized several times independently, unless the evolutionary origin of bats has been grossly underestimated". No analysis has provided...

evolution and maintenance of the arboreal life form. The resulting evolutionarily stable growth pattern maximizes the competitive ability of the individual...

S2CID 4371413. Berta, A.; Morgan, C.; Boessenecker, R.W. (2018). "The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses". Annual Review...

phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or taxa during a specific time. In other...

positioned near the back of the molar row, and this suggests a separate evolutionary history and an order-level distinction. In addition, phylogenetic analysis...

genetically diverged about 250,000 years ago. The red panda's place on the evolutionary tree has been debated, but modern genetic evidence places it in close...

conservation initiative that focuses on species deemed to be the world's most Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) species. Developed by the Zoological...

2022). "Cutting the long branches: Consilience as a path to unearth the evolutionary history of Gnetales". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10 1082639...

An evolutionary radiation is an increase in taxonomic diversity that is caused by elevated rates of speciation, that may or may not be associated with...

Shimada, Kenshu; Field, Daniel J.; Smaers, Jeroen B. (March 2019). "Evolutionary pathways toward gigantism in sharks and rays". Evolution. 73 (3): 588–599...

for example, argues that music is merely "auditory cheesecake"—it was evolutionarily adaptive to have a preference for fat and sugar but cheesecake did not...

molecular clock does not hold, so it is necessary to assume models of how evolutionary rates change along lineages. These assumptions alone can make substantial...

Evolutionary design, continuous design, evolutive design, incremental design or evolutionary architecture is directly related to any modular design application...

as molecular phylogenetics, which are effective at demonstrating the evolutionary relationships between taxa. Humans make use of many other animal species...

Linnaeus, Cuvier, Gray and Groves", Taxonomic Tapestries, The Threads of Evolutionary, Behavioural and Conservation Research, ANU Press, pp. 299–320, ISBN 978-1-925022-36-0...

of evolutionary thought extends from antiquity to contemporary developments including the modern evolutionary synthesis, the extended evolutionary synthesis...

at the Nuremberg trials, 18 April 1946 Several theories concern the evolutionary origins of warfare. There are two main schools: One sees organized warfare...

help disseminate seeds. Sexual reproduction between plants results in evolutionary adaptation, which improves species survival. Plants favour cross-pollination...

Evolutionary mismatch (also "mismatch theory" or "evolutionary trap") is the evolutionary biology concept that a previously advantageous trait may become...

inferential and attributional biases as these influence academic learning in evolutionarily novel cultural contexts, such as schools and the industrial workplace...

gibbons in comparison to their close relatives, which is critical for evolutionary development. The very high rate of chromosomal disorder and rearrangements...

of description (1.7 to 2.1 million). This immense diversity led the evolutionary biologist J. B. S. Haldane to quip, when some theologians asked him what...

The evolutionary argument against naturalism (EAAN) is a philosophical argument asserting a problem with believing both evolution and philosophical naturalism...

valve the right. Many bivalves such as clams, which appear upright, are evolutionarily lying on their side. The shell is composed of two calcareous valves...

strongly degenerate and have lost many characters over time." Conventional evolutionary taxonomy groups extant vertebrates into seven classes based on traditional...

shared characteristics. Modern approaches prioritize common ancestry and evolutionary relationships. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon), and...

cost to produce or maintain, suggesting complex evolutionary implications, but the costs and evolutionary implications vary from species to species. The...

end. The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life using reducing agents such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide...

genera, with firs and larches, form the pinoid clade of the Pinaceae. The evolutionary history of the genus Pinus has been complicated by hybridisation. Pines...

confer some advantage to its host in order to persist and continue to be evolutionarily viable. Research has been conducted using aphids and the symbiotic bacteria...

trees can be used to infer the evolutionary history of populations. The classic example of this is in human evolutionary genetics, where the molecular...

Ornithologists' Union recognizes six genera and eighteen species: Although the evolutionary and biogeographic history of Sphenisciformes is well-researched, many...

Ecology and evolutionary biology is an interdisciplinary field of study concerning interactions between organisms and their ever-changing environment,...

("apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide") is a family of evolutionarily conserved cytidine deaminases. A mechanism of generating protein diversity...

the set of evolutionarily stable states of the population. In general nondegenerate cases, there can be at most one interior evolutionary stable state...

goes on. This social constructionist theory thus allows for a needful evolutionary adjustment. A mathematical theory of perception-in-action has been devised...

Non-homologous isofunctional enzymes (NISEs) refer to any set of evolutionarily unrelated enzymes that catalyze the same chemical reaction. Enzymes that...

spines and chemicals. Sometimes predator and prey find themselves in an evolutionary arms race, a cycle of adaptations and counter-adaptations. Predation...

ecosystems. Subdisciplines include molecular biology, physiology, ecology, evolutionary biology, developmental biology, and systematics, among others. Each of...

feminists argue that progressive politics deny biologically based, evolutionarily determined differences between men and women. Many reactionary feminists...

practically no relevance to the questionably meaningful concept of evolutionarily degenerate populations that have lost ancestral functions. Examples...

management, conservation, and ecotourism. Apex predators have a long evolutionary history, dating at least to the Cambrian period when animals such as...

Wakefield's influential 'Harmful Dysfunction' definition of disorder utilises evolutionarily selected effects to ground the concept of 'dysfunction' in the objective...

generations in the heritable characteristics of biological populations. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organization...

developed through art, combined with logic may have given early humans an evolutionary advantage. Evidence of humans engaging in musical activities predates...

naturalist Charles Darwin that is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. It was published on 24 November 1859. Darwin's book introduced...

moral codes from a philosophy of utilitarianism, ethical naturalism, or evolutionary ethics, and some advocate a science of morality. Humanists International...

assemblages may represent a "museum": a deep-water ecosystem that is evolutionarily "behind" the rapidly diversifying fauna of shallower waters. Because...

explanations of technological change that draw on mechanisms from evolutionary biology. Evolutionary biology was originally described in On the Origin of Species...

(7): 570–581. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0570:HSIDAA]2.0.CO;2. Evolutionarily speaking, insects have responded to selective pressure from bats with...

A protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins. In many cases, a protein family has a corresponding gene family, in which each gene encodes...

Evolutionary thought, the recognition that species change over time and the perceived understanding of how such processes work, has roots in antiquity...

pure strategies. Either the pure, or mixed, Nash equilibria will be evolutionarily stable strategies depending upon whether uncorrelated asymmetries exist...

sexual arousal for potential mates in cross-cultural studies. Similar evolutionary stimuli may also have resulted in novel structures such as the pseudo-penis...

Lagomorpha in 1855, and this name was solidified as an order in 1912. The evolutionary history of the lagomorphs is still not well understood. In the late 20th...

substance addiction suggests that psychoactive drugs act on ancient and evolutionarily conserved neural mechanisms associated with positive emotions that evolved...

Evolutionary anthropology, the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology and human behaviour and of the relation between hominids and...

Some scientists believed that modern ungulates were descended from an evolutionary grade of mammals known as the condylarths. The earliest known member...

molds revealed that this seemingly non-cooperative trait is actually an evolutionarily stable strategy, challenging previous assumptions about social behavior...

progress at the same time." and "This process may be described as an 'evolutionary acquisition' or 'incremental build' approach." In software, the relationship...

research since 1997 has radically changed scientists' views about the evolutionary family tree of the annelids, most textbooks use the traditional classification...

Natural Selection: A Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought is a 1966 book by the American evolutionary biologist George C. Williams. Williams, in...

they are probably no older than late Tertiary. Some evidence of early evolutionary history is the structure of the antennal heart, a separate circulatory...

Evolutionary music is the audio counterpart to evolutionary art, whereby algorithmic music is created using an evolutionary algorithm. The process begins...

Evolutionary programming is an evolutionary algorithm, where a share of new population is created by mutation of previous population without crossover...

additional associated cognitive activity within anxiety. Evolutionary psychiatry and evolutionary psychology interpret anxiety as an evolved defenses that...

concurrently with language to make reliance on "cheap signals" (words) an evolutionarily stable strategy. The animistic nature of early human language could...

this world of Inconscience and Ignorance." Sri Aurobindo believed that evolutionary theories merely describe the phenomenon of the emergence of life from...

The model was originally formulated by John Maynard Smith; a mixed evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) was determined by Bishop & Cannings. An example...

the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family and is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. It also promotes the activation of insulin...

reactions Sharma, Prashant P.; Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2025-01-28). "The Evolutionary Biology of Chelicerata". Annual Review of Entomology. 70 (1): 143–163...

Evolutionary tinkering is an explanation of how evolution happens in nature. It explains that evolution works as a tinkerer who experiments with miscellaneous...

asellote isopod crustaceans". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 25 (4): 257–280. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.1987.tb00608.x. Wilson...

Pedemontana (northern hemp - fiber) Chinensis (northern hemp - fiber) In 1785, evolutionary biologist Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck published a description of a second...

host plant supplies food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The...

The evolutionary history of the primates can be traced back 57-90 million years. One of the oldest known primate-like mammal species, Plesiadapis, came...

ISBN 978-0-7614-7270-4. Hall, B. K. (2005). Bones and Cartilage: Developmental and Evolutionary Skeletal Biology. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Academic Press. pp...

simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (1): 224. Bibcode:2007BMCEE...7..224S. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-224...

Modern synthesis or modern evolutionary synthesis refers to several perspectives on evolutionary biology, namely: Modern synthesis (20th century), the...

and thus the most primitive members of this relationship complex. The evolutionary development of Perissodactyla is well documented in the fossil record...

results in augmented aggressive behavior in hamsters, while lesions of an evolutionarily homologous area in the lizard greatly reduce competitive drive and aggression...

dichotomy of megabats and microbats did not accurately reflect their evolutionary relationships. Instead of Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera, the study's...

Evolutionary developmental robotics (evo-devo-robo for short) refers to methodologies that systematically integrate evolutionary robotics, epigenetic robotics...

Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases is a peer-reviewed scientific journal...

No. 22 of the 100 EDGE mammal species worldwide considered the most evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered. The taxonomy of slender lorises in...

characteristic forward curve over the back and always ending with a stinger. The evolutionary history of scorpions goes back to the Silurian Period, approximately...

separate phylum. It is difficult to reconstruct the early stages in the evolutionary "family tree" of animals using only morphology (their shapes and structures)...

The ovulatory shift hypothesis asserts that human women experience evolutionarily adaptive changes in subconscious thoughts and behaviors related to mating...

de Roode JC, Gerardo NM (May 2011). "Non-immunological defense in an evolutionary framework". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 26 (5): 242–48. Bibcode:2011TEcoE...

Adapting Minds: Evolutionary Psychology and the Persistent Quest for Human Nature is a book published by MIT Press written by philosopher of science David...

(including the dentary, articular, angular, surangular and others). In the evolutionary line of mammals these jaw bones other than the dentary were reduced in...

have better domain-general cognition than others? A meta-analysis". Evolutionary Psychology. 4: 149–196. doi:10.1177/147470490600400114. S2CID 16702785...

Evolutionary robotics is an embodied approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) in which robots are automatically designed using Darwinian principles of...

term "divergent evolution", with its use becoming widespread in modern evolutionary literature. Examples of divergence in nature are the adaptive radiation...

theistic evolutionism or God-guided evolution, or alternatively called evolutionary creationism) is a view that God acts and creates through laws of nature...

and deserts throughout tropical and temperate parts of the world. The evolutionary relationships between the species have been studied in the past using...

sharks are almost identical in structure and are likely to have the same evolutionary origin. Indeed, teeth appear to have first evolved in sharks, and are...

supernova remnants. A stellar evolutionary model is a mathematical model that can be used to compute the evolutionary phases of a star from its formation...

Churchill, Morgan; Boessenecker, Robert W. (30 May 2018). "The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses". Annual Review...

humans (Homo sapiens). Bonobos and common chimpanzees show remarkable evolutionary stasis in musculoskeletal anatomy since their split from humans 8 million...

another animal, often via aggressive confrontations. The strategy is evolutionarily stable when stealing is less costly than direct predation, such as when...

play a crucial role in determining which Nash equilibria qualify as evolutionarily stable strategies (ESS) in coordination games and discoordination games...

Evolutionary therapy is a subfield of evolutionary medicine that utilizes concepts from evolutionary biology in management of diseases caused by evolving...

Evolutionary neuroscience is the scientific study of the evolution of nervous systems. Evolutionary neuroscientists investigate the evolution and natural...

albumins are called albuminoids. A number of blood transport proteins are evolutionarily related in the albumin family, including serum albumin, alpha-fetoprotein...

Bernstein is best known for his reformist challenge to Marxism known as evolutionary socialism or revisionism, in which he questioned the revolutionary predictions...

ethologists and evolutionary psychologists to apply tit-for-tat strategies to explain why altruism evolves in many animal communities. Evolutionary game theory...

Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33657-4.[page needed] Lee, C. E. (2002). Evolutionary genetics of invasive species. Trends in ecology & evolution, 17(8), 386-391...

game. The result is also an important aspect of modern-day inquiries in evolutionary game theory where the perturbed values are interpreted as distributions...

drives (motivations or instincts) that animals (including humans) are evolutionarily adapted to have, follow, and achieve: fighting, fleeing, feeding, fucking...

technique by both Hertzsprung and Russell earlier in the century. As evolutionary models of stars were developed during the 1930s, it was shown that, for...

interactions at cellular levels. Computational biology has assisted evolutionary biology by: Using DNA data to reconstruct the tree of life with computational...

integumentary structures found in vertebrates and an example of a complex evolutionary novelty. They are among the characteristics that distinguish the extant...

PMID 32043166. S2CID 211075031. Gunnell, G.; Rose, K. (2002). "Tarsiiformes: Evolutionary History and Adaptation". In Hartwig, W.C. (ed.). The Primate Fossil Record...

earliest Mysticeti fossils date to at least 34 million years ago. Their evolutionary link to archaic toothed cetaceans (Archaeoceti) remained unknown until...

Yao, X. (June 2024). "Multi-Objective Archiving". IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation. 28 (3): 696–717. doi:10.1109/TEVC.2023.3314152. The main...

Evolutionary Bioinformatics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal focusing on computational biology in the study of evolution. The journal...

configurations. Evolutionary game theory Cooperative game theory Hedonic games Subgame perfect equilibrium Repeated game Evolutionarily stable strategy...

signals" (e.g. words, where no actual resources are exchanged ) an evolutionarily stable strategy. Since the emergence of language lies so far back in...

due to shared ancestry, regardless of current functional differences. Evolutionary biology explains homologous structures as retained heredity from a common...

Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max...

Evolutionary toxicology is an emerging field of science focusing on shifts in population genetics caused by the introduction of contaminants to the environment...

genus should not be expanded needlessly. Distinctness – with respect to evolutionarily relevant criteria, i.e. ecology, morphology, or biogeography; DNA sequences...

Evolutionary rescue is a process by which a population—that would have gone extinct in the absence of evolution—persists due to natural selection acting...

been shown that unfair ZD strategies are not evolutionarily stable. The key intuition is that an evolutionarily stable strategy must not only be able to invade...

are a functional category and include several enzyme groups that are evolutionarily independent. Prenyltransferases are commonly divided into two classes...

and γραμμα gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show evolutionary relations (common descent) between groups of organisms. Cladograms are...

known as scallops and their allies. It is believed that they began evolutionarily in the late Middle Ordovician epoch; many species, of course, are still...

relatives. The fossa and the Malagasy civet (Fossa fossana) are each evolutionarily quite distinct from each other and from the rest of the clade. All Eupleridae...

crustaceans evolve a crab-like body plan. The term was introduced into evolutionary biology by Lancelot Alexander Borradaile, who described it in 1916 as...

and one approach to interpretation of the fossil record both place the evolutionary origins of eumetazoa in the Ediacaran. However, the earliest eumetazoans...

Evolutionary art is a branch of generative art, in which the artist does not do the work of constructing the artwork, but rather lets a system do the construction...

understood through evolutionary game theory concepts that assess the costs and benefits of reproductive decision-making. The Evolutionarily Stable Strategy...

categorised as revolutionary or evolutionary, though the two frequently overlap and are reflected in a diversity of tactics. Evolutionary approaches generally favour...

Prosimii is one of the two traditional primate suborders and is based on evolutionary grades (groups united by anatomical traits) rather than phylogenetic...

T22810A22322040. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T22810A22322040.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021. [1] EDGE (Evolutionarily Distinct & Globally Endangered) v t e...

what conditions are the various states of hermaphroditism or dioecy evolutionarily stable? When is a mixture of sexual types stable? When does selection...

Северцов; 11 September 1866 – 16 December 1936) was a Russian and Soviet evolutionary zoologist who worked on comparative anatomy and morphology. He was the...

species, as it is the distinguishing layer of the three that can identify evolutionarily higher life-forms (e.g., bilateral organisms like humans) from lower-life...

the Jagua Formation of western Cuba. Gallardosaurus is believed to be evolutionarily connected to Peloneustes, a pliosaurid commonly found in the Oxfordian-aged...

flawlessness" with perfect symmetry can be "disturbing". Symmetry may be evolutionarily beneficial as a sign of health because asymmetry "signals past illness...

matter very little. One possible explanation of the origin of jealousy in evolutionary psychology is that the emotion evolved in order to maximize the success...

eukaryotes. Studies on green algae have provided genetic evidence for the evolutionary link between sexes and mating types. The original form of sex was external...

protein-coding genes. Kristensen, DM; Cai X; Mushegian A (Apr 2011). "Evolutionarily conserved orthologous families in phages are relatively rare in their...

would be considered promiscuous in certain cultures around the world. In evolutionary terms, sexual suggestiveness is a mode from which sexual mates are gained...

collaborating to provide the functions of the colonial organism. The evolutionary biologists David Queller and Joan Strassmann suggest that "organismality"...

Patricia Adair Gowaty is an American evolutionary biologist. Gowaty is a professor emeritus at the University of Georgia and the University of California...

hunger (causation). Hunger and eating are evolutionarily ancient and are found in many species (evolutionary history), and develop early within an organism's...

The term evolutionary trap has retained several definitions associated with different biological disciplines. Within evolutionary biology, this term has...

unbalanced and parochial nature of this dichotomous division. Neontological evolutionary biology has a temporal perspective between 100 and 1000 years. Neontology's...

and elephants; thus the designation of "superior mammals" is not an evolutionary one, as it has occurred independently in different species.[dubious –...

(tympanic bone), which in some mammals stays separate through life. Evolutionarily, a portion of it is derived from the angular bone of the reptilian lower...

for his work in evolutionary psychology. He is the editor in chief of the academic journals Evolutionary Psychology and Evolutionary Psychological Science...

"thousands of twigs on a vigorous bush" and are the true embodiments of evolutionarily successful groups. Gould argues that the conventional view of evolution...

misidentifying stem groups. Since the protection of the megagametophyte is evolutionarily desirable, probably many separate groups evolved protective encasements...

In genealogy and evolutionary biology, an ancestor, also known as a forefather, fore-elder, or a forebear, is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an...

traditionally considered as evolutionary biology: evolutionary psychology, evolutionary anthropology, behavioral ecology, evolutionary developmental psychology...

collected in South Africa in 1938. This coelacanth was once thought to be evolutionarily conservative, but discoveries have shown initial morphological diversity...

Keightley is a British geneticist who is Professor of Evolutionary Genetics at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology in School of Biological Sciences at the...

genetics-inspired models of change in gene frequency in populations to game theory. Evolutionarily stable strategy, which refers to a strategy, which if adopted by a population...

resonating chamber to produce or receive sound. The swim bladder is evolutionarily homologous to the lungs of tetrapods and lungfish, and some ray-finned...

science, and philosophy of biology, particularly as those fields relate to evolutionary biology and cognitive science. Dennett was the co-director of the Center...

Evolutionary psychology of language is the study of the evolutionary history of language as a psychological faculty within the discipline of evolutionary...

is homologous to the baculum in male mammals. The structure is more evolutionarily labile than the baculum, exhibiting both more inherent variability and...

There are currently 15 DPS for steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and 31 evolutionarily significant units (ESU) for five species of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus...

In evolutionary psychology, the Cinderella effect describes the phenomenon of a higher incidence of child abuse and mistreatment by stepparents than biological...

arboreal gliding primatomorphs that are native to Southeast Asia. Their evolutionary closest relatives are primates. There are just two living species of...

strategy involves a form of aggressive mimicry called Kirbyan mimicry. The evolutionary strategy relieves the parasitic parents from the investment of rearing...

Evolutionary approaches to depression are attempts by evolutionary psychologists and evolutionary psychiatrists to use the theory of evolution to further...

origins of these modes of dispersal have been found to be a more recent evolutionary change. Of the methods of dispersal, the plants that use animals have...

probabilistic genetic program evolver called Meta-Optimizing Semantic Evolutionary Search, or MOSES. This is used to discover collections of short Atomese...

it is the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly,...

cirrocumulus floccus can form from cirrocumulus castellanus, being the evolutionary state after the base of the original cloud has dissipated. List of cloud...

them, namely the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. The evolutionary function of the sinuses is still partly debated. Humans possess four...

unconditioned stimulus with evolutionarily-relevant fear-response neutral stimuli (snakes and spiders) versus evolutionarily-irrelevant fear-response neutral...

evolutionary psychology – evolutionary radiation – evolutionarily stable strategy – evolutionary taxonomy – evolutionary tree – evolvability – experimental evolution...

was identified as one of the top-10 "focal species" in 2007 by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) project. In 2007 Zoological...

Evolutionary suicide is an evolutionary phenomenon in which the process of adaptation causes the population to become extinct. It provides an alternative...

Izard and Paul Ekman. According to these perspectives, surprise is evolutionarily adaptive, and also innate and universal across human cultures. Surprise...

Wipi language, a Papuan language of New Guinea WIPI protein family, an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins This disambiguation page lists articles...

egg-retrieval behavior. Fixed action patterns have been shown to be evolutionarily advantageous, as they increase both fitness and speed. However, as a...

non-arbitrary, evolutionarily familiar problems is more strongly related to general intelligence than performance on arbitrary, evolutionarily novel problems"...

to the Caroline Islands and high islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is evolutionarily significant as a relictual group closely related to grasses. They closely...

in a variety of adaptations including a musical and animated films. Evolutionary biologists have noted that what Kipling did in fiction in a Lamarckian...

"Rapid detection of snakes by Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata): an evolutionarily predisposed visual system". Journal of Comparative Psychology. 123 (2):...

Evolutionary graph theory is an area of research lying at the intersection of graph theory, probability theory, and mathematical biology. Evolutionary...

of kundalini among Western readers. His autobiography Kundalini: The Evolutionary Energy in Man (later renamed Living with Kundalini) presented his personal...

defend against predators or rivals. Insect mandibles, which appear to be evolutionarily derived from legs, move in the horizontal plane unlike those of vertebrates...

evolutionary series of anthropoid ancestors to anatomically modern humans (hominization). The term was influenced by the pre-Darwinian evolutionary theory...

sometimes even devoting more energy to growth, resulting in gigantism. The evolutionary parasitologist Robert Poulin suggests that parasitic castration may result...

repeatability of adaptive walks is simply that some paths are more evolutionarily favorable due to being mutationally favorable. The general implication...

Evolutionary data mining, or genetic data mining is an umbrella term for any data mining using evolutionary algorithms. While it can be used for mining...

Paul B.; Kapli, Paschalia; Mayer, Christoph; et al. (February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of...

called European Pressurised Reactor, and the internationalised name was Evolutionary Power Reactor, but it has been simplified to EPR. The first operational...

Evolutionary sociology and biosociology are subfields of sociology. Evolutionary sociology refers to scholarship examining the interaction between human...

relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies). Phylogenies have two...

Carl Sagan, in which the author combines the fields of anthropology, evolutionary biology, psychology, and computer science to give a perspective on how...

paleontologist and evolutionary biologist at the Florida State University. He is best known for his empirical research documenting the evolutionary process of...

Paleozoologists have been able to piece together a more complete outline of the evolutionary lineage of the modern horse than of any other animal. Much of this evolution...

cross-connection of the wing veins are often diagnostic for different evolutionary lineages and can be used for identification to the family or even genus...

glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in the study of genetics and evolutionary biology, as well as...

genetics in 1907 but is now used in biochemistry, computational biology and evolutionary biology. The phenomenon arises due to interactions, either between genes...

1942 – September 1, 2015) was an American historian of science and of evolutionary biology and population genetics. He was the Andrew H. and James S. Tisch...

environment (such as prenatal hormones), and brain structure. While the evolutionary explanation for heterosexuality in organisms that reproduce sexually...

nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits tracing the relationships of populations, and...

paraphyletic. The holozoan protists play a crucial role in understanding the evolutionary steps leading to the emergence of multicellular animals from single-celled...

successfully mating with her, and thus reducing the need for aggression and the evolutionary drive for sexual dimorphism. In general, levels of agonism (or aggression)...

bond to an evolutionarily-conserved histidine, while nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome P450 have a coordination bond to an evolutionarily-conserved...

appropriately placed in a monotypic genus, as Asarcornis scutulata; it proved evolutionarily closest to a clade containing the diving duck genera Netta and Aythya...

three-dimensional structure that appears in a variety of different, evolutionarily unrelated molecules. A structural motif does not have to be associated...

of the players switch to such a strategy. The result is that none is evolutionarily stable, and any prolonged series of the iterated prisoner's dilemma...

David Michael Buss (born April 14, 1953) is an American evolutionary psychologist at the University of Texas at Austin, researching human sex differences...

hydrosphere. This scenario may explain the quasi-random distribution of evolutionarily important features among the three domains and, at the same time, the...

eukaryotes, and their regulatory function in the cell cycle has been evolutionarily conserved. CDKs are named for the cyclins, protein activators of CDKs...

Reflex". Retrieved 5 February 2013.[permanent dead link] "Abdominal Reflex Evolutionary Significance". Archived from the original on 12 February 2013. Retrieved...

The Structure of Evolutionary Theory (2002) is Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould's technical book on macroevolution and the historical development...

rRNAs, tRNAs, and ribosomal protein genes. Additionally, they are an evolutionarily significant lineage found in mostly marine, glacial and freshwater environments...

introduced in 1991, by evolutionary botanist James A. Doyle and paleobotanist Carol L. Hotton, to emphasize the later evolutionary divergence of tricolpate...

increased potential in neuroimaging has also allowed investigation into evolutionarily ancient parts of the brain. Important neurological advances were derived...

the evolutionary drive to establish specific cues corresponding with the historical evolutionary environment to better adapt to it. Such evolutionary drives...

Marcusenius macrolepidotus in this way. This has driven the prey, in an evolutionary arms race, to develop more complex or higher frequency signals that are...

fields such as computer science, aerospace engineering, Internet slang, evolutionary neuroscience, animation and government. It is similar in meaning to the...

aspects of game theory, including equilibrium theory, learning in games, evolutionary game theory, and many applications to other fields. Fudenberg was also...

species, reconstructing evolutionary relationships, and informing conservation planning. These analyses help identify evolutionarily distinct lineages and...

University (ASU). His research interests include evolutionary psychology and in particular the evolutionary roots of culture. Together with his primatologist...

(1972), economics (1980), computer science (1993), computational and evolutionary molecular biology (2002), and ocean sciences or earth systems sciences...

romantic love has been explored by such biological sciences as evolutionary psychology, evolutionary biology, anthropology, and neuroscience. Neurochemicals...

Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book On...

other studies have shown Gryposuchinae to be paraphyletic and rather an evolutionary grade towards the living gharial, and thus Dadagavialis might just be...

(biology) Co-operation (evolution) Evolution of morality Evolutionarily stable strategy Evolutionary ethics Gene-centered view of evolution Sociobiology Rescue...

Amphistium. Vertebrate Octopus The eyes of many animals record their evolutionary history in their contemporary anatomy. The vertebrate eye, for instance...

Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history. Ecology is a branch...

Epihippus is believed to have evolved from Orohippus, which continued the evolutionary trend of increasingly efficient grinding teeth. It had five grinding...

The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) consists of a set of theoretical concepts argued to be more comprehensive than the earlier modern synthesis of...

non-coding sequence (CNS) is a DNA sequence of noncoding DNA that is evolutionarily conserved. Sequence conservation is a useful marker of function, so...

transitionary form between placoderms and extant jawed vertebrates. The evolutionary relationships of Bianchengichthys to other placoderms is thought to shed...

the social-cognitive perspective suggests that there are no inherent, evolutionarily induced gender differences. Instead, both emotional and sexual jealousy...

book discusses many related issues, including evolutionary psychology, evolutionary ethics, evolutionary musicology, differences between human races, differences...

normal and extended form games. Nash equilibrium Haven (graph theory) Evolutionarily stable strategy Ben Polak Game Theory: Lecture 1 Transcript ECON 159...

Ecological-evolutionary theory (EET) is a sociological theory of sociocultural evolution that attempts to explain the origin and changes of society and...

Evolutionary physiology is the study of the biological evolution of physiological structures and processes; that is, the manner in which the functional...

"The Evolutionary War" was a comic book crossover which ran through most of the 1988 annuals published by Marvel Comics. The principal writers included...

the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland, eastern Canada, is a proposed evolutionary radiation of prehistoric animals about 575 million years ago in the Ediacaran...

a dozen astrological books and one of the founders of the school of Evolutionary Astrology, described by Forrest as "a form of psychological astrology...

otherwise, and the ability to "Digivolve" back and forth between several evolutionary forms. Due to similar features and mechanics, several games have drawn...

S2CID 1559674. Morgan, DR; Soltis, DE; Robertson KR (July 1994). "Systematic and evolutionary implications of rbcL sequence variation in Rosaceae". American Journal...

species that differentiate them from L. texensis. Lupinus texensis' evolutionary roots go back to the emergence of the Lupinus genus in the Old World...

into why animals evolve swarming behaviours, scientists have turned to evolutionary models that simulate populations of evolving animals. Typically these...

writer whose work focuses on the interface between psychoanalysis and evolutionary biology. He was a faculty member at the Massachusetts Institute for Psychoanalysis...

was a geologist and biologist, and could be considered the father of evolutionary theory. The novel begins with Darwin at the age of 22 and follows him...

single cells,[clarification needed] different proton pumps that are evolutionarily unrelated can be found. Proton pumps are divided into different major...

and evolutionary biologists alike have accumulated evidence suggesting that human interest in, and creation of, art evolved as an evolutionarily necessary...

environments have adapted an extra-epidermal layer of lipid and mucus as an evolutionary convergent response to accommodate the periodic dehydration stress. As...

will continue to create, the next evolutionary geological layer. This geological layer is part of the evolutionary chain. Second-generation authors, predominantly...

The evolutionary psychology of religion is the study of religious belief using evolutionary psychology principles. It is one approach to the psychology...

Phylogenetic tree diagrams in the evolutionary sense date back to the mid-nineteenth century. The term phylogeny for the evolutionary relationships of species...

northwestern and southeastern savannas". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 57 (4): 970–988. doi:10.1111/jzs.12290. ISSN 0947-5745. Musser...

Evolutionary Operation (EVOP) is a manufacturing process-optimization technique developed in the 1950s by George E. P. Box. In EVOP, experimental designs...

symmetric forms do, regardless of size. Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous...

unconditioned stimulus with evolutionarily-relevant fear-response neutral stimuli (snakes and spiders) versus evolutionarily-irrelevant fear-response neutral...

(Humulus) are the most economically important species. Other than a shared evolutionary origin, members of the family have few common characteristics; some are...

reproductive investment. Too low an investment in self-repair would be evolutionarily unsound, as the organism would likely die before reproductive age. However...

many aspects of cognition are supported by specialized, presumably evolutionarily specified, learning devices Specific developmental disorder, disorders...

School of Business at Concordia University. He has argued for applying evolutionary psychology to marketing and consumer behaviour. He wrote a blog for Psychology...

Andrea L. Graham is a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology and a former co-director of the Global Health Program at Princeton University. She...

It can also refer to species that are hypothesised to have existed evolutionarily. Albin's macaw Arkansaw siskin, Fringilla spaltria Barraband's mystery...

most potential evolutions (dubbed "Eeveelutions"), with eight possible evolutionary forms. In the first generation of Pokémon games, where Eevee was introduced...

the Late Carboniferous, prior to 299 million years ago. Their early evolutionary history during the Cisuralian (Early Permian), is obscure, and they lack...

a nuclear research facility Euthyroid sick syndrome Evolutionarily stable state Evolutionarily stable strategy Explained sum of squares Effective sample...

leading figure in the revival of evolutionary economics. In 1982, he co-published with Richard R. Nelson An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, a book...

was coined by British evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Gene (1976) as a concept for discussion of evolutionary principles in explaining...

Endogenosymbiosis is an evolutionary process, proposed by the evolutionary and environmental biologist Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, in which "gene carriers"...

placed in the subfamily Hoplophryninae. Melanobatrachus indicus is an Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) species. It is classified as...

molecule is dependent on its structure, the structure of RNA molecules is evolutionarily conserved. Therefore, any mutation that alters the stable structure...

Evolutionary aesthetics refers to evolutionary psychology theories in which the basic aesthetic preferences of Homo sapiens are argued to have evolved...

The European Society for Evolutionary Biology (ESEB) was founded on 28 August 1987 in Basel, Switzerland, with ~ 450 evolutionary biologists attending the...

Human evolutionary genetics studies how one human genome differs from another human genome, the evolutionary past that gave rise to the human genome, and...

Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Society for...

Clearly, such vivipary repeatedly has developed independently in the evolutionary history of the Scincidae and the different examples are not ancestral...

GOOLD; September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, historian of science, and one of the most widely read authors...

central concept, the evolutionarily stable strategy. Population dynamics have been used in several control theory applications. Evolutionary game theory can...

spread from evolutionary biology to other disciplines, including evolutionary computation, quantum Darwinism, evolutionary economics, evolutionary epistemology...

water) Proteases were first grouped into 84 families according to their evolutionary relationship in 1993, and classified under four catalytic types: serine...

Anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives; together, they form the fowl clade which is scientifically...

to impose dominance became so high that the strategy was no longer evolutionarily stable, whereupon social life tipped over into 'reverse dominance' —...

lacking one entirely. However, this classification has become disused as evolutionary studies have shown that many flightless birds have evolved from flighted...

observed that sauropsids and synapsids diverged very early in the reptilian evolutionary history, and so he divided Goodrich's Protosauria between the two groups...

example, and the pair of nasal openings in the skull became fused. These evolutionary changes led to the first mammals (size around 4 in (100 mm)). They appear...

agamids, and New World lizards. Using morphological features as a guide to evolutionary relationships, the Iguania are believed to form the sister group to the...

Gibson et al. "Human preferences for sexually dimorphic faces may be evolutionarily novel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, no. 40...

Telescope to confirm that the Ursa Minor dwarf galaxy had a straightforward evolutionary history with a single burst of star formation that lasted around 2 billion...

Oxford, England) is the James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emerita of Evolutionary Anthropology at Duke University. Pusey was born and grew up in Oxford...

selection makes it unlikely these useless proteins will be retained over evolutionary time. Therefore, should two different protein families consistently tend...

globally threatened and endangered bird species, including many of the evolutionarily older birds on the Indian sub-continent. The region has been designated...

families, all of which, to various degrees, they resemble as a result of evolutionary convergence. There are 21 species. Some (e.g., Chrysochloris asiatica...

by the Association for Evolutionary Economics in recognition of outstanding scholarly contributions to the field of evolutionary institutional economics...

Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2023-02-19. Life Cycles: An Evolutionary Approach to the Physiology of Reproduction, Development and Ageing Kusumoto...

Bruce R. Levin is an American evolutionary biologist known for his contributions to the population and evolutionary biology of bacteria, bacteriophages...

occurs and that modern evolutionary synthesis is how evolution proceeds. Catholics' contributions to the development of evolutionary theory included those...

biology, phylogenetics (/ˌfaɪloʊdʒəˈnɛtɪks, -lə-/) is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes)...

of social learning leading to cumulative cultural evolution proved evolutionarily advantageous. Social-learning processes give rise to cultural evolution...

the Evolutionarily stable strategy or ESS. As the authors argued, "Beliefs determine Behavior. Behavior determines payoff. From an evolutionary perspective...

human psyche, consisting of different evolutionary layers, from the deeply archaic to the more evolutionarily recent. Those more archaic structures in...

bone forms the lower jaw articulation in all classes except mammals. Evolutionarily, it is derived from the hindmost part of the primitive cartilaginous...

Dipnoi. Extensive fossilization of lungfishes has contributed to many evolutionary studies of this group. Evolution of autostylic jaw suspension, in which...

they would ascend to heaven, referred to as the "Next Level" or "The Evolutionary Level Above Human". The death of Nettles from cancer in 1985 challenged...

extinct, can be seen as an extreme form of an evolutionary tragedy of the commons. From an evolutionary point of view, the creation of the tragedy of...

flowers on the same plant. Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin. Monoecious comes from the Greek words...

Duncan Irschick (born 1969 in San Francisco, California) is an evolutionary ecologist and functional morphologist in the field of animal athletics, more...

applicable beyond early childhood. Bowlby's theory integrated concepts from evolutionary biology, object relations theory, control systems theory, ethology, and...

adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon...

concept of deep time has influenced fields ranging from geology and evolutionary biology to climate science, philosophy, education, and environmental...

Evolutionary database design involves incremental improvements to the database schema so that it can be continuously updated with changes, reflecting the...

disadvantageous byproduct of human evolution or an evolutionarily beneficial adaptation. There are several evolutionary theories related to schizophrenia spanning...

out not to work very well for aligning evolutionarily divergent sequences. Sequence changes over long evolutionary time scales are not well approximated...

plants, shrubs and grasses". According to scientists, páramos may be "evolutionary hot spots", meaning that they are among the fastest evolving regions...

American slider turtles upside down". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 55 (4): 326–339. doi:10.1111/jzs.12179. Uetz, P.; et al. (eds...

30 January 2010. Gilbert, Scott F. (2000). "The anatomical tradition: Evolutionary Embryology: Embryonic homologies". Developmental Biology. Sunderland...

Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes is a 2014 book by evolutionary anthropologist Svante Pääbo. The book describes Pääbo's research into the DNA...

assumptions of EDP. From "Evolutionary Developmental Psychology," in The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology: All evolutionarily-influenced characteristics...

critical review of recent accounts". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 1 (13): 1–44. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.1975.tb00226.x. Kristensen...

An evolutionary landscape is a metaphor or a construct used to think about and visualize the processes of evolution (e.g. natural selection and genetic...

"Total evidence phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for Australian faunivorous marsupials (Dasyuromorphia)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (1) 240. Bibcode:2017BMCEE...

rate of carbohydrate metabolism and are strongly stimulated by the evolutionarily ancient hormone insulin. The PDC is opposed by the activity of pyruvate...

The capsid proteins of these viruses and their characteristics are of evolutionary importance for the origin of the other Varidnaviria viruses since they...

elements of one or more process models, such as incremental, waterfall, or evolutionary prototyping. This model was first described by Barry Boehm in his 1986...

biologists commonly believed in saltationism, the possibility of large evolutionary jumps, including immediate speciation. For example, in 1822 Étienne Geoffroy...

chromosome 14. This gene encodes a mitochondrial protein, which is evolutionarily conserved. It is involved in the biogenesis of iron- sulfur clusters...

previous definitions of Crocodilia and Eusuchia did not accurately convey evolutionary relationships within the group. The only order-level taxon that is currently...

initiate long-term stable relationships, as the study "The Dating Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Emerging Science of Human Courtship", done using his...

to mycologist Ladislav František Čelakovský (1864–1916). He took an evolutionary approach to the study of plants, alternation of generation, flower structure...

which is ancestral (or what is special and what is general, to use less evolutionarily freighted terminology) without reference to genealogical classifications...

American biologist and biogerontologist best known for his research on evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of aging. He is currently a professor of pathology...

that there is no evidence that the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN) is an evolutionarily more primitive center of the brainstem parasympathetic system than the...

condition. Evolutionary psychologists hold that behaviors or traits that occur universally in all cultures are good candidates for evolutionary adaptations...

Old English word egeful ("dreadful"). Keltner and Haidt proposed an evolutionary explanation for awe. They suggested that the current emotion of awe originated...

by FACES software A facial composite produced by PortraitPad software Evolutionary systems may be broadly described as holistic or global in that they primarily...

2026, the large majority of people belong to sedentary cultures. In evolutionary anthropology and archaeology, sedentism takes on a slightly different...

followed in listing of taxa which aids ease of use and roughly reflects the evolutionary relationships among the taxa. Taxonomic sequences can exist for taxa...

developed into the exclusively aquatic ancestors of modern cetaceans. One evolutionarily significant whale ancestor was the raoellid Indohyus, which was a Himalayas-dwelling...

Unicode characters in this article correctly. The Bamum scripts are an evolutionary series of six scripts created for the Bamum language by Ibrahim Njoya...

refinement of the evolutionarily stable state in evolutionary game theory, proposed by Dean Foster and Peyton Young. An evolutionary stable state S is...

the realization that evolutionary changes can be rapid led to the emergence of eco-evolutionary dynamics. The idea that evolutionary processes can occur...

East and Southern Africa, which indicates that this group has a longer evolutionary history than genetically less diverse lion samples from Asia and West...

they comprise the superfamily Meliphagoidea and originated early in the evolutionary history of the oscine passerine radiation. Although honeyeaters look...

retain functionally overlapping mitochondria from two evolutionarily distinct lineages". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (1): 172. Bibcode:2007BMCEE...7..172I...

nucleoporin family. The nucleoporin protein encoded by this gene displays evolutionarily conserved interactions with other nucleoporins. This protein, which...

different resources. This fact is considered a key driver in the unusual evolutionary diversification of form and physiology within this group.[citation needed]...

The history of evolutionary psychology began with Charles Darwin, who argued that all the most human of human capacities—the human intellect, rationality...

with genetic differences within and among populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology. Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena as...

protostomes and deuterostomes. This accompanied or facilitated other important evolutionary developments: the bilaterian body plan, the coelom, and metamerism, in...

storage. Assays for toxicity were already well characterized, so the evolutionary connection between toxicity and sociality could be studied. Schmidt developed...

equilibria have important properties. Only symmetric equilibria can be evolutionarily stable states in single population models. Symmetric game Thijssen,...

including history, philosophy, sociology, psychology, justice studies, evolutionary biology, biochemistry, neurosciences, folkloristics, and anthropology...

changes in preference are disproportionate and are selected for as evolutionarily efficient. Predatory fish may become a pest if they are introduced into...

murders in New Jersey. The two later come across what seems to be an evolutionary relict which may have inspired tales of the Jersey Devil. Carter was...

Information Processing Systems Conferences on Evolutionary computation. CEC - IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation EvoStar FOGA - Foundations of Genetic...

however, that particular case lacks a scientific description. Armadillos' evolutionary distinctiveness, combined with their restricted geographic range, ongoing...

This anatomical state (the physoclistous condition) is believed to be evolutionarily derived from the ancestral physostomous state. Some fishes, such as...

two species, R. gregorii and R. bermani. It is the youngest and most evolutionarily-advanced of the phytosaurs. OMNH 1250, the first Redondasaurus specimen...

time periods on the Earth, see: Geologic time scale Timeline of the evolutionary history of life Timeline of prehistory Timelines of world history For...

genetic drift. Also known as descent with modification. Over time these evolutionary processes lead to formation of new species (speciation), changes within...

Evolutionary explanations for the existence of discrete emotions such as fear and joy are one of many theoretical approaches to understanding the ontological...

hominid family of primates, which includes all the great apes. Over their evolutionary history, humans gradually developed traits such as bipedalism, dexterity...

time". The two main approaches to define a population are ecological and evolutionary. From the ecological perspective, individuals are considered interacting...

selection; second, introducing (with John Maynard Smith) the concept of the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), a central concept in game theory; and third,...

Duffy antigen. Nancy Ma's night monkeys have also been found to have an evolutionary pattern change in the hormone oxytocin. It was believed that all placental...

Human-based evolutionary computation (HBEC) is a set of evolutionary computation techniques that rely on human innovation. Human-based evolutionary computation...

the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment...

harpyja), at up to 9 kg (20 lb). Its massive size is explained as an evolutionary response to the size of its primary prey—the flightless moa—the largest...

particular, several models using evolutionary game theory indicate that cheap talk can have effects on the evolutionary dynamics of particular games. In...

often reflects uncertainty about its relationships rather than true evolutionary isolation. This uncertainty is evident in many cases across different...

remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. These influences include genetic drift, mate choice, assortative...

Theories: Critical Perspectives. Abrams has written on the integration of evolutionary psychology with psychotherapy, including Sexuality and Its Disorders:...

The Evolutionary Studies Institute (ESI) is a paleontological, paleoanthropological and archeological research institute operated through the Faculty of...

(biology), a block of little or no evolutionary change in a species, in the punctuated equilibrium model of evolutionary biology Stasis (fiction), a concept...

British anthropologist, biologist, and academic. She specialises in the evolutionary ecology of human demography and life history, and phylogenetic approaches...

Evolutionary biology, in particular the understanding of how organisms evolve through natural selection, is an area of science with many practical applications...

regarded as a member of Xenosauridae, but most recent studies of the evolutionary relationships of anguimorphs consider Shinisaurus to be more closely...

was identified as one of the top ten "focal species" in 2007 by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) project, which prioritises unique...

offer. Other authors have used evolutionary game theory to explain behavior in the ultimatum game. Simple evolutionary models, e.g. the replicator dynamics...

incest avoidance, marriage systems, human and primate kinship systems, evolutionary anthropology, sociology and the history of ideas in the social sciences...

primitive characteristics of Vulpes because it diverged early in the evolutionary history of the group. Vulpes chama is a small-built canid, usually measuring...

of Cbl adaptor proteins. This N-terminal region is composed of three evolutionarily conserved domains: an N-terminal four-helix bundle domain, an EF hand-like...

Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans"...

ecosystem that are not in a parent-progeny relationship. Because the evolutionary fate of the agent is not tied to reproductive success of the host, horizontal...

Bonsall, M. B.; Alonzo, S.H (2013). "Sex differences in life history drive evolutionary transitions among maternal, paternal, and bi-parental care". Ecology...

N-terminal threonine in order to avoid such steric clashes. Several evolutionarily independent enzyme superfamilies with different protein folds use the...

Evolution of cells refers to the evolutionary origin and subsequent evolutionary development of cells. Cells first emerged at least 3.8 billion years...

divergence of Borneo elephants warrants their recognition as a separate evolutionarily significant unit. In general, Asian elephants are smaller than African...

(February 2020). "Taxonomic review and phylogenetic inference elucidate the evolutionary history of Mesozoic Procercopidae, with new data from the Cretaceous...

ultraconserved element (UCE) is a region of the genome that is shared between evolutionarily distant taxa and shows little or no variation between those taxa. These...

an unsupervised manner. GANs are similar to mimicry in evolutionary biology, with an evolutionary arms race between both networks. The original GAN is defined...

Aldrich's main research interests are entrepreneurship, team formation, evolutionary theory, economic sociology and inequality, and gender issues in entrepreneurship...

gills of fish or air into the lungs in the case of amphibians. Over evolutionary time the more familiar use of jaws (to humans), in feeding, was selected...

demonstrating that around 1.2 million years ago there was a strong evolutionary pressure which acted on the development of dark skin pigmentation in...

redirect targets Evolutionarily stable strategy – Solution concept in game theory Green-beard effect – Hypothesis for altruism in evolutionary biology Nice...

intelligence. This is usually accomplished by cultural, technological, or evolutionary interventions such as genetic engineering. The earliest appearance of...

development of statistical methods and software tools for identifying evolutionarily conserved sequences. Siepel is currently Chair of the Simons Center...

small group would comprise a particularly great loss of genetic and evolutionary diversity. The IUCN Afrotheria Specialist Group notes that Afrotheria...

echidna was identified as one of the top-10 "focal species" by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) project. As of 2017[update]...

recruitment domain (CARD), and pyrin domain (PYD). Death fold domains are an evolutionarily conserved superfamily of domains that mediate apoptotic signaling. The...

who carried genetic material of another male rather than of his own. Evolutionarily, this translated into sexual jealousy and complex preventive customs...

perspectives on how much of gender is due to biological, neurochemical, and evolutionary factors (nature), or is the result of culture and socialization (nurture)...

X, Südhof TC, Rizo J (Sep 1998). "Three-dimensional structure of an evolutionarily conserved N-terminal domain of syntaxin 1A". Cell. 94 (6): 841–9. doi:10...

Spätzle or spaetzle (German for a type of noodle) is an evolutionarily-conserved arthropod protein first identified in Drosophila melanogaster. It plays...

Melanosaurini in its traditional sense is paraphyletic, representing an evolutionary grade of glytosaurines more basal ("primitive") than Glyptosaurini. Below...

amphibians are distantly related, the two species show a remarkable degree of evolutionary convergence in their dental anatomy. Both were likely durophagous, eating...

Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University. He is best known for the discovery of the concept of evolutionary entropy, a statistical...

cell-mediated immunity, reducing the risk of infecting neighboring cells. As an evolutionary response to this method of immune surveillance, many viruses are able...

through a variety of means, including archaeology, history, theology, and evolutionary psychology. The patterns which link Judaism, Christianity, and Islam...

an evolutionarily stable strategy, making organisms better able to survive random catastrophes. In their 1984 book Not in Our Genes, the evolutionary geneticist...

The term "landscape" comes from the notion of a fitness landscape in evolutionary biology. It was first applied to cosmology by Lee Smolin in his book...

γενιτσάρικης Τουρκίας. Athens: Εκάτη. p. 231. Tyrovola, V. (1994). "The evolutionary process of the dynamics of popular urban culture: The case of Zeibekiko...

complementary strands of nucleic acids: RNA, DNA or oligonucleotides In evolutionary algorithms, the merging two or more optimization techniques into a single...

players do not know which one of them is which, then the mixed Nash is an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), as play is confined to the bottom left to top...

Edgerly-Rooks, Janice S.; Fujita, Mari; Liu, Shanlin (February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of...

California, Los Angeles, working in the fields of evolutionary psychology, evolutionary anthropology, and evolutionary medicine. He was an editor-in-chief of journal...

gastropods, i.e. they are sea snails (marine gastropod mollusks) that, over evolutionary time, have either entirely lost their shells or have seemingly lost their...

quotations related to Robert Axelrod (political scientist). Cognitive map Evolutionarily stable strategy Prisoner's dilemma Glenn H. Utter, and Charles Lockhart...

other sub-disciplines which are based upon the conclusions of modern evolutionary biology, geology, cosmology, and other related fields. They argue for...

sometimes in the margins of heatmaps. in phylogenetics, it displays the evolutionary relationships among various biological taxa. In this case, the dendrogram...

structure of the reproductive and waste elimination systems, favors a closer evolutionary relationship between marsupials and placental mammals than either has...

2009.01002.x Collins, A.G., Valentine, J.W. (2001). "Defining phyla: evolutionary pathways to metazoan body plans" Archived 2020-04-27 at the Wayback Machine...

footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis. The principles of Mendelian inheritance were named for and...

gliders, setting the stage for the evolution of life on the wing. The evolutionary trend among birds has been the reduction of anatomical elements to save...

Demiaszkiewicz, A; Rajapakse, RP; Perera, VB; Laursen, JR; Loker, ES (2008). "Evolutionary origins, diversification, and biogeography of liver flukes (Digenea,...

Coraciiformes. Despite its name, the cuckoo-roller does not share close evolutionary origins with cuckoos or rollers. It is a medium-large bird, inhabiting...

Gregory D.; Hejnol, Andreas (23 November 2014). "Animal Phylogeny and Its Evolutionary Implications". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics....

American biologist, and the Edward P. Bass Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Emeritus at Yale University. He is known for his foundational...

pathways in response to both extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli. PASK is an evolutionarily conserved protein present in yeast, flies, and mammals.[supplied by...

1925 – January 25, 2022) was an American author, psychologist, and evolutionary systems scientist. Born in Palo Alto, California, Loye served in World...

system developed. These nerve nets were a sort of precursor for the more evolutionarily advanced brains. They were first observed in Cnidaria and consist of...

types. According to the theory of evolution, polymorphism results from evolutionary processes, as does any aspect of a species. It is heritable and is modified...

thought to have a jointed exoskeleton and Diania was suggested to be evolutionarily close to early arthropods, but many later studies have rejected this...

selection with Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics. It mostly refers to evolutionary theory from either 1895 (for the combinations of Darwin's and August...

structures or mental modules which have distinct, established, and evolutionarily developed functions. However, different definitions of "module" have...

Evolutionary Biology is a college-level evolutionary biology textbook written by Eli C. Minkoff that is 627 pages long. It was published in 1983 by Addison-Wesley...

in evolutionary biology since determining the evolutionary rate is the first step in characterizing its evolution. Calculating rates of evolutionary change...

The shape, size, and function of the nasal bridge are influenced by evolutionary adaptations, playing a key role in respiration, sense of smell, and thermoregulation...

Cyanophora is a genus of glaucophytes, a group of rare but evolutionarily significant freshwater microalgae. It includes the following species: Cyanophora...

nineteenth century. His interests focused on human life span development and evolutionary theory. Hall was the first president of the American Psychological Association...

Evolutionary transition in individuality is the process through which descendants of independent organism become lower level units within a super-organism...