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Eufriesea
	Eufriesea chrysopyga
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Clade:	Pancrustacea
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Apidae
Tribe:	Euglossini
Genus:	Eufriesea; Cockerell, 1908
Species
	see text
Diversity
	> 60 species
Synonyms
	Plusia Hoffmannsegg, 1817 (Preocc.); Eumorpha Friese, 1899 (Preocc.); Eufriesia Lutz & Cockerell, 1920 (Missp.); Euplusia Moure, 1943;

Eufriesea is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics.

All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be brown/black in color and hairy.

Distribution

Eufriesea have been found from Texas to central Argentina.^[1]^[2]

E. purpurata

At least one species in this genus, Eufriesea purpurata from Brazil, has been shown to deliberately collect large quantities of the insecticide DDT without any apparent adverse effects.^[3] Individual bees were observed to collect as much as 2 mg, which is equivalent to several percent of the bee's weight. Bees were observed to return to the walls of houses that had been recently sprayed with DDT and to collect the dried insecticide. The males of orchid bees are known to collect aromatic fragrances from certain kinds of orchids, and it is thought that they use these in territorial display and courtship, probably as precursors of their own pheromones. Some orchid bees have also been found to collect fragrances from rotten wood.

Name

The genus is named after entomologist Heinrich Friese.

Species

E. aeniventris (Mocsáry, 1896)
E. andina (Friese, 1925)
E. anisochlora (Kimsey, 1977)
E. atlantica Nemésio, 2008
E. auriceps (Friese, 1899)
E. auripes (Gribodo, 1882)
E. bare González & Gaiani, 1989
E. barthelli Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
E. boharti (Kimsey, 1977)
E. brasilianorum (Friese, 1899)
E. buchwaldi (Friese, 1923)
E. caerulescens (Lepeletier, 1841)
E. chaconi González & Gaiani, 1989
E. chalybaea (Friese, 1923)
E. chrysopyga (Mocsáry, 1898)
E. combinata (Mocsáry, 1897)
E. concava (Friese, 1899)
E. convexa (Friese, 1899)
E. corusca (Kimsey, 1977)
E. dentilabris (Mocsáry, 1897)
E. distinguenda (Gribodo, 1882)
E. dressleri (Kimsey, 1977)
E. duckei (Friese, 1923)
E. eburneocincta (Kimsey, 1977)
E. elegans (Lepeletier, 1841)
E. engeli Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
E. excellens (Friese, 1925)
E. fallax (Smith, 1854)
E. flaviventris (Friese, 1899)
E. formosa (Mocsáry, 1908)
E. fragrocara (Kimsey, 1977)
E. heideri Nemésio & Bembé, 2008
E. insularis Ayala et al., 2022
E. kimimari González & Gaiani, 1989
E. laniventris (Ducke, 1902)
E. limbata (Mocsáry, 1897)
E. lucida (Kimsey, 1977)
E. lucifera Kimsey, 1977
E. macroglossa (Moure, 1965)
E. magrettii (Friese, 1899)
E. mariana (Mocsáry, 1896)
E. mexicana (Mocsáry, 1897)
E. micheneri (Ayala & Engel, 2008)
E. mussitans (Fabricius, 1787)
E. nigrescens (Friese, 1925)
E. nigrohirta (Friese, 1899)
E. oliveri Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
E. opulenta (Mocsáry, 1908)
E. ornata (Mocsáry, 1896)
E. pallida (Kimsey, 1977)
E. pretiosa (Friese, 1903)
E. pulchra (Smith, 1854)
E. purpurata (Mocsáry, 1896)
E. pyrrhopyga Faria & Melo 2011
E. rufocauda (Kimsey, 1977)
E. rugosa (Friese, 1899)
E. schmidtiana (Friese, 1925)
E. simillima (Moure & Michener, 1965)
E. superba (Hoffmannsegg, 1817)
E. surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
E. theresiae (Mocsáry, 1908)
E. velutina (Moure, 1999)
E. venezolana (Schrottky, 1913)
E. venusta (Moure, 1965)
E. vidua (Moure, 1976)
E. violacea (Blanchard, 1840)
E. violascens (Mocsáry, 1898)
E. zhangi Nemésio, Júnior and Santos, 2013

References

^ Gonzalez VH, Griswold T, Simões M (2017) On the identity of the adventive species of Eufriesea Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the coerulescens species group (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55: 55-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.12209
^ Anjos-Silva, Evandson J. dos; Camillo, Evandro; Garófalo, Carlos A. (December 2006). "Occurrence of Aglae caerulea Lepeletier & Serville (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) in the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso State, Brazil". Neotropical Entomology. 35 (6): 868–870. doi:10.1590/S1519-566X2006000600024. PMID 17273723.
^ Roberts, Donald R.; Alecrim, Wilson D.; Heller, Jack M.; Ehrhardt, Susan R.; Lima, Jose B. (6 May 1982). "Male Eufriesia purpurata, a DDT-collecting euglossine bee in Brazil". Nature. 297 (5861): 62–63. Bibcode:1982Natur.297...62R. doi:10.1038/297062a0. S2CID 4257709.

External links

David Roubik (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute) – Diagnostic photographs of several Eufriesea species:

E. ornata at the Wayback Machine (archived 2016-03-03) · E. purpurata at the Wayback Machine (archived 2016-03-03) · E. surinamensis at the Wayback Machine (archived 2016-03-03)

[1] Gonzalez VH, Griswold T, Simões M (2017) On the identity of the adventive species of Eufriesea Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the coerulescens species group (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55: 55-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.12209

[Anjos-Silva-2] Anjos-Silva, Evandson J. dos; Camillo, Evandro; Garófalo, Carlos A. (December 2006). "Occurrence of Aglae caerulea Lepeletier & Serville (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) in the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso State, Brazil". Neotropical Entomology. 35 (6): 868–870. doi:10.1590/S1519-566X2006000600024. PMID 17273723.

[DDT-3] Roberts, Donald R.; Alecrim, Wilson D.; Heller, Jack M.; Ehrhardt, Susan R.; Lima, Jose B. (6 May 1982). "Male Eufriesia purpurata, a DDT-collecting euglossine bee in Brazil". Nature. 297 (5861): 62–63. Bibcode:1982Natur.297...62R. doi:10.1038/297062a0. S2CID 4257709.

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