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High-Speed Machining (HSM) is a manufacturing process in which cutting tools operate at significantly higher spindle speeds, feed rates, and cutting speeds than in conventional machining. It is widely used in modern precision manufacturing to improve productivity, reduce cutting forces, and achieve superior surface finishes.

The concept of high-speed machining was first studied by Carl J. Salomon in the early 20th century, who observed that cutting forces decrease when cutting speeds exceed certain thresholds. With the development of advanced Computer numerical control systems, high-performance spindles, and improved cutting tool materials, HSM has become an important technology in modern machining.

In high-speed machining, the cutting speed (Vc) is typically expressed as:

vc​=πDN​/1000

where Vc​ is the cutting speed (m/min), D is the tool diameter (mm), and N is the spindle speed (rpm). By increasing spindle speed and optimizing feed rates, HSM enables efficient material removal with smaller depths of cut.

Compared with conventional machining, high-speed machining offers several advantages, including higher productivity, improved surface quality, lower cutting forces, and reduced thermal deformation. The process is commonly applied in industries such as aerospace, automotive, mold and die manufacturing, and medical device production.