Submission declined on 27 December 2025 by Timtrent (talk). This draft reads like an essay or opinion piece. Wikipedia is not a place for original research or personal opinions. The draft should: summarize secondary sources: do not offer your own analysis or arguments; be written from a neutral point of view: represent the subject without bias, avoiding praise, criticism, or persuasive or promotional language; not contain original research: do not include new theories, unpublished ideas, or personal experiences. Instead, only summarize in your own words a range of independent, reliable, published sources that discuss the subject. If you would like to continue working on the submission, click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window. If you have not resolved the issues listed above, your draft will be declined again and potentially deleted. If you need extra help, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help from experienced editors. Please do not remove reviewer comments or this notice until the submission is accepted. Where to get help If you need help editing or submitting your draft, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews. If you need feedback on your draft, or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the talk page of a relevant WikiProject. Some WikiProjects are more active than others so a speedy reply is not guaranteed. How to improve a draft Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia – a basic overview on how to edit Wikipedia. Help:Wikitext – how to use the markup Help:Referencing for beginners – how to include references Wikipedia:Article development – how to develop your article Wikipedia:Writing better articles – how to improve your article Wikipedia:Verifiability – make sure your article includes reliable third-party sources You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Add tags to your draft Editor resources Easy tools: Citation bot (help) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs Declined by Timtrent 5 months ago. Last edited by RL0919 2 months ago. Reviewer: Inform author. Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again.

Submission declined on 16 December 2025 by Ldm1954 (talk). This draft is not written from a neutral point of view. Wikipedia articles must be written neutrally in a formal, impersonal, and dispassionate way. They should not read like a blog post, advertisement, or fan page. Rewrite the draft to remove: promotional language: see Words to watch; personal commentary: opinions or direct addresses to the reader; informal language. Instead, only summarize in your own words a range of independent, reliable, published sources that discuss the subject. Declined by Ldm1954 5 months ago.

Submission declined on 11 December 2025 by Pythoncoder (talk). This draft is not adequately supported by reliable sources. Wikipedia's verifiability policy requires that all content be supported by reliable sources. Reliable sources include: reputable newspapers, magazines, academic journals, and books from respected publishers. Unacceptable sources include: personal blogs, social media, predatory publishers, most tabloids, and websites where anyone can contribute. Replace any unreliable sources with high-quality sources. If you cannot find a reliable source for the material, it should be removed. Declined by Pythoncoder 5 months ago.

• Comment: I think you have probably written what you wish to say about the subject, and then sought references after writing in order to cite what you say. This is WP:BACKWARDS. Instead, please read this essay, one of several which outline a process which will succeed assuming the subject to be notable. If it isn't notable then no amount of editing can help. We use the references in the process described in the essay to determine and verify notability. No suitable references means the subject is not notable, and it is time to stop. 🇵🇸‍🇺🇦 Fiddle^Timtrent Faddle^Talk to me 🇺🇦‍🇵🇸 12:01, 27 December 2025 (UTC)

• Comment: This is an essay with a random collection of information on the topic. The recent addition of the section on the Feynman lectures is irrelevant. I strongly suggest to the author that they do some simple editing and reading of existing articles to first learn what encyclopedic articles are on Wikipedia. Ldm1954 (talk) 12:54, 16 December 2025 (UTC)

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (December 2025) This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. (December 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article may lack focus or be about more than one topic. Please help improve this article, possibly by splitting it or creating a disambiguation page. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. (December 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Brownian computers (or automata) are a form of theoretical computing devices. They are thought experiments rather than practical machines, but are still based on, and derived from, physical laws. Their behavior is closely tied to principles involving entropy and Brownian motion. They relate to several fields and branches, including (computational) thermodynamics, information theory, and Hamiltonian dynamics. With some ideas potentially extending into philosophy. ^[1]

In theory, they have been proposed as a type of thermodynamically reversible computer, which would exempt them from Landauer’s principle; however, this remains under significant academic debate, with critics arguing that they are in actuality thermodynamically irreversible.^[2]

Brownian computers were first proposed as a solution to "Maxwell's daemon" by Charles H. Bennett (alongside contributions from Rolf Landauer). They were inspired by nature, and biological processes - namely DNA and RNA interactions (Nucleic Acid Interactions). The idea was developed in the context of IBM research and academic discussions in the fields relating to thermodynamics and theoretical computer science. Dr Bennett explored these ideas in the 1970s and 1980s, with key publications including Bennett’s 1973 paper “Logical Reversibility of Computation”^[3]

All Brownian computers are based on fundamental principles aimed at minimizing or mitigating entropy production :

• They operate via thermal fluctuations—Brownian motion (in order to "do work")

• They do not contain springs or sources of friction, as these would dissipate thermal energy (heat) (and defeat the purpose).

• They attempt to be thermodynamically reversible by relying solely on logically reversible operations (e.g., Not, Controlled Not, etc.).

The framework's high level of abstraction and simplicity allows for a wide variety of different "types" of Brownian computers. ^[3]