Draft:Arp 331

  • Comment: Per WP:NASTRO, should have more than standard web listings to count for notability. Lynch44 12:06, 16 February 2026 (UTC)

Arp 331 (also known as the Pisces Chain or Pisces Cloud), is a compact group of galaxies in the constellation of Pisces. It is classified as a chain of galaxies in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.[1] The group forms part of the larger Perseus-Pisces Supercluster.[2]

The galaxy group Arp 331 (AKA Pisces Chain) labeled by galaxy.

Members

Arp 331 consists of a prominent linear chain of eight NGC galaxies, primarily elliptical and lenticular (S0) types, aligned in a north-south orientation.[3] The main members are:[4][5]

Designation Type Apparent magnitude Notes
NGC 379 E
NGC 380 E
NGC 382 E Close companion to NGC 383, site of supernova SN 2000dk.
NGC 383 S0 Central member; double radio galaxy with relativistic jets.
NGC 384 E
NGC 385 E/S0
NGC 386 E
NGC 387 E Sometimes included in the chain.

NGC 383

NGC 383 imaged by Hubble

The brightest and central galaxy in the group is NGC 383, a lenticular galaxy (S0) with a quasar-like appearance.[2] It exhibits relativistic jets that bisect the galaxy and extend for several thousand parsecs, dissipating into streamers.[6] These jets, observed in radio and X-ray wavelengths, are produced by synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons and interact with the intergalactic medium. NGC 383 is a strong source of X-ray emission from the cluster center.[6] It is also known as the radio source 3C 31.

References

  1. ^ Arp, Halton (1966). Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. Pasadena, California: California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 5 Jan 2010. (online version, including Arp's original tabular data, and PDF link)
  2. ^ a b "Webb Deep-Sky Society: Galaxy of the Month: NGC383". www.webbdeepsky.com. Retrieved 2026-02-17.
  3. ^ "Arp 331: an 8-strong chain of NGC galaxies". Stargazers Lounge. 2016-09-21. Retrieved 2026-02-17.
  4. ^ Goldstein, Alan (2023-05-18). "Target 10 galaxy groups | Astronomy.com". Astronomy Magazine. Retrieved 2026-02-17.
  5. ^ Ford, Dominic. "The Pisces Cloud (Arp 331)". In-The-Sky.org. Retrieved 2026-02-17.
  6. ^ a b "NGC 385 - Galaxy - SKY-MAP". server1.sky-map.org. Retrieved 2026-02-17.

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