Draft:Arboga articles
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Last edited by Jkl (talk | contribs) 3 months ago. (Update) |
The Arboga articles (Swedish: Arboga Artiklar) is a statute dated April 14, 1561 (old style), which details the privileges and obligations of the dukes of the duchies in Sweden that king Gustav Vasa created. In Gustav's testament the privileges of the dukes were expressed very ambiguously, leaving the dukes room to claim powers equal to those of the king. To eliminate these threats to the central royal authority, king Erik XIV, the eldest son of Gustav, convened a riksdag in Arboga in 1561. There he compelled the older two of his brothers, dukes John and Magnus, to sign the articles (Charles was still only a child).
The statute, which relied on the support of the riksråd and the estates, forbade the dukes from claiming the status of autonomous princes, but were instead declared subjects of the king. The inhabitants of the duchies were to swear their oaths of fealty to the king. The armed forces were to be mustered annually by the king's men, and in times of war were to be led by the king's military commanders. The dukes were not permitted to ally themselves or negotiate with foreign powers without the permission of the king, nor raise their own taxes. The highest judicial authority belonged to the king; he alone had the right to ennoblement and the granting of other privileges. Royal decrees, which applied to the kingdom as a whole, were to apply to the duchies as well. Bishops and lawspeakers were appointed by the king alone.
The dukes retained few other privileges other than the collection of incomes from their respective duchies, receiving the same share as the king from fine payments, acting as judges in legal cases of their respective hundreds, and the appointment of subordinate officials.
The limitations of the dukes' power were caused by the distrust king Erik had towards eldest brother, John – and from whom he met the most resistance. When Erik XIV was deposed, these "hard and insufferable" articles were cited as one of the reason for the deposition. Thereafter, John didn't require the young duke Karl to agree to the articles.
Sources
- Arboga artiklar Nordisk familjebok (first edition 1876)
- Arboga artiklar. Nordisk familebok (second edition 1904)
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