Chang sign

Chang sign is a radiologic sign for detecting pulmonary embolism in X-ray films. It refers to the dilatation and abrupt change in calibre of a previously normal descending pulmonary artery on a chest X-ray film.^[1] Chang sign usually appears within 24 hours of the onset of chest pain due to pulmonary embolism,^[2] and the maximal dilatation of the descending pulmonary artery often occurs in two to three days after the onset of pain.^[3]

Chang sign is absent in case of co-existing pneumonia or other conditions causing central opacities, where the descending pulmonary artery cannot be visualised in the X-ray image.^[3]

References

^ Mossbock, R (December 1980). "[Experience with corrective operations for dysgnathia in cleft lip, palate and jaw]". Österreichische Zeitschrift für Stomatologie. 77 (12): 466–9. PMID 6938914.
^ Saliba, Thomas; Tack, Denis (15 February 2023). "Central Pulmonary Embolism Detected on a Chest X-Ray: A Case Report". Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology. 107 (1): 11. doi:10.5334/jbsr.3052. PMC 9936914. PMID 36817570.
^ ^a ^b (Joseph) Change, C.H.; Davis, W. Clayton (January 1965). "A roentgen sign of pulmonary infarction". Clinical Radiology. 16 (2): 141–147. doi:10.1016/S0009-9260(65)80007-1. PMID 14272525.

v t e Radiologic signs
Breasts	Acorn cyst sign Teacup sign
Cardiovascular	Aortic unfolding Aortic nipple sign Cœur en sabot Dense artery sign Halo sign High-attenuation crescent sign Water bottle heart
Gastrointestinal	Bowler hat sign Coffee bean sign Colon cut-off sign Comb sign Cupola sign Double bubble Double duct sign Endoexoenteric Football sign Hampton's line Hot quadrate sign Klemm's sign Leadpipe colon Mercedes-Benz sign Mumoli's sign Omental cake Pneumatosis intestinalis Pyloric tit sign Rigler's sign Rigler's triad Sentinel loop Small bowel faeces sign Stepladder sign Whirlpool sign
Musculoskeletal	Absent bowtie sign Anteater nose sign Blade of grass sign Brim sign Celery stalking Cheerio sign Cockade sign Codfish vertebra Corduroy sign Crescent sign Dagger sign Deep lateral femoral notch sign Double posterior cruciate ligament sign Dripping candle wax sign Empty vertebral body sign Fabella sign Fairbank's changes Fat pad sign/Sail sign of the elbow Gilula's lines Growth arrest lines Hilgenreiner's line Honda sign J-shaped sella sign Klein's line Licked candy stick appearance Light bulb sign Napoleon hat sign Notching of the ribs Osteopathia striata Pencil-in-cup sign Perkin's line Polka dot sign Popcorn calcification Sandwich vertebra Scottie dog sign Shiny corner sign Terry-Thomas sign Thurstan Holland sign Trethowan's sign
Neurological	Boomerang sign Dense artery sign Dense MCA sign Dural tail sign Empty sella sign Eye of the tiger sign Face of the giant panda sign Hot nose sign Hotcross bun sign Insular ribbon sign White cerebellum sign
Oncological	Bowl of grapes sign Misty mesentery sign
Respiratory	Air crescent sign Bat wing appearance Black pleura sign Cannonball sign Chang sign Comet tail sign Continuous diaphragm sign Cottage loaf sign Crazy paving Deep sulcus sign Double bronchial wall sign Falciform ligament sign Fleischner sign Golden S sign Ground-glass opacity Hampton hump Hilum overlay sign Holly leaf sign Juxtaphrenic peak sign Kerley lines Knuckle sign Mediastinal shift Palla's sign Peribronchial cuffing Sail sign of the chest Silhouette sign Steeple sign Thumbprint sign Traction bronchiectasis Tree-in-bud sign Westermark sign
Urogenital	Bear paw sign Canga's bead symptom Drooping lily sign Faceless kidney sign Fishhook ureter sign Jackstone calculus Maiden waist deformity Putty kidney
Other	Mickey Mouse sign Rice grain calcification Ring-enhancing lesion Tram track Water lily sign

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