Chain Gate street

Chain Gate street
The street in 2011
Map
Interactive map of Chain Gate street
Native nameطريق السلسلة (Arabic)
NamesakeChain Gate, Al-Aqsa[1][2]
Maintained byJerusalem waqf
Length308 metres (1,010 ft)[1]
LocationOld City of Jerusalem
FromChain Gate[1]
ToDavid street [de; fr; he], Butchers' market[1]

Chain Gate street (Arabic: طريق باب السلسلة, romanizedṬarīq Bāb as-Silsila) is a major residential and commercial street in the Old City of Jerusalem, along it are a souk with 110 shops and buildings dating back to the Mamluk rule of Jerusalem.[1][3][2] The road leads up to the Chain gate, after which the street is named, leading up to the gate are vaults of Umayyad architecture, the final 120 meters of the street to east are built on a bridge dated dated back to the Umayyad Caliphate.[4]

Archeology

Underneath the street are barrel vaulted structures that were discovered in 1845 by Titus Tobler who interpreted them to be an ancient bridge.[4]: 163 

A structure of 6 groin vaulted bays was found on the street, which has been identified by some academics as the possible site of a medieval market.[5]

Remains dating back to the Roman period are found underneath parts of the street.[1]

Sites

A map of modern-day Jerusalem, chain gate street can be seen extending from the west side of the al-Aqsa complex to the start of David street.

Among the sites found along the street are:

  • Khan al-Sultan: Khan al-Sultan [ar; he] is a caravanserai on the western side of the street, it was renovated in 788 AH (1386/1387 CE) by the Mamluks, it has also operated as a market as early as the 15th century as attested by Mujir al-Din's writings.[6][3]: 479–484 
  • The market: A souk known as suq al-silsila with a 110 shops is found along the street, it is named after the gate.[1][9]
  • The Khalidi Library: The Khalidi library is located on the street, near the eponymous Chain gate.[10]

Women's Hospice

The women's hospice (Arabic: رباط النساء, romanizedRibar al-Nisa') was established by Tankiz in 730 AH (1329/1330 CE) opposite the Tankiziyya near the gate.[1][3]: 240–243  Intended to house poor and unmarried women of Jerusalem, the building was constructed around a modest corridor-centered plan with rooms opening off its northern and western sides. Its relatively simple exterior has a trefoil arched entrance portal facing the square. A cistern and well chamber within the complex were reportedly supplied through Tankiz' charitable endowment. The building is now used as residential housing.[1][3] Some legends attribute the construction of the hospice to Terken Khatun.[11]

Turbat Khatun

Turbat Turken Khatun [ar] (Arabic: تربة تركان خاتون) was built in 1352–53 on the north side of the road west of the sa'diyya, as the mausoleum of Turkan Khatun, daughter of the prince Tuqtay al-Saljuqi al-Uzbaki. The small Mamluk mausoleum consists of a domed burial chamber and an antechamber, and is noted for its finely decorated symmetrical facade with bichrome masonry, carved inscriptions, arabesque panels, and ornamentation surrounding the windows and central pilaster. The building inscription records the date of construction but does not mention the circumstances of Turkan Khatun's death.[4]: 215, 216 

History

The street in 1920. Photographed by The Matson Photo Service.

The streets crosses the central valley of the city over a wide bridge that may date back to the Herod era, though the bridge underneath may have been renovated during Muslim rule.[3]

15th century chronicler Mujir al-Din reported the chain gate streets market was one of the main markets of Jerusalem, and it was divided into sections based on the types of merchendise sold.[3]: 40 

Mamluk period

During the reign of the Mamluk Sultan, the Sultanate administered large-scale architectural renovations to the city, many of these renovations were concentrated along the Chain gate street.[3]: 77  7 Mamluk monuments were constructed on the street, all of them containing burial sites, though it unknown why burials were common on this street, the construction of burial sites stopped after the Circassian Burji Mamluks took power.[3]

Ottoman period

The Silsila neighborhood was one of the most densely populated sections of the old city during Ottoman rule, alongside Al-Wad Street.[12]: 37  The 1905 Ottoman census, counted the population of Bab el-Silsila neighborhood and found 548 Muslim heads of families and 711 Jewish heads of families, despite its proximity to the Jewish quarter. Historian Vincent Lemire notes that this pattern of intermixed Muslim and Jewish family homes was common in Ottoman Jerusalem.[12]

Post-1967

Israeli Police Metal Detectors. Image shared by the official Facebook account of the Israel police.

As reported by Al Jazeera English, the street has been routinely by Israelis since 2003 to exit Al-Aqsa after they enter from Bab al-Maghariba.[13]

During the 2017 Temple Mount crisis, the Israeli Police installed metal detectors on a few of the gates to the al-Aqsa compound, the metal dectors were removed in the same month, following protests.[14] One of the metal detectors was placed on chain street.[15][16]

In May of 2026, the Israeli government began looking into seizing properties in the street belonging to Arab residents of the city.[17][18][19][20][21] The move to seize the land was linked to a decision made April 14, 1968 when 116 dunams (116,000 m2) of land were reallocated to the Jewish quarter.[19][18][17] According to Israeli Channel 12, this could "lead to the confiscation of roughly 50 buildings" and the "eventual eviction of the Muslim families living there."[21][17]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Jubeh, Nazmi (20 September 2021). "Tariq Bab al-Silsila: A Portrait of an Old City Suq". Jerusalem Quarterly (87): 105. doi:10.70190/jq.I87.p105. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  2. ^ a b Khatib, Khaled A. (1993). The Conservation of Jerusalem. Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h MICHAEL HAMILTON BURGOYNE; D S Richards (1987). Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study on JSTOR. Council for British Research in the Levant (CBRL), Al Tajir Trust. pp. 84–85. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  4. ^ a b c Keel, Othmar [in German]; Küchler, Max [in German] (2007). Jerusalem: ein Handbuch und Studienreiseführer zur Heiligen Stadt (in German). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-525-50170-2. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  5. ^ Boas, Adrian J. (14 October 2016). Crusader Archaeology: The Material Culture of the Latin East. Routledge. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-317-47965-9. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  6. ^ "أسواق في البلدة القديمة في القدس" [Markets in the old city of Jerusalem]. WAFA (in Arabic). Retrieved 14 May 2026.
  7. ^ "شاهد.. المدرسة الطشتمرية في القدس من الداخل" [Al-Tashtamuriyya school in Jerusalem from the inside]. Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 2026. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  8. ^ "المدرسة الطشتمرية.. مؤسسة تعليمية عريقة بالقدس تحولت إلى دكاكين ومساكن" [The Tashtamariyya School: A venerable educational institution in Jerusalem that has been transformed into shops and residences.]. Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  9. ^ "حارة السلسلة زاخرة بالتاريخ والاساطير" [The Chain Quarter is rich in history and legends.]. Akhbarelbalad. 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  10. ^ Kuttab, Daoud (January 29, 2021). "A restored Palestinian library in Jerusalem preserves heritage, encourages research". Arab News. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2026.
  11. ^ "العمارة النسوية تحف فنية تزين القدس" [Women's architecture: Artistic masterpieces adorning Jerusalem]. Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  12. ^ a b Lemire, Vincent (21 April 2017). Jerusalem 1900: The Holy City in the Age of Possibilities. University of Chicago Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-226-18837-9. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  13. ^ "فيديوغراف.. تعرف على مسار اقتحامات المستوطنين للمسجد الأقصى" [Infographic: Learn about the route of settler incursions into Al-Aqsa Mosque]. Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  14. ^ "Israel removes flashpoint metal detectors at Jerusalem holy site". BBC. 25 July 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  15. ^ "البوابات الإلكترونية على مداخل المسجد الأقصى تفجر غضبا جديدا". Anadolu Agency (in Turkish). 20 Jul 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  16. ^ "الأوقاف الإسلامية ترفض الدخول للأقصى عبر بوابات الكترونية". DW News (in Arabic). 16 Jul 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  17. ^ a b c "Israeli gov't may expropriate dozens of Arab homes in Jerusalem's Old City". The Jerusalem Post. 18 May 2026. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
  18. ^ a b "Jerusalem Governorate says Israeli approval of seizure of Bab al-Silsila properties targets Palestinian presence". WAFA. May 17, 2026. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
  19. ^ a b "تفاصيل قرار إسرائيلي جديد لتهويد المسجد الأقصى". Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 17 May 2026. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
  20. ^ "Israel advances plan to seize Palestinian property near Al-Aqsa Mosque". Middle East Eye. 18 May 2026. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
  21. ^ a b Summers, Charlie (18 May 2026). "Government forms team to draft plan for confiscation of Old City properties; Arab residents at risk of eviction". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 28 May 2026.

Further reading

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