This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (January 2026) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

CER (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Cifarski Elektronski Računar, lit. 'Digital Electronic Computer') was a series of early computers (based on vacuum tubes and transistors) developed by Mihajlo Pupin Institute in Yugoslavia in the 1960s and 1970s.

Models:

• CER-10 - 1960, based on vacuum tubes, transistors, electronic relays, and magnetic core memory. First Yugoslav digital computer (developed in "Vinca"-Institute) in (SFRY).
• CER-2 - 1963, a prototype model
• CER-20 - 1964, CER-30 - 1966, - the prototypes of the "electronic bookkeeping machine" for EI Niš and RIZ Zagreb;.
• CER-200 - 1966, series of 18 "electronic bookkeeping computers".
• CER-202-1968; CER-203 - 1972
• CER-22 - 1967, based on transistors, MSI circuits, magnetic core memory, punched cards and magnetic disks. Serie of 3 electronic systems, used for on-line banking operations and data processing applications;
• CER-12 - 1971, "electronic computer for business data processing", based on VLSI technology, wire wrapping boards, magnetic disks and magnetic tapes;
• CER-11 - 1966, based on transistors, core memory, Teletype printer etc. Mobile military computer (used in the JNA (Yugoslav People's Army);
• CER-101 Kosmos - 1973, based on VLSI circuits, core memory, magnetic drum, paper tapes, Teletype printers; Mobile computer in special military vehicles (used in the JNA's V.T. Institute);
• CER-111 - 1975, Mobile military computer, based on VLSI technology, Hard disk drive; Used in JNA until 1989.

CER-Computers Table (author: Dušan Hristović, M.P.Institute, Belgrade University); GFDL and CCSA 3.0 License.

• History of computer hardware in Yugoslavia
• List of computer systems from Yugoslavia

• Rajko Tomović, A.Mandzić, T.Aleksić, P.Vrbavac, V.Masnikosa, D.Hristović i M. Marić: «CIFARSKI ELEKTRONSKI RAČUNAR – CER INSTITUTA VINČA«, Zbornik V Konf. ETAN – 1960, tom 1, pp. 305–330, Beograd, 18. November 1960.
• Vukašin Masnikosa:«Aritmetički organ eksperiment.numeričke mašine u IBK-Vinča«, ELEKTROTEHNIKA, vol.8, No 8, pp.xx, Belgrade 1959.(takodje: ETAN-1958, pp. 303)
• Dušan Hristović, Branko Dokmanović:«Napajanje rač.mašine CER«, V Konf.ETAN-60, pp. 315–324, Belgrade 1960.
• Tihomir Aleksić, P.Vrbavac, J.Opačić: «Magnetno-tranzistorski brojački element i njegova primena u brojačima impulsa«, AUTOMATIKA i ELEKTRONIKA, vol.2, No4, Beograd 1962.
• B.Janković, N.Parezanović, S.Rajić, M.Marić:«Analiza jednotakt.prekid.sistema na univ. računarima«, Zbornik 8.Konf. ETAN-1963, tom 1, pp. 211–217, Zagreb,7.Sept.1963.
• Dušan Hristović: »Tranzistorski izlazni pojačavači za feritne memorije«, Zbornik 8.Konf. ETAN-1963, tom 1, pp. 219–225, Zagreb, 7.September 1963.
• Nedeljko Parezanović: «Elektronski računar sa usvajanjem programa«, Zbornik 8.Konf.ETAN-1963, tom 1, pp. 199–204, Zagreb, 7.Sept. 1963.
• Veselin Potić:«Poluprom. memorija induktivnog tipa«, 9.Kon.ETAN-64, pp. 243–246, YU Bled .
• M.Hruška, M.Marić:”Pristupni sistem brze koincid.mem.vel.kapaciteta”, Zbornik 11.Konf.ETAN-67, tom 1, pp. 365–372, Niš 8.June 1967.
• Dušan Hristović: »Računar CER–22«, HPEEA journal, No 10, pp. 5–12, Belgrade, Oktober 1969.
• M.Momčilović, D.Hristović, P.Vrbavac et al.:»Domaći cifarski el. računari CER«, Zbornik Savetovanja:Mehanografija i AOP u preduzećima, pp. 38–58, YU Nova Varoš, 22.May 1969.
• Vladislav Paunović: »Jedno rešenje veze linijskog štampača«, časopis HPEEA, No 15, pp. 31–35, Belgrade, July 1970.
• Vladislav Paunović: »Aritmetička jedinica-AJ računara CER-12«, AUTOMATIKA, No3, pp. 161–165, Zagreb, 1971.(v.takodje Konf.ETAN-1972, str.877-886, Velenje, June 1972.)
• Veselin Potić, M.Šavikin:«U/I sistem CER-12«, AUTOMATIKA, No 3, pp. 166–176, Zagreb,1971.
• M.Momčilović, Miladin Dabić:«Domaći el.sistem za obradu podataka CER-203« VI jug.simpozium o automatizaciji obrade podataka, Zagreb, 1972.
• Dušan Hristović: »MP struktura digitalnog računara HRS 101«, AUTOMATIKA, No3, pp. 173–179, Zagreb, 1972.
• M.Šavikin, V.Potić, M.Timotić, A.Marjanski: «Podsistem čitača-bušača pap.trake u sklopu rač.sistema CER-12«, Zborn.16Kon.ETAN-1972, pp. 865–876, Velenje, June 1972.
• V.Potić, B.Tanasijević:«Organizacija i rešenje sistema memorije na magnetnom dobošu«, Zbornik 17.Konf.ETAN-1973, tom 2, pp. 1030–1035, Novi Sad, 6.June 1973.
• B. J. Kogan, P.Vrbavac et al.:«Gibr.Vičisl.Sistema GVS-100«, Sbornik IPU, Moskva 1974, pp. 5–42; Also:Proc.of the VII.Congress AICA-73, pp. 305–316, Prague 27. August 1973.
• Dušan Hristović, Borivoj Lazić: «Programsko testiranje eksternih memorija«, Zbornik 18.Konf.ETAN-1974, tom 2, pp. 1157–1166, Ulcinj 6. June 1974.
• Tihomir Aleksić:”Logička sinteza digitalnih sistema«, Naučna knjiga, Belgrade 1971.i 1975.(2 editions).
• Veselin Potić, i dr:«Programska detekcija kvarova u disk-memoriji«, Informatika-1974, YU Bled.
• Veselin Potić, Dušan Hristović:«Asocijativna struktura za adresiranje spoljnih memorija«, AUTOMATIKA, No 5-6, pp. 181–185, Zagreb 1976.(also see: 20.Konf.ETAN-76, pp. 1127–1135, YU Opatija).
• Dušan Hristović: ”Interaktivni grafički terminali”, Zbornik ETAN-77, pp. 161–168, Banja Luka,6.June 1977.
• Tihomir Aleksić:»RAČUNARI-ORGANIZACIJA I ARHITEKTURA«, Naucna knjiga, Belgrade 1982,85,89.i 1991. (4 editions).
• Dragoljub Milićević, Dušan Hristović et al.: «RAČUNARI TIM«, Naučna knjiga, Belgrade,1990. (pp. 163–169, see the photographs of the CER computers).
• Dušan Hristović: «Computer History, CER-10«, IT Star Newsletter, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 6–7, Spring issue 2009.
• B.Lazić, D.Živković,Ž.Tošić, M.Stojčev, D.Obradović, V.Kovačević:»50 GODINA RAČUNARSTVA«, Zbornik 39.Konf.ETRAN-95, tom 3, pp. 7–20, Zlatibor, 6.June 1995.
• D.Bečejski-Vujaklija, N.Marković(Ed):"50 Years of Computing in Serbia(50 Godina Računarstva u Srbiji)", pp. 11–44, DIS, IMP and PC Press, Belgrade 2011.
• Vladislav Paunović, Dušan Hristović: «PRIKAZ I ANALIZA RAČUNARA CER« Zbornik 44.Konf.ETRAN-2000, tom 3, pp. 79–82, Sokobanja, 26.June 2000.
• Dušan Hristović:"Razvoj Računarstva u Srbiji"(Development of the Computing Technology in Serbia), PHLOGISTON journal, No 18-19, pp. 89–105, Museum MNT-SANU, Belgrade 2010/2011.
• Jelica Protic et al.: "Building Computers in Serbia", ComSIS, vol.8, no 3, pp. 549–571, Belgrade June 2011.